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Nuclear norm regularized coding with local position-patch and nonlocal similarity for face hallucination

Digital Signal Processing 2017年 64卷 107-120页

作者： Guangwei Gao Jian Yang Zhihui Lai Pu Huang Jielin Jiang Hao Gao Dong Yue Institute of Advanced Technology Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing 210023 PR China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Information Processing and Intelligent Control Minjiang University Fuzhou 350121 PR China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094 PR China College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 PR China Key Laboratory of Image and Video Understanding for Social Safety Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094 PR China School of Computer and Software Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 PR China

Learning-based face hallucination methods have received much attention and progress in past few decades. Specially, position-patch based approaches have been proposed to replace the probabilistic graph-based or manifold learning-based ones. As opposed to the existing patch based methods, where the input image patch matrix is converted into vectors before combination coefficients calculation, in this paper, we propose to directly use the image matrix based regression model for combination coefficients computation to preserve the essential structural information of the input patch matrix. For each input low-resolution (LR) patch matrix, its combination coefficients over the training image patch matrices at the same position can be computed. Then the corresponding high-resolution (HR) patch matrix can be obtained with the LR training patches replaced by the corresponding HR ones. The nonlocal self-similarities are finally utilized to further improve the hallucination performance. Various experimental results on standard face databases indicate that our proposed method outperforms some state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of both visual quantity and objective metrics.

关键词： Face hallucination Position-patch Matrix based regression Nuclear norm Nonlocal similarity

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Tiny noise, big mistakes: Adversarial perturbations induce errors in Brain-Computer Interface spellers

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Zhang, Xiao Wu, Dongrui Ding, Lieyun Luo, Hanbin Lin, Chin-Teng Jung, Tzyy-Ping Chavarriaga, Ricardo Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China School of Civil Engineering and Mechanics Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Centre of Artificial Intelligence Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology University of Technology Sydney Sydney2007 Australia La Jolla CA92093 United States Center for Advanced Neurological Engineering Institute of Engineering in Medicine UCSD La Jolla CA92093 United States ZHAW DataLab Zürich University of Applied Sciences Winterthur8401 Switzerland

An electroencephalogram (EEG) based brain-computer interface (BCI) speller allows a user to input text to a computer by thought. It is particularly useful to severely disabled individuals, e.g., amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients, who have no other effective means of communication with another person or a computer. Most studies so far focused on making EEG-based BCI spellers faster and more reliable;however, few have considered their security. This study, for the first time, shows that P300 and steady-state visual evoked potential BCI spellers are very vulnerable, i.e., they can be severely attacked by adversarial perturbations, which are too tiny to be noticed when added to EEG signals, but can mislead the spellers to spell anything the attacker wants. The consequence could range from merely user frustration to severe misdiagnosis in clinical applications. We hope our research can attract more attention to the security of EEG-based BCI spellers, and more broadly, EEG-based BCIs, which has received little attention before. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electroencephalography

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Causal Invariant Hierarchical Molecular Representation for Out-of-distribution Molecular Property Prediction

Causal Invariant Hierarchical Molecular Representation for O...

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IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)

作者： Xinlong Wen Yifei Guo Shuoying Wei Wenhan Long Lida Zhu Rongbo Zhu Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan China College of Informatics Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan China Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health Huazhong Agricultural University Shenzhen China Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shenzhen China Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Agriculture Ministry of Education Wuhan China Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

ISBN: (数字)9798350386226

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386233

Molecular representation learning is widely used in the field of drug discovery, due to its ability to accurately capture the complex features of compounds in high-dimensional space. However, existing molecular representation learning models are prone to be influenced by spurious parts during distribution shifts (also known as out-of-distribution, or OOD), which results in models mistakenly treating these spurious parts as crucial features of molecules, thereby limiting the generalization capability of the models. To tackle this issue, a novel invariant molecular representation learning model, called Causal Invariant Hierarchical Molecular Representation Graph Neural Networks (CHiMoGNN), is proposed for OOD molecular property prediction. In CHiMoGNN, a Feature Enhancement (FE) module is designed to leverage the multi-level molecular parts to enhance the expression of invariant features, thereby enhancing the model’s capability to capture key molecular information. In addition, a Cartesian Product based Environmental Impact (EI) module is adopted to generate counterfactual samples with environmental diversity. Consequently, these samples are utilized to train a classifier that maintains consistent performance across various environments. Extensive experiments on seven real-world datasets demonstrate that CHiMoGNN outperforms 9 state-of-the-art models, achieving a 5.73% increase in average ROC-AUC, and the results also show that CHiMoGNN can effectively maintain generalization in various distribution shifts. Code and datasets are available at https://***/Chertuion/CHiMoGNN.

