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1998 IEEE Symposium on Volume Visualization, VVS 1998

作者： Breen, David E. Mauch, Sean Whitaker, Ross T. California Institute of Technology Computer Graphics Laboratory Caltech MS 348-74 PasadenaCA91125 United States 330 Ferris Hall Department of Electrical Engineering University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN37996-2100 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1581131054

A distance volume is a volume dataset where the value stored at each voxel is the shortest distance to the surface of the object being represented by the volume. Distance volumes are a useful representation in a num-berof computer graphics applications. In this paperwe present a technique for generating a distance volume with sub-voxel accuracy from one type of geometric model, a Constructive Solid Geometry (CSG) model consisting of superellipsoid primitives. The distance volume is generated in a two step process. The first step calculates the shortest distance to the CSG model at a set of points within a narrow band around the evaluated surface. Additionally, a second set of points, labeled the zero set, which lies on the CSG model's surface are computed. A point in the zero set is associated with each point in the narrow band. Once the narrow band and zero set are calculated, a Fast Marching Method is employed to propagate the shortest distance and closest point information out to the remaining voxels in the volume. Our technique has been used to scan convert a number of CSG models, producing distance volumes which have been utilized in a variety of computer graphics applications, e.g. CSG surface evaluation, offset surface generation, and 3-D model morphing. Copyright 1998 IEEE.

关键词： Three dimensional computer graphics

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iFall - a new embedded system for the detection of unexpected falls

iFall - a new embedded system for the detection of unexpecte...

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IEEE Annual Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops (PerCom)

作者： Ralf Salomon Marian Lüder Gerald Bieber Faculty of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Rostock Rostock Germany Fraunhofer-Institute of Computer Graphics Rostock Rostock Germany

This paper describes a new embedded system, called iFall, for the detection of unexpected falls for elderly people. In combination with a new sensors system and the monitoring of its own rotation, iFall is able to detect a fall in its very beginning. It is thus able to initiate some emergency actions, such as inflating a tiny airbag, in order to alleviate a fall's consequences, primarily potential injuries. In that respect, iFall is unique. It's physical properties, such as size, weight, and energy resources, make it almost invisible, so that it can be worn at any time at any occasion by any person.

关键词： Embedded system Senior citizens Injuries Sensor systems Acceleration computer science Hardware Biomedical monitoring Wrist Wearable sensors

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$\hbox{MAWA}^{\ast}$—A Memory-Bounded Anytime Heuristic-Search Algorithm

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IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B (Cybernetics) 2011年第3期41卷 725-735页

作者： Satya Gautam Vadlamudi Sandip Aine Partha Pratim Chakrabarti Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur India Mentor Graphics Private Limited San Jose CA USA

This paper presents a heuristic-search algorithm called Memory-bounded Anytime Window A*(MAWA*), which is complete, anytime, and memory bounded. MAWA* uses the window-bounded anytime-search methodology of AWA* as the basic framework and combines it with the memory-bounded A* -like approach to handle restricted memory situations. Simple and efficient versions of MAWA* targeted for tree search have also been presented. Experimental results of the sliding-tile puzzle problem and the traveling-salesman problem show the significant advantages of the proposed algorithm over existing methods.

关键词： Heuristic algorithms Memory management Algorithm design and analysis Cybernetics Search problems Data structures

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Towards a harmonic complexity of musical pieces 14

Towards a harmonic complexity of musical pieces

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14th Annual Workshop on DAtabases, TExts, Specifications and Objects, DATESO 2014

作者： Maršík, Ladislav Pokorný, Jaroslav Ilčík, Martin Dept. of Software Engineering Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Charles University Malostranské nám. 25 Prague Czech Republic Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms Vienna University of Technology Favoritenstraße 9-11 Vienna Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9788001054826

Music information retrieval (MIR) is small, but fast growing discipline. It aims at extraction of relevant information from music in order to improve the work with multimedia information systems. A popular approach in MIR is to apply signal processing techniques to extract low-level features from a musical piece. However, in order to create helpful applications, high-level concepts, such as music harmony, need to be examined as well. In this paper, we present a new model for understanding music harmony in computer systems. The proposed model takes the challenge of filling the gap between music theory and mathematical structures. Inspired by the computational complexity, we then derive a new term, harmonic complexity, that can be evaluated for a musical piece, and we test it on a genre classification problem.

