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arXiv 2023年

作者： Foszner, Pawel Szczęsna, Agnieszka Ciampi, Luca Messina, Nicola Cygan, Adam Bizon, Bartosz Cogiel, Michal Golba, Dominik Macioszek, Elżbieta Staniszewski, Michal Department of Computer Graphics Vision and Digital Systems Faculty of Automatic Control Electronics and Computer Science Silesian University of Technology Gliwice Poland Institute of Information Science and Technologies National Research Council Pisa Italy QSystems.pro sp. z o.o. Mochnackiego 34 Bytom41-907 Poland Blees sp. z o.o. Zygmunta Starego 24a/10 Gliwice44-100 Poland Department of Transport Systems Traffic Engineering and Logistics Faculty of Transport and Aviation Engineering Silesian University of Technology Katowice Poland

Data scarcity has become one of the main obstacles to developing supervised models based on Artificial Intelligence in computer Vision. Indeed, Deep Learning-based models systematically struggle when applied in new scenarios never seen during training and may not be adequately tested in non-ordinary yet crucial real-world situations. This paper presents and publicly releases CrowdSim2, a new synthetic collection of images suitable for people and vehicle detection gathered from a simulator based on the Unity graphical engine. It consists of thousands of images gathered from various synthetic scenarios resembling the real world, where we varied some factors of interest, such as the weather conditions and the number of objects in the scenes. The labels are automatically collected and consist of bounding boxes that precisely localize objects belonging to the two object classes, leaving out humans from the annotation pipeline. We exploited this new benchmark as a testing ground for some state-of-the-art detectors, showing that our simulated scenarios can be a valuable tool for measuring their performances in a controlled environment. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Object detection

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Quantum Yield Bias in Materials With Lower Absorptance

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Physical Review Applied 2019年第2期12卷 024022-024022页

作者： Bart van Dam Benjamin Bruhn Ivo Kondapaneni Gejza Dohnal Alexander Wilkie Jaroslav Křivánek Jan Valenta Yvo D. Mudde Peter Schall Kateřina Dohnalová Institute of Physics University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam Netherlands Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Computer Graphics Group KSVI Charles University Malostranské náměstí 25 Prague 1 CZ-11800 Czech Republic Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague Karlovo náměstí 13 121 35 Prague 2 Czech Republic Department of Chemical Physics and Optics Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Charles University Ke Karlovu 3 Prague 2 CZ-121 16 Czech Republic

Photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield (QY), which is defined as the ratio of emitted to absorbed photons, is the central quantity that characterizes light-emitting materials. It is an important parameter to assess the light efficiency of new materials, as well as identify novel photophysical mechanisms. While QY measurements are performed as standard in research and industry, accurate measurements are challenging. Here, we show that, besides known inaccuracies, PL QY measurements exhibit a surprising systematic bias. QY values are underestimated by a factor of two or more for samples with lower absorption, which can even lead to misinterpretation of results. We combine PL QY measurements of diluted Rhodamine 6G and two different semiconductor quantum dot solutions, via the standard integrating sphere method, with analytical modeling and ray-tracing simulations and find that, independent of the setup and luminescence mechanism, all measurements suffer from the same systematic underestimation of the QY. Through statistical analysis of the measured emitted and absorbed photon numbers, we uncover the origin of this underestimation in the asymmetry of the ratio distribution for low absorption, together with setup-specific features, such as signal offsets and nonlinearities. We suggest a robust calibration procedure to correct for this bias for precise evaluation of the QY in materials used for bioimaging, biosensing, and optoelectronic or photovoltaic devices.

关键词： Light propagation, transmission & absorption Metrology Optoelectronics Semiconductor quantum optics Optical spectroscopy Optical techniques Photoluminescence Photon counting

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HTC vive mevislab integration via openVR for medical applications

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Egger Gall, Markus Wallner, Jürgen Boechat, Pedro Hann, Alexander Li, Xing Chen, Xiaojun Schmalstieg, Dieter Institute of Computer Graphics and Vision Graz University of Technology Inffeldgasse 16c/II Graz Austria BioTechMed-Graz Krenngasse 37/1 Graz Austria Medical University of Graz Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Auenbruggerplatz 5/1 Graz Austria Department of Internal Medicine I Ulm University Albert-Einstein-Allee 23 Ulm Germany Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai China