关键词： Representation learning Limiting Codes Predictive models Feature extraction Iron Graph neural networks Drug discovery Data mining Compounds

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A Novel YJQR-LSTM Model for Nonparametric Probabilistic Sustainable Agriculture Wind Power Forecasting Based on intelligent IoT

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2024年

作者： Wang, Jie Jiang, Junhui Chen, Xinlong Cai, Defu Wu, Yue Lu, Renzhi School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Harbin Engineering University College of Computer Science and Technology Harbin150001 China State Grid Hubei Electric Power Research Institute Hubei Wuhan430079 China School of Technology State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Forestry Equipment and Automation Beijing Forestry University Beijing100083 China Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Key Laboratory of Industrial Internet of Things and Networked Control Ministry of Education Chongqing400065 China State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission for Advanced Equipment Chongqing University Chongqing400044 China Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems Wuhan430074 China

Energy costs associated with the consumption of non-renewable energy sources have become an important issue in improving the international competitiveness of agriculture. Wind power, as a renewable energy source, can replace non-renewable energy sources to reduce energy costs and improve the sustainability of agricultural. However, the inherent intermittency, randomness, and volatility within weather conditions and wind speed presents a substantial challenge in accurately predicting wind power generation. This work proposes a novel YJQR-LSTM algorithm that leverages Yeo-Johnson quantile regression (YJQR) with a long short-term memory (LSTM) network for nonparametric probabilistic forecasting of wind power generation via the intelligent Internet of Things. First, an improved YJQR model based on the YJ transformation is designed to obtain a more precise characterization of wind uncertainty, providing a more flexible probability density function for wind power generation. Then, utilizing the unique structure of the LSTM network to learn the parameters of the YJQR model, temporal features can be extracted from time series data. To mitigate the impact of outliers in the raw data on accuracy and improve computational efficiency, a novel logarithmic likelihood function is developed as the loss function utilized in the training phase. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is validated using a real-world dataset from five wind farms from the Global Energy Forecasting Competition. Numerical results demonstrate that the algorithm provides more accurate wind power prediction results in complex wind power data environments, which is important for making full use of wind energy and thus reducing the consumption of non-renewable energy in agriculture. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Wind forecasting

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Real-time Multi-person Eyeblink Detection in the Wild for Untrimmed Video

Real-time Multi-person Eyeblink Detection in the Wild for Un...

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Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)

作者： Wenzheng Zeng Yang Xiao Sicheng Wei Jinfang Gan Xintao Zhang Zhiguo Cao Zhiwen Fang Joey Tianyi Zhou Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control Ministry of Education School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China School of Biomedical Engineering Southern Medical University Guangzhou China Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Zhujiang Hospital Southern Medical University Guangzhou China Centre for Frontier AI Research Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore Institute of High Performance Computing Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore

Real-time eyeblink detection in the wild can widely serve for fatigue detection, face anti-spoofing, emotion analysis, etc. The existing research efforts generally focus on single-person cases towards trimmed video. However, multi-person scenario within untrimmed videos is also important for practical applications, which has not been well concerned yet. To address this, we shed light on this research field for the first time with essential contributions on dataset, theory, and practices. In particular, a large-scale dataset termed MPEblink that involves 686 untrimmed videos with 8748 eyeblink events is proposed under multi-person conditions. The samples are captured from uncon-strainedfilms to reveal “in the wild“ characteristics. Meanwhile, a real-time multi-person eyeblink detection method is also proposed. Being different from the existing counter-parts, our proposition runs in a one-stage spatio-temporal way with end-to-end learning capacity. Specifically, it simultaneously addresses the sub-tasks of face detection, face tracking, and human instance-level eyeblink detection. This paradigm holds 2 main advantages: (1) eyeblink features can be facilitated via the face's global context (e.g., head pose and illumination condition) with joint optimization and interaction, and (2) addressing these sub-tasks in parallel instead of sequential manner can save time remarkably to meet the real-time running requirement. Experiments on MPEblink verify the essential challenges of real-time multi-person eyeblink detection in the wild for untrimmed video. Our method also outperforms existing approaches by large margins and with a high inference speed.

