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Auxiliary Diagnosis of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Based on Spectral Phenotype

Phenomics 2023年第5期3卷 469-484页

作者： Bailiang Zhao Yan Wang Menghan Hu Yue Wu Jiannan Liu Qingli Li Min Dai Wendell QSun Guangtao Zhai Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China School of Health Science and Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Department of Pathology The Second People’s Hospital of WuhuWuhu 241000AnhuiChina Ophthalmology Department Shanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 610101China Department of Oral Maxillofacial Head Neck Oncology Shanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200011China Institute of Image Communication and Information Processing Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Thyroid cancer,a common endocrine malignancy,is one of the leading death causes among endocrine *** diagnosis of pathological section analysis suffers from diagnostic delay and cumbersome operating ***,we intend to construct the models based on spectral data that can be potentially used for rapid intraoperative papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC)diagnosis and characterize PTC *** alleviate any concerns pathologists may have about using the model,we conducted an analysis of the used bands that can be interpreted pathologically.A spectra acquisition system was first built to acquire spectra of pathological section images from 91 *** obtained spectral dataset contains 217 spectra of normal thyroid tissue and 217 spectra of PTC *** data of the corresponding patients were collected for subsequent model interpretability *** experiment has been approved by the Ethics Review Committee of the Wuhu Hospital of East China Normal *** spectral preprocessing method was used to process the spectra,and the preprocessed signal respectively optimized by the first and secondary informative wavelengths selection was used to develop the PTC detection *** PTC detection model using mean centering(MC)and multiple scattering correction(MSC)has optimal performance,and the reasons for the good performance were analyzed in combination with the spectral acquisition process and composition of the test *** model interpretable analysis,the near-ultraviolet band selected for modeling corresponds to the location of amino acid absorption peak,and this is consistent with the clinical phenomenon of significantly lower amino acid concentrations in PTC ***,the absorption peak of hemoglobin selected for modeling is consistent with the low hemoglobin index in PTC *** addition,the correlation analysis was performed between the selected wavelengths and the clinical data,and the results show:the ref

关键词： Interpretable pathologic model Pathological analysis Intraoperative detection Spectral phenotype

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Decoding Sleep: Microphone-Based Snoring Analysis using Embedded Machine Learning for Obstructive Sleep Apnea Detection

Decoding Sleep: Microphone-Based Snoring Analysis using Embe...

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International Conference on Biosignals, images and Instrumentation (ICBSII)

作者： Delpha Jacob Priyanka Kokil Subramanian S Jayanthi Thiruvengadam Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering and Technology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Chennai Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Advanced Signal and Image Processing (ASIP) Lab Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and Manufacturing Chennai Department of Respiratory Medicine SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre Kattankulathur Tamil Nadu India

ISBN: (数字)9798350350951

ISBN: (纸本)9798350350968

Snoring, a recurring habit often disregarded within the Indian community, can signal a grave underlying issue of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). OSA is a severe sleep disorder characterized by recurrent interruptions in breathing for more than 10 seconds during sleep, typically due to partial or complete airway obstructions. Neglecting OSA can lead to a range of significant health risks, including increased likelihood of occupational accidents, motor vehicle accidents, heightened susceptibility to severe depression, cardiac and cerebrovascular diseases, and reduced life expectancy. The main objective of the study is to detect snoring while at sleep and also to classify it as normal snoring and OSA snoring. Arduino nano 33 BLE sense is used to capture the snore signal, it houses a built-in MP34DT05 sensor. The sensor has a signal-to-noise ratio of 64dB and sensitivity of - 26dBFS ± 3dB. This captures the sound signal of the individual, it is further processed to extract the Mel-filter bank energy features, Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients and Spectrogram features. The features are further used to build a model and the same is trained using edge impulse to classify the signal. The dataset is divided into training, testing, and validation sets, with 80% of the data allocated to training, 20% to testing, and an additional 20% within the training data set aside for validation purposes. The results for the two class classification (snoring and non snoring) indicate that the spectrogram-based approach achieved an accuracy rate of 96.9%, while the other two methods yielded accuracy rates of 93.8%. The accuracy for three class classification (normal, snoring and OSA snoring) using the Embedded Machine Learning (EML) approach is 88%. The proposed study demonstrates enhanced accuracy in identifying OSA by snoring compared to previous research. This autonomous system can facilitate the detection of OSA through the analysis of snoring patterns, subsequently alerting the subjec

关键词： Training Performance evaluation Accuracy Embedded systems Training data Machine learning Feature extraction

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Transclaw U-Net: Claw U-Net With Transformers for Medical image Segmentation

Transclaw U-Net: Claw U-Net With Transformers for Medical Im...