关键词： Harmonic analysis

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Implementation of real-time duplex synthetic aperture ultrasonography

Implementation of real-time duplex synthetic aperture ultras...

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IEEE Symposium (IUS) Ultrasonics

作者： Martin Christian Hemmsen Lee Lassen Thomas Kjeldsen Jesper Mosegaard Jørgen Arendt Jensen Department of Electrical Engineering Technical University of Denmark Lyngby Denmark Computer Graphics Lab Alexandra Institute Denmark

ISBN: (纸本)9781479981830

This paper presents a real-time duplex synthetic aperture imaging system, implemented on a commercially available tablet. This includes real-time wireless reception of ultrasound signals and GPU processing for B-mode and Color Flow Imaging (CFM). The objective of the work is to investigate the implementation complexity and processing demands. The image processing is performed using the principle of Synthetic Aperture Sequential Beamforming (SASB) and the flow estimator is implemented using the cross-correlation estimator. Results are evaluated using a HTC Nexus 9 tablet and a BK Medical BK3000 ultrasound scanner emulating a wireless probe. The duplex imaging setup consists of interleaved B-mode and CFM frames. The required data throughput for real-time imaging is 36.1 MB/s. The measured data throughput peaked at 39.562 MB/s, covering the requirement for real-time data transfer and overhead in the TCP/IP protocol. Benchmarking of real-time imaging showed a total processing time of 25.7 ms (39 frames/s) which is less than the acquisition time (29.4 ms). In conclusion, the proposed implementation demonstrates that both B-mode and CFM can be executed in-time for real-time ultrasound imaging and that the required bandwidth between the probe and processing unit is within the current Wi-Fi standards.

关键词： Imaging graphics processing units Real-time systems Apertures Wireless communication Ultrasonic imaging Throughput

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Mechanism of a learning robot manipulator for laparoscopic surgical training

Mechanism of a learning robot manipulator for laparoscopic s...

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12th International Conference on Intelligent Autonomous Systems, IAS 2012

作者： Yang, Tao Liu, Jiang Huang, Weimin Su, Yi Yang, Liangjing Chui, Chee Kong Ang Jr., Marcelo H. Chang, Stephen K. Y. Dept. of Computer Graphics and Interface Dept. of Computer Vision and Image Understanding Institute for Infocomm Research Singapore Singapore Dept. of Computing Science Institute of High Performance Computing Singapore Singapore Dept. of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Dept. of Surgery National University Hospital Singapore Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9783642339318

This paper presents a robot manipulator for hand-over-hand guidance training of laparoscopic surgery. Details of the mechanical design, kinematic analysis and control mechanism of the robot are presented. The robot records motion of surgical tool manipulated by master surgeon, and provides physical guidance to the trainee based on the recorded motion. The robotic manipulator can accurately reproduce the five degree of freedom manipulation of laparoscopic instrument during surgery. A hybrid spherical mechanism is applied for decoupling and reproducing the motion of surgical tool to facilitate implementation of control mechanism. The manipulators for left and right hands are capable of precise execution of a recorded trajectory with observed maximum error of 2.12 mm and 2 mm respectively during an experiment on user interaction. © 2013 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Laparoscopy

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The 14th International Symposium on Visual Information Communication and Interaction

ACM International Conference Proceeding Series

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ACM International Conference Proceeding Series 2021年

作者： Klein, Karsten Burch, Michael Limberger, Daniel Trapp, Matthias Computer Graphics Systems Group The Hasso Plattner Institute Digital Engineering Faculty University of Potsdam Potsdam Germany

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Adaptive reconstruction of freeform objects with 3D SOM neural network grids

Adaptive reconstruction of freeform objects with 3D SOM neur...