Virtual Reality, an immersive technology that replicates an environment via computer-simulated reality, gets a lot of attention in the entertainment industry. However, VR has also great potential in other areas, like the medical domain, Examples are intervention planning, training and simulation. This is especially of use in medical operations, where an aesthetic outcome is important, like for facial surgeries. Alas, importing medical data into Virtual Reality devices is not necessarily trivial, in particular, when a direct connection to a proprietary application is desired. Moreover, most researcher do not build their medical applications from scratch, but rather leverage platforms like MeVisLab, MITK, OsiriX or 3D Slicer. These platforms have in common that they use libraries like ITK and VTK, and provide a convenient graphical interface. However, ITK and VTK do not support Virtual Reality directly. In this study, the usage of a Virtual Reality device for medical data under the MeVisLab platform is presented. The OpenVR library is integrated into the MeVisLab platform, allowing a direct and uncomplicated usage of the head mounted display HTC Vive inside the MeVisLab platform. Medical data coming from other MeVisLab modules can directly be connected per drag-and-drop to the Virtual Reality module, rendering the data inside the HTC Vive for immersive virtual reality inspection. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Virtual reality

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RFA-Cut: Semi-automatic Segmentation of Radiofrequency Ablation Zones with and without Needles via Optimal s-t-Cuts

RFA-Cut: Semi-automatic Segmentation of Radiofrequency Ablat...

引用

Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

作者： Jan Egger Harald Busse Philipp Brandmaier Daniel Seider Matthias Gawlitza Steffen Strocka Philip Voglreiter Mark Dokter Michael Hofmann Bernhard Kainz Xiaojun Chen Alexander Hann Pedro Boechat Wei Yu Bernd Freisleben Tuomas Alhonnoro Mika Pollari Michael Moche Dieter Schmalstieg Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision Graz University of Technology Austria Dept. of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Leipzig University Hospital Germany Dept. of Computing Imperial College London UK School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Dept. of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology Katharinenhospital Stuttgart Germany Distributed Systems Group Philipp University of Marburg Germany School of Science Aalto University Espoo Finland

ISBN: (纸本)9781424492695

In this contribution, we present a semi-automatic segmentation algorithm for radiofrequency ablation (RFA) zones via optimal s-t-cuts. Our interactive graph-based approach builds upon a polyhedron to construct the graph and was specifically designed for computed tomography (CT) acquisitions from patients that had RFA treatments of Hepatocellular Carcinomas (HCC). For evaluation, we used twelve post-interventional CT datasets from the clinical routine and as evaluation metric we utilized the Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC), which is commonly accepted for judging computer aided medical segmentation tasks. Compared with pure manual slice-by-slice expert segmentations from interventional radiologists, we were able to achieve a DSC of about eighty percent, which is sufficient for our clinical needs. Moreover, our approach was able to handle images containing (DSC=75.9%) and not containing (78.1%) the RFA needles still in place. Additionally, we found no statistically significant difference (p<0.423) between the segmentation results of the subgroups for a Mann-Whitney test. Finally, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first time a segmentation approach for CT scans including the RFA needles is reported and we show why another state-of-the-art segmentation method fails for these cases. Intraoperative scans including an RFA probe are very critical in the clinical practice and need a very careful segmentation and inspection to avoid under-treatment, which may result in tumor recurrence (up to 40%). If the decision can be made during the intervention, an additional ablation can be performed without removing the entire needle. This decreases the patient stress and associated risks and costs of a separate intervention at a later date. Ultimately, the segmented ablation zone containing the RFA needle can be used for a precise ablation simulation as the real needle position is known.

关键词： RFA decreases patient stress

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Interactive Simulation and Visualization of Lamb Wave Propagation in Isotropic and Anisotropic Structures

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2011年第1期305卷

作者： J Moll C Rezk-Salama R T Schulte T Klinkert C -P Fritzen A Kolb Institute of Mechanics and Control Engineering – Mechatronics University of Siegen Germany Mediadesign University of Applied Science Düsseldorf Germany Computer Graphics and Multimedia Systems University of Siegen Germany

Structural health monitoring systems allow a continuous surveillance of the structural integrity of operational systems. As a result, it is possible to reduce time and costs for maintenance without decreasing the level of safety. In this paper, an integrated simulation and visualization environment is presented that enables a detailed study of Lamb wave propagation in isotropic and anisotropic materials. Thus, valuable information about the nature of Lamb wave propagation and its interaction with structural defects become available. The well-known spectral finite element method is implemented to enable a time-efficient calculation of the wave propagation problem. The results are displayed in an interactive visualization framework accounting for the human perception that is much more sensitive to motion than to changes in color. In addition, measurements have been conducted experimentally to record the full out-of-plane wave-field using a Laser-Doppler vibrometry setup. An aluminum structure with two synthetic cuts has been investigated, where the elongated defects have a different orientation with respect to the piezoelectric actuator. The resulting wave-field is also displayed interactively showing that the scattered wave-field at the defect is highly directional.