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IEEE International Conference on information communication and Signal processing (ICICSP)

作者： Chang Yao Menghan Hu Qingli Li Guangtao Zhai Xiao-Ping Zhang Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing East China Normal University Shanghai China Institute of Image Communication and Information Processing Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Department of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering Ryerson University Toronto Canada

In medical image analysis, the long-range spatial features are often not accurately obtained by the traditional convolutional neural networks. Hence, we propose a TransClaw U-Net network structure. The transformer part is added after three convolution operations to fuse shallow features extracted by convolution operations for maximally encoding the long-range spatial features between patches. The “Claw” in TransClaw U-net means that we add the bottom upsampling part to retain the deepest feature information for detail segmentation. In addition, the modified three-channel global attention mechanism to blend the outputs of three channels (the encoding part, the bottom upsampling part and the decoding part) to effectively extract image contours. The experimental results on Synapse Multi-organ Segmentation Dataset show that TransClaw U-Net performs better than other networks. The results of ablation experiments prove the effectiveness of the three improved components of the network and influence of input image size and skip-connection numbers on network performance. The source code will be publicly available once the paper is accepted.

关键词： Measurement image segmentation image coding Convolution Fuses Source coding Transformers

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Human-Centered Financial Signal Analysis Based on Visual Patterns in Stock Charts

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IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 2025年

作者： Luo, Ji-Feng Chen, Yuzhen Zhang, Kaixun An, Xudong Hu, Menghan Zhai, Guangtao Zhang, Xiao-Ping East China Normal University Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing School of Communication and Electronic Engineering Shanghai200241 China University of Chicago Committee on Computational and Applied Mathematics ChicagoIL60637 United States Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing100876 China Shanghai Jiao Tong University Institute of Image Communication and Network Engineering Shanghai200240 China Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Guangdong Shenzhen518055 China

The study utilized a human-centered perspective to research the financial markets, focusing on identifying variations in eye movement patterns between professional and non-professional traders as they analyze a series of stock charts. We use eye movement data as the analysis target because we hypothesize that it represents a behavioral phenotype indicative of stock analysts' cognitive processes during market analysis. Disparities were identified by conducting variance analysis and Wilcoxon signed-rank test on statistical metrics derived from eye fixations and saccades. We provided psychological and economic interpretations to understand the underlying reasons for these observed patterns. To showcase the practical application potential of the human-centered perspective, eye movement data and human visual characteristics were used to construct visual saliency prediction models of professional stock analysts. Leveraging this human-centered model, we developed two practical application demonstrations specifically designed to support and instruct novice traders. Based on the above demonstrations, we designed a training program that demonstrates how, with ongoing training, the non-professional traders' ability to observe stock charts improves progressively. The experimental data and the analyzing code are publicly available at doi: 10.5281/zenodo.10362154. © 1999-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Financial markets

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Air Pollution Monitoring By Integrating Local and Global information in Self-Adaptive Multiscale Transform Domain

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IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 2025年

作者： Gu, Ke Liu, Yuchen Liu, Hongyan Liu, Bo Qiao, Junfei Lin, Weisi Zhang, Wenjun Beijing University of Technology School of Information Science and Technology Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Perception and Autonomous Control of Ministry of Education Beijing Laboratory of Smart Environmental Protection Beijing Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence and Intelligent System Beijing Artificial Intelligence Institute Beijing100124 China Massey University School of Mathematical and Computational Sciences New Zealand Nanyang Technological University College of Computing and Data Science Singapore Shanghai Jiao Tong University Institute of Image Communication and Information Processing Shanghai China

