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International Conference on Neural Networks

作者： King-Lung Huang Shu-Cheng Hsieh Hsin-Chia Fu Opto-Electronics and System Laboratories Industrial Technology and Research Institute Department of Computer Science & Information Engineering National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)0780341228

This paper presents an application of using a cascade-CMAC (cerebellar model articulation controller) neural network to solve some color calibration problems, which include color differences induced from gamuts mis-match and the nonlinear transformation characteristics between color scanning input devices and color printing output devices. For this purpose, we proposed a scalable learning architecture "cascade-CMAC" to implement an adaptive color calibration system. By analyzing the preliminary learning situation, the scalable architecture can dynamically create a new learning unit to better represent a finer color resolution, so that the learning capacity as well as the color details of the system can be greatly improved. From the experimental results, the proposed cascade-CMAC architecture can improve the rate of convergence and also can adjust the learning architecture effectively. The learning speed can be 2/spl sim/4 times faster than the conventional CMAC. The effectiveness of this neural network has been tested by observing the differences between the calibrated and the un-calibrated output on a number of known samples. By using the Macbeth color-checker which contains 24 color patches as benchmark, the average color differences between the original and the calibrated print-out is improved from 15 /spl Delta/E/sub ab/ to 8 /spl Delta/E/sub ab/ under the 3 /spl Delta/E/sub ab/ convergent criterion for training. The calibration performance is somewhat significant.

关键词： Neural networks Printers Calibration Application software Color Laboratories computer industry Electrical equipment industry computer science Printing

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Subspace Model Identification for Continuous-Time systems

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1997年第11期30卷 1567-1572页

作者： Zi-Jiang Yang Setsuo Sagara Kiyoshi Wada Faculty of Computer Engineering and System Science Kyushu Institute of Technology Iizuka Fukuoka 820 Japan TEL +81-948-29-7672 FAX +81-948-29-7651 Department of Communication Computer Engineering Fukuoka Institute of Technology Wajirohigashi Higashiku Fukuoka 811-02 Japan Department of Electrical and Electronic Systems Engineering Graduate School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering Kyushu University Hakozaki Fukuoka 812 Japan

Usually, the subspace-based state-space system identification algorithms are focused on discrete-time models, which may cause some numerical problems when the sampling interval is small. This paper proposes an algorithm of subspace-based state-space system identification for continuous-time systems from sampled input-output data. The ω — operator ω = ( p - α)/( p + α) where p denotes a differential operator and α > 0, is introduced to avoid direct numerical differentiations. And the ω — operator state-space model identified by the 4SID method can be transformed back to the common continuous-time state-space model. The numerical superiority of the ω — operator approach compared to some other methods is verified through simulation study.

关键词： Subspace model identification continuous-time system ω—operator sampled data

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A fast minimum cost flow algorithm for VLSI layout compaction

A fast minimum cost flow algorithm for VLSI layout compactio...

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and systems (ISCAS)

作者： I. Arungsrisangchai Y. Shigehiro I. Shirakawa H. Takahashi Department of Electronic Engineering King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Bangkok Thailand Department of Information Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering Osaka University Suita Japan Department of Communication Engineering Faculty of Computer Science and System Engincering Okayama Prefectural University Japan

Since the layout compaction problem is dual to the minimum cost flow problem, flow algorithms can be applicable to the layout compaction. In this paper, an existing flow algorithm is investigated in terms of the layout compaction, and a fast flow algorithm is devised on the basis of the primal-dual method. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is the fastest dedicatedly for the compaction problem.

关键词： Costs Very large scale integration Compaction Constraint optimization information systems systems engineering and theory computer science Productivity Linear programming Constraint theory

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Developing a prototype concurrent design tool for composite topside structures

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NAVAL engineerS JOURNAL 1997年第3期109卷 279-290页