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Pacific Conference on computer graphics and Applications

作者： J. Barhak A. Fischer CMSR Laboratory for Computer Graphics and CAD Department of Mechanical Engineering Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel

Reverse engineering is an important process in CAD systems today. Yet several open problems lead to a bottleneck in the reverse engineering process. First, because the topology of the object to be reconstructed is unknown, point connectivity relations are undefined. Second, the fitted surface must satisfy global and local shape preservation criteria that are undefined explicitly. In reverse engineering, object reconstruction is based both on parameterization and on fitting. Nevertheless, the above problems are influenced mainly by parameterization. In order to overcome the above problems, the paper proposes a neural network, Self Organizing Map (SOM) method, for creating a 3D parametric grid. The main advantage of the proposed SOM method is that it detects both the orientation of the grid and the position of the sub-boundaries. The neural network grid converges to the sampled shape through an adaptive learning process. The SOM method is applied directly on 3D sampled data and avoids the projection anomalies common to other methods. The paper also presents boundary correction and growing grid extensions to the SOM method. In the surface fitting stage, an RSEC (Random Surface Error Correction) fitting method based on the SOM method was developed and implemented.

关键词： Neural networks Surface fitting Reverse engineering Surface reconstruction Shape Spline Laser modes Data mining Jacobian matrices Laboratories

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Block-based normalized-cut algorithm for image segmentation

Block-based normalized-cut algorithm for image segmentation

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作者： Song, Haiyu Li, Xiongfei Wang, Pengjie Chen, Jingrun Key Laboratory of Symbol Computation and Knowledge Engineering Ministry of Education Jilin University Changchun China Institute of Computer Graphics and Image Processing Dalian Nationalities University Dalian China State Key Laboratory of CAD and CG Zhejiang University Hangzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9783642051722

Automatic image segmentation remains a challenging problem in the fields of computer vision, image analysis and understanding. A lot of algorithms and technologies have been proposed and developed for image segmentation, among which the N-cut has been a promising method and active research area due to better quality. But the N-cut can't process medium and large image dataset online due to incredible memory and time complexity. Moreover, the N-cut algorithm can't utilize texture information since its basic unit of clustering algorithm is pixel. To overcome the drawback and improve the description power, the paper proposes a block-based N-cut algorithm for image segmentation, whose basic unit of clustering is image block instead of individual pixel. Block-based algorithm not only decreases the time and storage complexity, but also improves the discrimination power of visual feature vector. The experiments demonstrate that proposed algorithm outperform the original N-cut algorithm in efficiency. Experiments show that the proposed block-based N-cut algorithm is more suitable for online processing large-scale data. © 2010 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

关键词： Image segmentation

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Topology recognition of 3D closed freeform objects based on topological graphs

Topology recognition of 3D closed freeform objects based on ...

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Pacific Conference on computer graphics and Applications

作者： D. Steiner A. Fischer CMSR Laboratory for Computer Graphics and CAD Department of Mechanical Engineering Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel

ISBN: (纸本)0769512275

Reverse engineering (RE) deals with an enormous number of irregular and scattered digitized points that require intensive processing in order to reconstruct the surfaces of an object. Surface reconstruction of freeform objects is based on geometrical and topological criteria. Current fitting methods reconstruct an object using a bottom-up approach, from points to a dense mesh, and finally into smoothed connected freeform sub-surfaces. This type of reconstruction, however, can cause topological problems that lead to undesired surface fitting results. Such problems are particularly common with concave shapes. To avoid problems of this type, the paper proposes a new method that automatically detects the topological structure of an object as a base for surface fitting. The topological reconstruction method described in the paper is based on two stages: (1) creating 3D non-self-intersecting iso-curves from a 3D triangular mesh and (2) extracting a topological graph. The feasibility of the proposed topological reconstruction method is demonstrated on several examples using freeform objects with complex topologies.

关键词： Topology Surface fitting Surface reconstruction Shape Reconstruction algorithms Reverse engineering Laboratories computer graphics Mechanical engineering Scattering

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