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HANNES: A Modular Neurointerventional Training Model

Journal of engineering and Science in Medical Diagnostics and Therapy 2025年第3期8卷 031008页

作者： Schmiech, Jonte Wegner, Marie Wortmann, Nadine Sobirey, Eve Guerreiro, Helena Kyselyova, Anna Ramdani, Nora Krause, Dieter Institute of Product Development and Mechanical Engineering Design Hamburg University of Technology Denickestraße 17 Hamburg21073 Germany Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf Martinistrae 52 Hamburg20251 Germany

This work introduces version 2.0 of the Hamburg ANatomical NEurointerventional Simulator (HANNES): a novel modular neurointerventional simulator designed to provide a realistic platform for simulating various neurovascular pathologies and their endovascular therapies. Collaboratively developed by physicians and engineers, the neurointerventional simulator is designed with a modular product architecture combining standardized and variant modules to represent different training scenarios. The additively manufactured patient-based and patient-specific blood vessel tree consists of up to 13 individual components, including standardized features and interfaces for ease of connection. Patient-specific vessel models derived from medical imaging data allow customization and complexity adjustment. HANNES supports diverse neurointerventional training scenarios, including various modalities of aneurysm embolization, internal carotid artery (ICA)-stenosis, and thrombotic vessel occlusions, which can be treated through a transradial or transfemoral approach. The use and benefits of the model were evaluated with a group of trainees, who provided positive feedback, confirming the model's practicality and effectiveness in enhancing neurointerventional technical skills. In conclusion, HANNES represents a significant advancement in neurointerventional training, addressing the limitations of traditional training methods by simulating diverse disease patterns, enhancing medical staff's skills, and facilitating product testing. © 2025 by ASME.

关键词： Blood vessels

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Middle Meningeal Artery Model for Training Endovascular Treatment of Chronic Subdural Hematomas in Interventional Neuroradiology

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Journal of engineering and Science in Medical Diagnostics and Therapy 2025年第3期8卷 031017页

作者： Sobirey, Eve Schmiech, Jonte Wegner, Marie Flottmann, Fabian Bechstein, Matthias Jungnitz, Maximilian Oertel, Martin Fiehler, Jens Krause, Dieter Institute of Product Development and Mechanical Engineering Design Hamburg University of Technology Denickestr. 17 Hamburg21073 Germany Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf Martinistraße 52 Hamburg20251 Germany

关键词： Radiotherapy

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Reading Users’ Minds With Large Language Models: Mental Inference for Artificial Empathy in design

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Journal of Mechanical design 2025年第6期147卷 061401页

作者： Zhu, Qihao Chong, Leah Yang, Maria Luo, Jianxi Engineering Product Development Pillar Singapore University of Technology and Design 8 Somapah Road Singapore487372 Singapore Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Systems Engineering City University of Hong Kong 83 Tat Chee Ave Kowloon Tong Hong Kong

In human-centered design, developing a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of user experiences—empathic understanding—is paramount for designing products that truly meet human needs. Nevertheless, accurately comprehending the real underlying mental states of a large human population remains a significant challenge today. This difficulty mainly arises from the tradeoff between depth and scale of user experience research: gaining in-depth insights from a small group of users does not easily scale to a larger population, and vice versa. This paper investigates the use of large language models (LLMs) for performing mental inference tasks, specifically inferring users’ underlying goals and fundamental psychological needs (FPNs). Baseline and benchmark datasets were collected from human users and designers to develop an empathic accuracy metric for measuring the mental inference performance of LLMs. The empathic accuracy of inferring goals and FPNs of different LLMs with varied zero-shot prompt engineering techniques are experimented against that of human designers. Experimental results suggest that LLMs can infer and understand the underlying goals and FPNs of users with performance comparable to that of human designers, suggesting a promising avenue for enhancing the scalability of empathic design approaches through the integration of advanced artificial intelligence technologies. This work has the potential to significantly augment the toolkit available to designers during human-centered design, enabling the development of both large-scale and in-depth understanding of users’ experiences. Copyright © 2025 by ASME.