作者： Dirlik, S Hambric, S Azarm, S Marquardt, M Hellman, A Bartlett, S Castelli, V Steve Dirlik:began his career at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division in 1981 as an aerospace engineer co-op student. He completed his bachelor of science degree in aeropace and ocean engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1985 and his master of science degree in aerospace engineering from the University of Maryland in 1990. Mr. Dirlik recently completed a master of science program in applied physics at The Johns Hopins University and currently works in the Radar Cross Section and Target Physics Branch of the Signatures Directorate at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Corderoke Division. He has worked on Navy low observable programs since 1990. Stephen Hambric:is a research associate at the Applied Research Laboratory at The Pennsylvania State University. He received his B. S. and M.S. degree in mechanical engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and his D. Sc. in mechnical engineering from the George Washington University. He has worked on several computer aided multidiscikplinary design and optimization projects over the years including an automated propeller design system and a structural acoustic optimization capability. Dr. Shpour Azarm:is currently working as an associate professor with the Design and Manufacturing Group of the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the University of maryland at College Park. Dr Azarm's expertise is in the areas of optimization-based designed and concurrent design and optimization of multidisciplinary systems. He was a consultant at Black & Decker Corporation (summer 1996) and worked as a Navy senior summer faculty fellow (summer 1995) and a NASA summer faculty fellow (summer 1994). He was a visiting scientist at NASA Langley Research Center for Multidisciplinary Analysis and Applied Structural Optimzatiom at the University of Siegen in Germany (spring 1992) and the Design Institute of the Technical University of Denmark (summer 1990). Dr Azarm was an associate technical editor of the ASME Jour

A prototype concurrent engineering tool has been developed for the preliminary design of composite topside structures for modern navy warships. This tool, named GELS for the Concurrent engineering of Layered Structures, provides designers with an immediate assessment of the impacts of their decisions on several disciplines which are important to the performance of a modern naval topside structure, including electromagnetic interference effects (EMI), radar cross section (RCS), structural integrity, cost, and weight. Preliminary analysis modules in each of these disciplines are integrated to operate from a common set of design variables and a common materials database. Performance in each discipline and an overall fitness function for the concept are then evaluated. A graphical user interface (GUI) is used to define requirements and to display the results from the technical analysis modules. Optimization techniques, including feasible sequential quadratic programming (FSQP) and exhaustive search are used to modify the design variables to satisfy all requirements simultaneously. The development of this tool, the technical modules, and their integration are discussed noting the decisions and compromises required to develop and integrate the modules into a prototype conceptual design tool.

关键词： Warships

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Building ships as a system: An approach to total ship integration

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NAVAL engineerS JOURNAL 1997年第5期109卷 47-60页

作者： Duren, BG Pollard, JR Bernard G. Duren:is an operations research analyst in the Combat Systems Department of the. Naval Surface Warfare Center Dahlgren Division. Mr. Duren received an A.B. degree in mathematics from Indiana University and an M.S. degree in operations research from the Georgia Institute of Technology. His major duties involve development of system concepts and system engineering methodology. His primary areas of achievement include startup of a strategic planning process at the Dahlgren Division analysis of seaskimmer defense issues and formulation of concepts for counter-command warfare. His areas of interest include information integration group problem solving methods warfare analysis and strategic planning. Mr. Duren is currently conducting studies in design of future shipboard combat systems. James R. Pollard:serves as principal systems engineer in the Combat Systems Department of the Naval Surface Warfare Center Dahlgren Division. Dr. Pollard received a B.S. degree in physics from Roanoke College an M.S. degree in electrical engineering from The George Washington University and a Ph.D. in systems engineering from the University of Virginia. After joining the Dahlgren Division in 1962 he performed research in antennas and electromagnetic coupling. He subsequently managed the Special Effects Weapon Research Program which focused on high power electromagnetic devices. After serving as head of the Weapon Systems Division and the Search and Track Division he formed the Strategic Planning Group. In 1985 he received the Bernard Smith Award for creative development and implementation of a strategic planning process for the Division. From 1985 to 1987 he served as warfare systems architect in the Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command. Dr. Pollard is currently conducting studies in design of future shipboard combat systems.

This paper considers an effort to reinvent the process by which the Navy transforms operational requirements into warships. The objective is to articulate a framework and strategy for implementing a total ship system engineering approach. Three factors drive the effort: involve the warfighters in the design process;adopt a ''system of systems'' framework for integration;and continually improve the acquisition process. The strategy is illustrated by consideration of control structure on a total ship basis. The work has been conducted as a collaborative effort involving three Navy warfare centers and various headquarters activities in Washington, D.C.