As the deadliest form of pollution, air pollution had a prolonged severe damage to the human health and life safety of nearly 99% of the world's population. Facing to the problem that billions of tons of pollutants discharged into the air per year by industrial activities, this paper proposed a novel image-based air pollution monitor (IAPM) by incorporating local and global information in the self-adaptive multiscale transform domain, so as to achieve the timely and effective leakage detection of typical air pollutants from a single image. To be specific, this paper first developed a screen-shaped module according to two significant findings in visual neuroscience, which include the high sensitivity of human eyes to horizontal and vertical stimuli and the center-surround inhibition, by designing and fusing the square module, horizontal strip module and vertical strip module parallelly for simulating the behaviour of human eyes to extract local features. Second, the learnable weights and proportional mapping were applied to incorporate the screen-shaped module and lightweight vision transformer as backbone, towards more richly exploiting and fusing local and global information just as the way a brain perceives external stimuli. Third, a new self-adaptive multiscale transform domain method was devised based on two motivations from the visual characteristics of multiscale perception and the brain characteristics of self-adaptive domain transform to modify the backbone by using the operations of pooling and pointwise convolution. Extensive experiments implemented on the datasets of carbon particulate matters and ethylene leakage confirmed the superior monitoring performance of the proposed IAPM model beyond the state-of-the-art (SOTA) peers by an accuracy gain of about 4%. Furthermore, the proposed IAPM model only required 0.089 GFLOPs and 0.15 million model parameters, remarkably outperforming SOTA competitors in computational efficiency and storage resources. © 1999-2

关键词： information leakage

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BAND-2k: Banding Artifact Noticeable Database for Banding Detection and Quality Assessment

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Chen, Zijian Sun, Wei Jia, Jun Lu, Fangfang Zhang, Zicheng Liu, Jing Ru, Huang Min, Xiongkuo Zhai, Guangtao The Institute of Image Communication and Information Processing Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China The College of Computer Science and Technology Shanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai200290 China The School of Electrical and Information Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin China The School of Information Science & Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai200237 China

Banding, also known as staircase-like contours, frequently occurs in flat areas of images/videos processed by the compression or quantization algorithms. As undesirable artifacts, banding destroys the original image structure, thus inevitably degrading users’ quality of experience (QoE). In this paper, we systematically investigate the banding image quality assessment (IQA) problem, aiming to detect the image banding artifacts and evaluate their perceptual visual quality. Considering that the existing image banding databases only contain limited content sources and banding generation methods, and lack perceptual quality labels (i.e. mean opinion scores), we first build the largest banding IQA database so far, named Banding Artifact Noticeable Database (BAND-2k), which consists of 2,000 banding images generated by 15 compression and quantization schemes. A total of 23 workers participated in the subjective IQA experiment, yielding over 214,000 patch-level banding class labels and 44,371 reliable image-level quality rating scores. Subsequently, we develop an effective no-reference (NR) banding evaluator for banding detection and quality assessment by leveraging frequency characteristics of banding artifacts. To be more specific, a dual convolutional neural network (CNN) is employed to concurrently learn the feature representation from the high-frequency and low-frequency maps, thereby enhancing the ability to discern banding artifacts. The quality score of a banding image is generated by pooling the banding detection maps masked by the spatial frequency filters. The experimental results demonstrate that our banding evaluator achieves a remarkably high accuracy in banding detection and also exhibits high SRCC and PLCC results with the perceptual quality labels, even without directly learning a regression model for banding quality evaluation. These findings unveil the strong correlations between the intensity of banding artifacts and the perceptual visual quality, thus

关键词： image quality

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Deep Decomposition and Bilinear Pooling Network for Blind Night-Time image Quality Evaluation

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Jiang, Qiuping Xu, Jiawu Mao, Yudong Zhou, Wei Min, Xiongkuo Zhai, Guangtao The School of Information Science and Engineering Ningbo University Ningbo315211 China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo Canada The Institute of Image Communication and Information Processing Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China

Blind image quality assessment (BIQA), which aims to accurately predict the image quality without any pristine reference information, has been extensively concerned in the past decades. Especially, with the help of deep neural networks, great progress has been achieved. However, it remains less investigated on BIQA for night-time images (NTIs) which usually suffers from complicated authentic distortions such as reduced visibility, low contrast, additive noises, and color distortions. These diverse authentic degradations particularly challenges the design of effective deep neural network for blind NTI quality evaluation (NTIQE). In this paper, we propose a novel deep decomposition and bilinear pooling network (DDB-Net) to better address this issue. The DDB-Net contains three modules, i.e., an image decomposition module, a feature encoding module, and a bilinear pooling module. The image decomposition module is inspired by the Retinex theory and involves decoupling the input NTI into an illumination layer component responsible for illumination information and a reflection layer component responsible for content information. Then, the feature encoding module involves learning feature representations of degradations that are rooted in the two decoupled components separately. Finally, by modeling illumination-related and content-related degradations as two-factor variations, the two feature sets are bilinearly pooled together to form a unified representation for quality prediction. The superiority of the proposed DDB-Net has been well validated by extensive experiments on several benchmark datasets. The source code will be made available soon. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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OBIFormer: A Fast Attentive Denoising Framework for Oracle Bone Inscriptions