关键词： User centered design

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Transforming desalination brine into highly reactive magnesium oxide and life cycle analysis

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Watershed Ecology and the Environment 2025年 7卷 36-46页

作者： Senevirathna, Hasanthi L. Lee, W.P. Cathie Wu, Shunnian Bai, Kewu Wu, Ping Entropic Interface Group Engineering Product Development Singapore University of Technology and Design 8 Somapah Road 487372 Singapore Institute of High-Performance Computing Agency for Science Technology and Research Fusionopolis Way #16-16 Connexis 138632 Singapore

The sustainable production of magnesium oxide (MgO) from reject brine at a desalination facility in Singapore presents a promising alternative to traditional building materials. This study investigates the properties and extraction methods of MgO derived from reject brine, focusing on environmental sustainability and resource efficiency. By utilizing a combination of thermodynamic modelling of concentrated salt aqueous solutions and experimental validation, we optimized the recovery process for Mg²⁺ from reject brine, achieving an impressive 99 % recovery rate to produce MgO with ∼ 98 % purity. The MgO produced, calcined at 700 °C, exhibits high reactivity and a large surface area of 58.01 m²/g, making it a highly viable option for various industrial applications. This approach addresses reject brine disposal challenges and emphasizes brine valorization, aligning with strict environmental regulations by treating both freshwater and concentrated brine as valuable products. The technology enables cost-effective reject brine treatment by recycling Mg²⁺ to produce sustainable Mg-based materials. A comprehensive Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was conducted to evaluate the environmental impact of MgO production from reject brine. This analysis provides a thorough examination of the transformation process, assessing the sustainability of employing MgO in commercial applications. The findings of this study offer valuable insights for enhancing sustainability in various sectors, underscoring the promise of MgO as an environmentally friendly and cost-effective material. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： CO2 emission MgO Reactivity Reject brine Solution model

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Methodology for Cost Estimation using Characteristic Factors in Additive Manufacturing

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Funtai Oyobi Fummatsu Yakin/Journal of the Japan Society of Powder and Powder Metallurgy 2025年 72卷 S75-S82页

作者： Asami, Karim Herzog, Dirk Deutschmann, Torben Röver, Tim Kelbassa, Ingomar Emmelmann, Claus Hamburg University of Technology Am Schwarzenberg-Campus 1 Hamburg21073 Germany Institute of Laser and Systems Technology Harburger Schloßstraße 28 Hamburg21079 Germany Institute for Industrialization of Smart Materials Eißendorfer Straße 40 Hamburg21073 Germany Institute of Product Development and Mechanical Engineering Design Denickestraße 17 Hamburg21073 Germany

The cost of additive manufacturing (AM) processes is today typically higher than traditional manufacturing processes such as casting or machining for series production, particularly of medium and large batches. A fair comparison is often complex, since the true costs of the AM part become only visible after leveraging the design freedom through a design-for-AM (DfAM) process. Thus, for the analysis of the manufacturing costs of additively manufactured parts versus conventional production methods a simplified cost estimation model based on component volume is introduced. Considering at first the same volume as in the conventional part design, the price for the component using powder bed fusion and sinter-based AM methods is approximated. The resulting, typically higher costs are then transduced into a weight saving requirement for matching the costs of the conventional process. Finally, this requirement is assessed against the typical weight saving potentials of each technology to predict the economic feasibility. ©2025 Japan Society of Powder and Powder Metallurgy.