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Erratum to “A Fully On-Line Adaptive BCI”

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IEEE Transactions on Biomedical engineering 2006年第8期53卷 1728-1728页

作者： C. Vidaurre A. Schlogl R. Cabeza R. Scherer G. Pfurtscheller Department of Electrical Engineering and Electonics State University of Navarra Campus Arrosadia s/n Pamplona Spain Institute of Human-Computer Interfaces Department of Electrical Engineering and Electonics State University of Navarra Pamplona Spain BCI-Lab Institute for Computer Graphics Graz University of Technology Graz Austria

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INNOVATIONS IN computer-AIDED-DESIGN OF MARINE TURBINES USING INTERACTIVE graphics

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1980年第2期92卷 207-217页

作者： GINGRICH, JK WINTER, RL Mr. John K. Gingrich joined the General Electric Company after his graduation from Lafayette College in 1948. His early assignments were with the General Engineering Laboratory and the Knolls Atomic Power Laboratory in Schenectady. N. Y. He joined the Marine Turbine and Gear Department in 1968 as Manager Engineering Administration. and assumed his present assignment as Manager Engineering Resource Planning & Administration in 1976. Mr. Gingrich was instrumental in procuring the Interactive Graphics System for the Medium Steam Department. having headed up the Study Team and is now responsible for the Interactive Graphics Systems management including new procurements. He is a member of the American Institute of Design Drafting and is currently the Chairman of the Computer-Aided Drafting Committee in that organization. Mr. Reinhold L. Winter is a graduate of the General Electric Apprentice Program and Salem State College from which he received his B.S. degree in Business Administration. He has nineteen years experience with the General Electric Company including eight years in Business Systems and Programming two years in Computer Operations Management and six years in his present position as Manager Engineering Business Systems. He was a member of the original Study Team that investigated and selected the present Applicon Interactive Graphics (IAG) equipment and currently is responsible for the management of software and hardware support for the ZAG Facility.

This paper discusses the Interactive graphics System used by the General Electric Company, Medium Steam Turbine Department (engineering & Manufacturing) for designing, drafting, and manufacturing applications. A brief overview of the hardware malting up the system is described, followed by a more detailed description of the actual applications. Two-dimensional applications described include a Heat Balance Analysis, Flow Diagrams, and Electrical Schematics. A more fruitful area for increased productivity gains is described in the three-dimensional or mechanical applications including turbine design & layout and bucket design. coordination of the design with manufacturing for numerical control tape generation is described through CAM and Plate Frame Cutting applications. Finally, a short review of the engineering design work using Interactive graphics is discussed. Productivity gains of 2.6 to 1 are being realized, and the overall savings to the Medium Steam Department are outlined.

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Clinical evaluation of semi-automatic opensource algorithmic software segmentation of the mandibular bone: Practical feasibility and assessment of a new course of action

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Wallner, Jürgen Hochegger, Kerstin Chen, Xiaojun Mischak, Irene Reinbacher, Knut Pau, Mauro Zrnc, Tomislav Schwenzer-Zimmerer, Katja Zemann, Wolfgang Schmalstieg, Dieter Egger, Jan Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Medical University of Graz Auenbruggerplatz 5/1 Graz Austria Laboratory Graz Austria Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision Graz University of Technology Inffeldgasse 16c/II Graz Austria School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Department of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Medical University of Graz Billrothgasse 4 Graz Austria BioTechMed-Graz Krenngasse 37/1 Graz Austria