关键词： Shipbuilding

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Matched design method for concatenated trellis-coded modulation

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IEICE TRANSACTIONS ON FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRONICS COMMUNICATIONS AND computer SCIENCES 1996年第11期E79A卷 1911-1917页

作者： Wadayama, T Wakasugi, K Kasahara, M Faculty of Computer Science and System Engineering Okayama Prefectural University Soja-shi 719-11 Japan Department of Electronics and Information Science Kyoto Institute of Technology Kyotoshi 606 Japan

A new design method, which is referred to as the matched design method, for concatenated trellis-coded modulation (TCM) is presented. Most of the conventional concatenated TCM employs TCM designed to maximize the minimum squared Euclidean free distance, d(free)(2). With the matched design method, we maximize d(1)(2)(t) instead of d(free)(2), where d(1)(2)(t) is the effective minimum squared Euclidean distance (MSED) when the outer code has a t-error correcting capability. The effective MSED is derived from the Euclidean/Hamming (E/H) joint weight distribution of terminated TCM. We here assume the concatenated TCM whose transmitted symbol corresponds to a symbol of outer code. The new classes of 2-dimensional(2D) and 4-dimensional(4D) codes are found by a computer search. Under the performance measures of the effective MSED or the effective multiplicity, these codes are superior to the conventional codes such as the Ungerboeck's 2D-codes when those are used as an inner code. We disclose an interesting fact that the new class of codes using rate-1/2 encoder is superior to the class of codes using rate-2/3 encoder. This fact implies that the codes using rate-1/2 encoder have two advantages: 1) better overall decoding performance and 2) less decoding complexity.

关键词： trellis-coded modulation concatenated code weight distribution

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Influence of human engineering on manning levels and human performance on ships

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NAVAL engineerS JOURNAL 1997年第5期109卷 67-76页

作者： Anderson, DE Oberman, FR Malone, TB Baker, CC David E. Anderson:has a bachelor of science degree in environmental engineering from Florida Technological University and a master's degree in environmental engineering from the University of Central Florida. He is a graduate of the Naval Sea Systems Command's Engineer-In-Training (EIT) Program. Mr. Anderson was instrumental in introducing the collective protection system (CPS) in the U.S. Navy developing the initial forward-fit package for the USS Gunston Hall and the engineering change proposal (ECP) for the USS Wasp. In 1990 he joined the Human Systems Integration (HSI) Division (SEA 55W5) where he was task leader for auxiliary ships. He is currently the HSI manager for the future technology variant of the SeaLift ship and the future carrier. Association of Scientists and Engineers 33rdAnnual Technical Symposium 26 April 1996. Fred R. Oberman:has B.A. and M.A. degrees from the University of Chicago and Loyola University (experimental psychology) and an M.S. degree in industrial engineering and operations research from Virginia Polytechnic Institute (VPI). He has more than 30 years experience in HSI management planning research analysis design and testing in government and private sector positions. He is currently responsible for NavSea HSI generic research and tool development efforts. He is responsible for Human Engineering Specifications and Standards (Commercial Hypertext) and is the NavSea 03D7 representative on HSI in Performance Specifications and for integration of HSI within Integrated Logistic Support (ILS). He has served as DoD HSI SubTAG chair and member of the Simulation and Modeling Test and Evaluation Display and Control Systems Human Computer Interaction Specifications and Standards and Systems Design Sub Tags as a member of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers (SNAME) Systems Safety Panel and a member of NATO RSG 14 on man-machine analysis. Thomas B. Malone: CHFEP received a Ph.D. in experimental psychology from Fordham University in 1964. He is president of Carlow

The objectives of Human engineering (HE) are generally viewed as increasing human performance, reducing human error, enhancing personnel and equipment safety, and reducing training and related personnel costs. There are other benefits that are thoroughly consistent with the direction of the Navy of the future, chief among these is reduction of required numbers of personnel to operate and maintain Navy ships. The Naval Research Advisory Committee (NRAC) report on Man-Machine technology in the Navy estimated that one of the benefits from increased application of man-machine technology to Navy ship design is personnel reduction as well as improving system availability, effectiveness, and safety The objective of this paper is to discuss aspects of the human engineering design of ships and systems that affect manning requirements, and impact human-performance and safety The paper will also discuss how the application of human engineering leads to improved performance, and crew safety, and reduced workload, all of which influence manning levels. Finally, the paper presents a discussion of tools and case studies of good human engineering design practices which reduce manning.

关键词： Human engineering

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A control structure for robotic dynamic manipulation

A control structure for robotic dynamic manipulation

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IEEE International Conference on systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： Xin-Zhi Zheng K. On M. Yamakita M. Katayama K. Ito Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama Japan Department of Control and System Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo Japan Department of Information and Computer Sciences Toyohashi University of Technology Toyohashi Japan

A control framework for robot systems to perform dynamic manipulation tasks, such as robotic batting, is presented. A properly preplanned trajectory for manipulators is recognized to be important to enlarge the probability of success. A nominal path for manipulator to travel in swing motion is computed while optimizing the stochastic dynamic manipulability measure to cope with the unpredictable deviation of the ball. A nominal trajectory along the path is then planned in a minimum-time approach for the benefit of catching as accurately as possible the ball behavior which is observed visually and estimated online. A control structure, which consists interpolatively of a path velocity controller to follow the nominal trajectory and a resolved-acceleration-natured ball deviation compensating controller, is proposed. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is examined using computer simulations.