关键词： Sintering

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Characterization of the electrical, acoustic, and thermal insulating properties of biodegradable chito-cellulosic structural composites

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Sustainable Materials and Technologies 2025年 44卷

作者： P.V., Ajay Kumar Ng, Shiwei Chong, Yung Boon Lee, Heow Pueh Dritsas, Stylianos G. Fernandez, Javier Engineering Product Development Department Singapore University of Technology and Design 8 Somaph Road 487372 Singapore Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singapore 9 Engineering Drive 1 117575 Singapore Architecture and Sustainable Design Department Singapore University of Technology and Design 8 Somaph Road 487372 Singapore Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia Carrer de Baldiri Reixac 10 Barcelona08028 Spain ICREA Passeig Lluís Companys 23 Barcelona08010 Spain

Insulation materials are essential for engineering efficiency, as they directly reduce energy losses or eliminate the need for extra components to compensate for them. However, most insulation materials are non-biodegradable polymers that significantly contribute to environmental degradation during production and disposal. This study explores the use of bioinspired chito-cellulosic materials —a family of biological composites known in structural applications for their low cost, versatile manufacturing, and ecological integration— as sustainable insulation. The study compares three chito-cellulosic variants with different cellulose compositions and evaluates their electrical, thermal, and acoustic insulation capabilities, as well as flammability, biodegradability, environmental impact, and mechanical properties. The insulating results are compared to conventional polyurethane foams, demonstrating lower thermal insulation capabilities, similar electrical insulation, and better acoustic insulation. Moreover, they offer the advantages of being 3D-printable, fully biodegradable in environmental conditions, and fireproof, highlighting their potential as a viable green alternative to synthetic insulators. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Cleaner production

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Optimizing hollow fiber membrane oxygenators: A multi-objective approach for improved gas exchange and reduced blood damage

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Journal of Membrane Science 2025年 731卷

作者： Seyyed Hossein Monsefi Estakhrposhti Jing Jing Xu Margit Gföhler Michael Harasek Institute of Engineering Design and Product Development TU Wien Austria Institute of Chemical Environmental and Bioscience Engineering TU Wien Austria

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation provides life-saving support for patients with severe heart and lung dysfunction; however, its implementation is associated with significant complications, including hemolysis and thrombosis. These complications address the need for an improved design of hollow fiber membrane oxygenators. This study presents a multi-objective optimization framework aiming to enhance the gas exchange efficiency while minimizing blood damage. A 2D computational fluid dynamics model, validated with micro-PIV measurements, was developed to simulate 200 fiber configurations defined by three geometric parameters (fiber diameter, distance-to-diameter ratio, and angle) and a flow parameter (blood flow rate). Specific CO 2 removal, dead-zone-to-total-area ratio, and hemolysis index were established as objectives, representing gas exchange efficiency, thrombosis potential within the membrane module, and hemolysis, respectively. Objectives were modeled using multivariate polynomial functions with unknown exponents and determined using the modified enhanced Jaya algorithm. Single-objective and multi-objective optimization were performed using Pareto front solutions, followed by weighted sum and goal programming methods to identify optimal arrangements. The findings demonstrated that the maximum obtained specific CO 2 removal, dead-zone-to-total-area ratio, and hemolysis index are 250.3 mL CO 2 min -1 m -2 , 0.0254 %, and 0.011 × 10 −3 %, respectively. Furthermore, this study identifies the distance-to-diameter ratio as the key factor affecting all the objectives. Finally, the calculated optimal configuration from both weighted sum and goal programming methods suggests that the best configuration includes low angle, small diameter, and relatively moderate distance-to-diameter ratio, and high blood flow rate.

关键词： Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) Multi-objective optimization Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) Modified enhanced jaya Pareto front solutions

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Simulation and Experiment of Windage Power Loss of A Shrouded Spiral Bevel Gears under Oil Injection Lubrication

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical engineering 2025年第2期 413-432页

作者： Bo Li Kai Rong Xuyang Zhang Sanmin Wang U-Xuan Tan Xuanyuan Su Laifa Tao School of Mechanical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Department of Engineering Product Development Singapore University of Technology and Design Hangzhou International Innovation Institute Beihang University National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Reliability and Environmental Engineering School of Reliability and Systems Engineering Beihang University