Introduction: computer assisted technologies based on algorithmic software segmentation are an increasing topic of interest in complex surgical cases. However-due to functional instability, time consuming software processes, personnel resources or licensed-based financial costs many segmentation processes are often outsourced from clinical centers to third parties and the industry. Therefore, the aim of this trial was to assess the practical feasibility of an easy available, functional stable and licensed-free segmentation approach to be used in the clinical practice. Material and methods: In this retrospective, randomized, controlled trail the accuracy and accordance of the opensource based segmentation algorithm GrowCut was assessed through the comparison to the manually generated ground truth of the same anatomy using 10 CT lower jaw data-sets from the clinical routine. Assessment parameters were the segmentation time, the volume, the voxel number, the Dice Score and the Hausdorff distance. Results: Overall semi-automatic GrowCut segmentation times were about one minute. Mean Dice Score values of over 85% and Hausdorff Distances below 33.5 voxel could be achieved between the algorithmic GrowCut-based segmentations and the manual generated ground truth schemes. Statistical differences between the assessment parameters were not significant (p0.94) for any of the comparison made between the two groups. Discussion: Complete functional stable and time saving segmentations with high accuracy and high positive correlation could be performed by the presented interactive open-source based approach. In the cranio-maxillofacial complex the used method could represent an algorithmic alternative for image-based segmentation in the clinical practice for e.g. surgical treatment planning or visualization of postoperative results and offers several advantages. Due to an open-source basis the used method could be further developed by other groups or specialists. Systematic compari

关键词： Geometry

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High-resolution contrast enhanced multi-phase hepatic Computed Tomography data fromaporcine Radio-Frequency Ablation study

High-resolution contrast enhanced multi-phase hepatic Comput...

引用

IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging

作者： Bernhard Kainz Philip Voglreiter Michael Sereinigg Iris Wiederstein-Grasser Ursula Mayrhauser Sonja Köstenbauer Mika Pollari Rostislav Khlebnikov Matthias Seise Tuomas Alhonnoro Yrjö Häme Daniel Seider Ronan Flanagan Claire Bost Judith Mühl David O'Neill Tingying Peng Stephen Payne Daniel Rueckert Dieter Schmalstieg Michael Moche Marina Kolesnik Philipp Stiegler Rupert H. Portugaller Department of Computing Imperial College London UK Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision (ICG) Graz University of Technology AUT Department for Surgery Medical University Graz AUT Division of Biomedical Research and Section for Surgical Research Medical University Graz AUT Medizinische Universitat Graz Graz Steiermark AT Department of Biomedical Engineering and Computational Science Aalto University FI Schloss Birlinghoven Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Information Technology GER Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Leipzig University Hospital Leipzig GER NUMA Engineering Services Ltd. Dundalk Co. Louth IRE Department of Engineering Science Keble College Oxford UK University Clinic of Radiology Medical University Graz AUT

Data below 1 mm voxel size is getting more and more common in the clinical practice but it is still hard to obtain a consistent collection of such datasets for medical image processing research. With this paper we provide a large collection of Contrast Enhanced (CE) Computed Tomography (CT) data from porcine animal experiments and describe their acquisition procedure and peculiarities. We have acquired three CE-CT phases at the highest available scanner resolution of 57 porcine livers during induced respiratory arrest. These phases capture contrast enhanced hepatic arteries, portal venous veins and hepatic veins. Therefore, we provide scan data that allows for a highly accurate reconstruction of hepatic vessel trees. Several datasets have been acquired during Radio-Frequency Ablation (RFA) experiments. Hence, many datasets show also artificially induced hepatic lesions, which can be used for the evaluation of structure detection methods.

关键词： Lesions Computed tomography Veins Biomedical imaging Animals Liver Educational institutions

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Dualism for CAD-system creation based on natural- intellectual representation

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2020年第4期709卷

作者： A I Razumowsky M A Loktev Laboratory of Computer Graphics V. A. Trapeznikov Institute of Control Sciences of Russian Academy of Sciences 65 Profsoyuznaya street Moscow 117997 Russia Department of Engineering Graphics Moscow State Technological University 'STANKIN' Vadkovsky Pereulok 3a. 127055 Moscow Russia

When developing difficultly deterministic software solutions of automated systems, control over the algorithmization and structurization of the task should lie outside the control of the formal interconnection of operators and data. The design of software systems should be controlled from the external control area both over the algorithmization and structuring, and over the autonomous independent consideration of the element. The fact of the possibility of arbitrary coordination of the structural elements of the software system is called the dual representation. The integrative role between independent design elements is assigned to the natural – intellectual interface, which is able to provide a dualism of perception of the elements of the information space both as structurally related and as independent.

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