关键词： Robot control Manipulator dynamics Velocity control Control systems Humans Predictive models systems engineering and theory Stochastic processes computer simulation Application software

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A system structure with trajectory planning and control for robotic dynamic manipulation

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Advanced Robotics 1996年第7期11.0卷 695-711页

作者： Zheng, Xin-Zhi Ono, Kazuya Yamakita, Masaki Katayama, Masazumi Ito, Koji Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama 226 Japan Department of Information and Computer Sciences Toyohashi University of Technology Toyohashi 441 Japan Department of Control and System Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo 152 Japan Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co. Ltd. Tokyo Japan

We present a control framework for robot systems to perform dynamic manipulation tasks, with robotic batting as an example. A properly preplanned trajectory for manipulators is recognized to be important to increase the probability of success. A nominal path for a manipulator to travelin a swing motion is computed while optimizing the stochastic dynamic manipulability measure to cope with the unpredictable deviation of the ball. A nominal trajectory along the path is then planned in a minimum-time fashion for the benefit of catching the ball as accurately as possible, thebehavior of which is observed visually and estimated on-line. A control structure consisting interpolatively of a path velocity controller to follow the nominal trajectory and a resolved-acceleration-natured ball-deviation compensating controller, together with a ball motion prediction, isproposed. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is examined using computer simulations. The strategy provided in this paper will be useful to make manipulators perform further task requirements better for a wide range of dynamic manipulations. © VSP and Robotics Society of Japan 1998.

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Adaptability of K-L expansion technique for ambiguous face image retrieval

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ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS IN JAPAN PART III-FUNDAMENTAL ELECTRONIC SCIENCE 1996年第10期79卷 35-46页

作者： Oda, M Akamatsu, S Fukamachi, H ATR Human Information Processing Laboratories Kyoto Japan 619-02 Shigeru Akamatsu received his B.E. M.E. and Dr. of Eng. degrees in Mathematical Enginwring and Instrumentation Physics in 1975 1977 and 1994 respectively from the University of Tokyo Japan. In 1977 he joined the Electrical Communications Laboratories Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Public Corporation Yokosuka Japan. From 1977 through 1985 he was engaged in the research and development of optical character recognition systems for handwritten Chmese characters. During the academic year 1985-86 he was a Visiting Researcher at the University of California Irvine California U.S.A. Until 1992 he was a Senior Research Engineer Supervisor at W Human Interface Laboratories and conducted research on human image recognition with a special interest in face recognition. Since 1992 he has been with ATR Human Information Processing Research Laboratories Kyoto Japan where he is currently Head of Department 2. His research interests include computational and cognitive studies on high-level vision with a special interest in facial information processing by man and computer. He is a member of the Institute of Electronics Information and Communication Engineers of Japan the Information Processing Society of Japan ACM and the IEEE Computer Society. Hidm Fukamachi received his B.E. degree in Image Technology from the Tokyo Institute of Polytechnics in 1990. He joined NTT Software Corp. in 1990 where he was engaged in the development of image processing software. Since 1993 he has been with ATR Human Information Processing Research Laboratories.

Some facial images are not necessarily clear images in the human brain. However, it can be easily judged whether a face matches the image in our mind;this is true even when the drawing or the expression of the target image is difficult to comprehend. This is because even if the image cannot be imagined like a picture, it does exist. The authors have proposed a system with which a retriever can retrieve an ambiguous target image from an image database. The system's retrieval efficiency and ease-of-retrieval were clarified by experiments using line drawn facial images. In this paper, the system is extended to photographs of faces. The most difficult problem in treating photographs is determining the retrieval key. One consideration is to add the subjective impressions or features of physical figures as keywords for each image data. Regardless of the method, however, significant manpower is necessary. The K-L expansion technique is used here, which has been verified as effective for face identification, and expect to need only a small amount of manpower. This paper investigates whether the technique can also be useful in ambiguous image retrieval.

关键词： ambiguous image image retrieval K-L expansion facial image subjective similarity

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