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Probabilistic Charging Power Forecast of EVCS: Reinforcement Learning Assisted Deep Learning Approach

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Li, Yuanzheng He, Shangyang Li, Yang Ge, Leijiao Lou, Suhua Zeng, Zhigang School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Key Laboratory on Image Information Processing and Intelligent Control of Ministry of Education Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China China-Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Measurement and Control Technology Wuhan430074 China China-EU Institute for Clean and Renewable Energy Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China School of Electrical Engineering Northeast Electric Power University Jilin 132012 China The Key Laboratory of Smart Grid of Ministry of Education Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

The electric vehicle (EV) and electric vehicle charging station (EVCS) have been widely deployed with the development of large-scale transportation electrifications. However, since charging behaviors of EVs show large uncertainties, the forecasting of EVCS charging power is non-trivial. This paper tackles this issue by proposing a reinforcement learning assisted deep learning framework for the probabilistic EVCS charging power forecasting to capture its uncertainties. Since the EVCS charging power data are not standard time-series data like electricity load, they are first converted to the time-series format. On this basis, one of the most popular deep learning models, the long short-term memory (LSTM) is used and trained to obtain the point forecast of EVCS charging power. To further capture the forecast uncertainty, a Markov decision process (MDP) is employed to model the change of LSTM cell states, which is solved by our proposed adaptive exploration proximal policy optimization (AePPO) algorithm based on reinforcement learning. Finally, experiments are carried out on the real EVCSs charging data from Caltech, and Jet Propulsion Laboratory, USA, respectively. The results and comparative analysis verify the effectiveness and outperformance of our proposed framework. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Markov processes

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Temperature control for Nano-Scale Films by Spatially-Separated Atomic Layer Deposition Based on Generalized Predictive control

引用

IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology 2015年第6期14卷 1094-1103页

作者： He, Wen-Jie Zhang, Hai-Tao Chen, Zhiyong Lin, Ji-Long Tian, Kan Shan, Bin Chen, Rong State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology School of Mechanical Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Automation State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Newcastle CallaghanNSW2308 Australia China-EU Institute for Clean and Renewable Energy Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die and Mould Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

This paper established a closed-loop temperature control system for a spatially-separated atomic layer deposition (S-ALD) reactor using generalized predictive control (GPC) algorithm. The GPC-based closed-loop control system rapidly and precisely stabilized the reactor temperature in the presence of thermal field disturbances. Compared with the proportion-integration differentiation (PID) control commonly used for S-ALD, the closed-loop GPC system attenuated reaction temperature oscillations when producing two-element nano-scale thin films. Furthermore, the proposed GPC system demonstrated the superiority in multi-element nano-laminates depositing efficiency by reducing the settling time with a substrate moving between different reactors. Electrical and optical properties of films verified the feasibility of the proposed GPC system. Finally, experimental results presented that the microstructure of the deposited ALD nanometer thin film was improved with the developed GPC system, compared with the PID strategy. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Atomic layer deposition

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Application of a genetic algorithm in triangulation of a 3-D object surface

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International Journal of Computers and Applications 2000年第2期22卷 73-77页