During high-speed rotation, the surface of aeronautic spiral bevel gears will generate significant pressure and viscous forces, which will cause a certain amount of windage power loss and reduce the efficiency of the transmission system. Based on the computational fluid dynamics, this paper analyzes the windage power loss of a single spiral bevel gear and a spiral bevel gear pair under oil injection lubrication. In addition, the shroud is used to suppress gear windage loss, and the clearance size and opening angle of the designed shroud are optimized. Finally, by comparing and analyzing the experimental results, the following conclusions were obtained:(1) For a single gear, the speed is the most important factor affecting windage loss, followed by the hand of spiral, and rotation direction;(2) For gear pairs, under oil injection lubrication, the input speed has the greatest impact on windage power loss, followed by the influence of oil injection port speed, temperature and oil injection port pressure;(3) Installing a shroud is an effective method to reduce windage power loss;(4) In the pure air phase, the smaller the clearance between the shroud and the gear surface, and the smaller the radial direction between the shroud and the shaft, the better the effect of reducing windage;(5) In the two-phase flow of oil and gas, it is necessary to design oil drainage holes on the shroud to ensure the smooth discharge of lubricating oil and improve the drag reduction effect.

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Intelligently Augmented Contrastive Tensor Factorization: Empowering multi-dimensional time series classification in low-data environments

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Expert Systems with Applications 2025年 287卷

作者： Arunan, Anushiya Qin, Yan Li, Xiaoli Yuen, Chau Engineering Product Development Pillar Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore 487372 Singapore Institute for Infocomm Research Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore 138632 Singapore School of Automation Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore

Classification of multi-dimensional time series from real-world systems require fine-grained learning of complex features such as cross-dimensional dependencies and intra-class variations—all under the practical challenge of low training data availability. However, standard deep learning (DL) struggles to learn generalizable features in low-data environments due to model overfitting. We propose a versatile yet data-efficient framework, Intelligently Augmented Contrastive Tensor Factorization (ITA-CTF), to learn effective representations from multi-dimensional time series. The CTF module learns core explanatory components of the time series (e.g., sensor factors, temporal factors), and importantly, their joint dependencies. Notably, unlike standard tensor factorization (TF), the CTF module incorporates a new contrastive loss optimization to induce similarity learning and class-awareness into the learnt representations for better classification performance. To strengthen this contrastive learning, the preceding ITA module generates targeted but informative augmentations that highlight realistic intra-class patterns in the original data, while preserving class-wise properties. This is achieved by dynamically sampling a “soft” class prototype to guide the warping of each query data sample, which results in an augmentation that is intelligently pattern-mixed between the “soft” class prototype and the query sample. These augmentations enable the CTF module to recognize complex intra-class variations despite the limited original training data, and seek out invariant class-wise properties for accurate classification performance. The proposed method is comprehensively evaluated on five different classification tasks, including extremely challenging tasks such as fault localization with more than 50 classes. Compared to standard TF and several DL benchmarks, notable performance improvements up to 18.7% were achieved. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Contrastive learning Dynamic data augmentation Fine-grained classification Multi-dimensional time series Similarity matching

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Thermal and thermoelectric response from Keldysh formalism with application to gapped Dirac fermions

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Chinese Physics B 2015年第4期24卷 420-424页

作者：朱国宝杨慧敏杨声远 Department of Physics and Electronic Engineering Heze University Institute of Theoretical Physics Heze University Engineering Product Development Singapore University of Technology and Design

Based on the Keldysh Green’s functions theory, we present a general formula of the thermal and thermoelectric transport. In the clean limit, our formula recovers the previous results obtained from the semiclassical transport *** our approach, we propose an appropriate energy current operator and electric current operator, and the unphysical divergence from the direct application of the Kubo formula is eliminated. As an application, we study the thermal and the thermoelectric Hall conductivities of a gapped Dirac fermion model in the presence of impurity scattering.

关键词： thermal thermoelectric Green’s function

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