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Li, Jinhao Chen, Zijian Chen, Tingzhu Liu, Zhiji Wang, Changbo School of Computer Science and Technology East China Normal University Shanghai200062 China Institute of Image Communication and Information Processing Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China School of Humanities Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200030 China Center for the Study Application of Chinese Characters East China Normal University Shanghai200241 China

Oracle bone inscriptions (OBIs) are the earliest known form of Chinese characters and serve as a valuable resource for research in anthropology and archaeology. However, most excavated fragments are severely degraded due to thousands of years of natural weathering, corrosion, and man-made destruction, making automatic OBI recognition extremely challenging. Previous methods either focus on pixel-level information or utilize vanilla transformers for glyph-based OBI denoising, which leads to tremendous computational overhead. Therefore, this paper proposes a fast attentive denoising framework for oracle bone inscriptions, i.e., OBIFormer. It leverages channel-wise self-attention, glyph extraction, and selective kernel feature fusion to reconstruct denoised images precisely while being computationally efficient. Our OBIFormer achieves state-of-the-art denoising performance for PSNR and SSIM metrics on synthetic and original OBI datasets. Furthermore, comprehensive experiments on a real oracle dataset demonstrate the great potential of our OBIFormer in assisting automatic OBI recognition. The code will be made available at https://***/LJHolyGround/ OBIFormer. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： image denoising

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Uncertainty-aware Sampling for Long-tailed Semi-supervised Learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Yang, Kuo Li, Duo Hu, Menghan Zhai, Guangtao Yang, Xiaokang Zhang, Xiao-Ping The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing School of Communication and Electronic Engineering East China Normal University Shanghai200241 China The Kargobot of DiDi Shanghai201210 China The Institute of Image Communication and Network Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute Shenzhen China The Department of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering Toronto Metropolitan University ONM5B 2K3 Canada

For semi-supervised learning with imbalance classes, the long-tailed distribution of data will increase the model prediction bias toward dominant classes, undermining performance on less frequent classes. Existing methods also face challenges in ensuring the selection of sufficiently reliable pseudo-labels for model training and there is a lack of mechanisms to adjust the selection of more reliable pseudo-labels based on different training stages. To mitigate this issue, we introduce uncertainty into the modeling process for pseudo-label sampling, taking into account that the model performance on the tailed classes varies over different training stages. For example, at the early stage of model training, the limited predictive accuracy of model results in a higher rate of uncertain pseudo-labels. To counter this, we propose an Uncertainty-Aware Dynamic Threshold Selection (UDTS) approach. This approach allows the model to perceive the uncertainty of pseudo-labels at different training stages, thereby adaptively adjusting the selection thresholds for different classes. Compared to other methods such as the baseline method FixMatch, UDTS achieves an increase in accuracy of at least approximately 5.26%, 1.75%, 9.96%, and 1.28% on the natural scene image datasets CIFAR10-LT, CIFAR100-LT, STL-10-LT, and the medical image dataset TissueMNIST, respectively. The source code of UDTS is publicly available at: https://***/yangk/UDTS. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Uncertainty analysis

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Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning with Prior Knowledge

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Jiang, Wenhao Li, Duo Hu, Menghan Zhai, Guangtao Yang, Xiaokang Zhang, Xiao-Ping Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing School of Communication and Electronic Engineering East China Normal University Shanghai200241 China Kargobot of DiDi Shanghai201210 China Institute of Image Communication and Network Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute Shenzhen China Department of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering Toronto Metropolitan University ONM5B 2K3 Canada

To tackle the issues of catastrophic forgetting and overfitting in few-shot class-incremental learning (FSCIL), previous work has primarily concentrated on preserving the memory of old knowledge during the incremental phase. The role of pre-trained model in shaping the effectiveness of incremental learning is frequently underestimated in these studies. Therefore, to enhance the generalization ability of the pre-trained model, we propose Learning with Prior Knowledge (LwPK) by introducing nearly free prior knowledge from a few unlabeled data of subsequent incremental classes. We cluster unlabeled incremental class samples to produce pseudo-labels, then jointly train these with labeled base class samples, effectively allocating embedding space for both old and new class data. Experimental results indicate that LwPK effectively enhances the model resilience against catastrophic forgetting, with theoretical analysis based on empirical risk minimization and class distance measurement corroborating its operational principles. The source code of LwPK is publicly available at: https://***/StevenJ308/LwPK. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Risk assessment

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