作者： Zhenyu, Chen Mbede, J.B. Yan, Zhou Dehua, Li Hanping, Hu State Commn. Res. Open Lab. Image P. Inst. Pattern Recog. Artif. Intell. Huazhong Univ. of Sci. and Technol. 430074 Wuhan China Intelligent Contr. and Robotics Lab. Dept. of Contr. Sci. and Engineering Huazhong Univ. of Sci. and Technol. 430074 Wuhan China Second Artillery Institute Huazhong Univ. of Sci. and Technol. Inst. Pattern Recog. Artif. Intell. Huazhong Univ. of Sci. and Technol. Second Artillery Institute China Wuhan University China Artificial Intelligence Department University of Edinburgh Inst. of AI and Pattern Recognition Huazhong Univ. of Sci. and Technol. China Cogn. Sci. Natl. Key Found. Res. P. Douala University Cameroon Tübingen University Germany Automatic Control Laboratory Darmstadt University Department of Service Cameroon Min. of National Education Robotics Laboratory Huazhong Univ. of Sci. and Technol. Wuhan China Assoc. Connectionnistes These-ACTH Rennes France IEEE Soc. of Robotics and Automation IEEE Society of Control Systems IASTED Assoc. Jeunes Chercheurs Robotique France Navy University of Engineering China Huazhong Univ. of Sci. and Technol. China Department of Computer Science Airforce Radar Acad. of Engineering China Inst. of P.R and AI Huazhong Univ. of Sci. and Technol.

This paper proposes a genetic-based algorithm for surface reconstruction of three-dimension (3-D) objects from a group of contours representing its section plane lines. The algorithm can optimize the triangulation of the surface of 3-D objects with a multi-objective optimization function to meet the needs of a wide range of applications. Further, a new crossover operator for triangulation and a new 3-D quadrilateral mutation operator are also introduced.

关键词： Object recognition

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Network Resilience

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2020年

作者： Liu, Xueming Li, Daqing Ma, Manqing Szymanski, Boleslaw K. Eugene Stanley, H. Gao, Jianxi Key Laboratory of Image Information Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei Wuhan430074 China School of Reliability and Systems Engineering Beihang University Beijing100191 China College of Safety Science and Engineering Civil Aviation University of China Tianjin 300300 China Department of Computer Science Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12180 United States Network Science and Technology Center Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12180 United States Center for Polymer Studies Department of Physics Boston University BostonMA02215 United States

Many systems on our planet shift abruptly and irreversibly from the desired state to an undesired state when forced across a "tipping point". Some examples are mass extinctions within ecosystems, cascading failures in infrastructure systems, and changes in human and animal social networks. The ability to avoid such regime shifts or to recover quickly from such a non-resilient state demonstrates a system's resilience;system resilience is a quality that enables a system to adjust its activities to retain its basic functionality when errors and failures occur. In the past 50 years, attention has been paid almost exclusively to low-dimensional systems;scholars have focused on the calibration of the resilience functions of such systems and the identification of indicators of early warning signals based on two to three connected components. In recent years, taking advantage of network theory and the availability of lavish real datasets, network scientists have begun to explore real-world complex networked multidimensional systems, as well as their resilience functions and early warning indicators. This report presents a comprehensive review of resilience functions and regime shifts in complex systems in domains such as ecology, biology, society, and infrastructure. The research approach includes empirical observations, experimental studies, mathematical modeling, and theoretical analysis. We also review the definitions of some ambiguous terms, including robustness, resilience, and stability. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Complex networks

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Adversarial Attacks and Defenses in Physiological Computing: A Systematic Review

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Wu, Dongrui Xu, Jiaxin Fang, Weili Zhang, Yi Yang, Liuqing Xu, Xiaodong Luo, Hanbin Yu, Xiang The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou311121 China The School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China The College of Public Administration Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China The University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States The School of Management and Sino European Institute for Intellectual Property Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

Physiological computing uses human physiological data as system inputs in real time. It includes, or significantly overlaps with, brain-computer interfaces, affective computing, adaptive automation, health informatics, and physiological signal based biometrics. Physiological computing increases the communication bandwidth from the user to the computer, but is also subject to various types of adversarial attacks, in which the attacker deliberately manipulates the training and/or test examples to hijack the machine learning algorithm output, leading to possible user confusion, frustration, injury, or even death. However, the vulnerability of physiological computing systems has not been paid enough attention to, and there does not exist a comprehensive review on adversarial attacks to them. This paper fills this gap, by providing a systematic review on the main research areas of physiological computing, different types of adversarial attacks and their applications to physiological computing, and the corresponding defense strategies. We hope this review will attract more research interests on the vulnerability of physiological computing systems, and more importantly, defense strategies to make them more secure. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Machine learning

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