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arXiv 2023年

作者： Li, Depeng Wang, Tianqi Xu, Bingrong Kawaguchi, Kenji Zeng, Zhigang Suganthan, Ponnuthurai Nagaratnam The School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation The Institute of Artificial Intelligence Huazhong University of Science and Technology The Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control Education Ministry of China Wuhan430074 China The School of Automation Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan430070 China The School of Computing National University of Singapore 117417 Singapore The School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore The KINDI Center for Computing Research College of Engineering Qatar University Doha Qatar

Continual learning can incrementally absorb new concepts without interfering with previously learned knowledge. Motivated by the characteristics of neural networks, in which information is stored in weights on connections, we investigated how to design an Innately Forgetting-Free Network (IF2Net) for continual learning context. This study proposed a straightforward yet effective learning paradigm by ingeniously keeping the weights relative to each seen task untouched before and after learning a new task. We first presented the novel representation-level learning on task sequences with random weights. This technique refers to tweaking the drifted representations caused by randomization back to their separate task-optimal working states, but the involved weights are frozen and reused (opposite to well-known layer-wise updates of weights). Then, sequential decision-making without forgetting can be achieved by projecting the output weight updates into the parsimonious orthogonal space, making the adaptations not disturb old knowledge while maintaining model plasticity. IF2Net allows a single network to inherently learn unlimited mapping rules without telling task identities at test time by integrating the respective strengths of randomization and orthogonalization. We validated the effectiveness of our approach in the extensive theoretical analysis and empirical study. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Decision making

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Channel Reflection: Knowledge-Driven Data Augmentation for Eeg-Based Bcis

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Wang, Ziwei Li, Siyang Luo, Jingwei Liu, Jiajing Wu, Dongrui Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute Shenzhen518063 China China Electronic System Technology Co. Ltd. Beijing100089 China School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

A brain-computer interface (BCI) enables direct communication between the human brain and external devices. Electroencephalography (EEG) based BCIs are currently the most popular for able-bodied users. To increase user-friendliness, usually a small amount of user-specific EEG data are used for calibration, which may not be enough to develop a pure data-driven decoding model. To cope with this typical calibration data shortage challenge in EEG-based BCIs, this paper proposes a parameter-free channel reflection (CR) data augmentation approach that incorporates prior knowledge on the channel distributions of different BCI paradigms in data augmentation. Experiments on eight public EEG datasets across four different BCI paradigms (motor imagery, steady-state visual evoked potential, P300, and seizure classifications) using different decoding algorithms demonstrated that: 1) CR is effective, i.e., it can noticeably improve the classification accuracy;2) CR is robust, i.e., it consistently outperforms other data augmentation approaches in the literature;and, 3) CR is flexible, i.e., it can be combined with other data augmentation approaches to further increase the performance. We suggest that data augmentation approaches like CR should be an essential step in EEG-based BCIs. Our code is available online. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electroencephalography

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Sparse Prior Is Not All You Need: When Differential Directionality Meets Saliency Coherence for Infrared Small Target Detection

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhou, Fei Fu, Maixia Qian, Yulei Yang, Jian Dai, Yimian Ministry of Education Henan Key Laboratory of Grain Photoelectric Detection and Control Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou China Nanjing Marine Radar Institute Nanjing China PCA Lab Key Lab of Intelligent Perception and Systems for High-Dimensional Information of Ministry of Education Jiangsu Key Lab of Image and Video Understanding for Social Security School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing China

Infrared small target detection is crucial for the efficacy of infrared search and tracking systems. Current tensor decomposition methods emphasize representing small targets with sparsity but struggle to separate targets from complex backgrounds due to insufficient use of intrinsic directional information and reduced target visibility during decomposition. To address these challenges, this study introduces a Sparse Differential Directionality prior (SDD) framework. SDD leverages the distinct directional characteristics of targets to differentiate them from the background, applying mixed sparse constraints on the differential directional images and continuity difference matrix of the temporal component, both derived from Tucker decomposition. We further enhance target detectability with a saliency coherence strategy that intensifies target contrast against the background during hierarchical decomposition. A Proximal Alternating Minimization-based (PAM) algorithm efficiently solves our proposed model. Experimental results on several real-world datasets validate our method’s effectiveness, outperforming ten state-of-the-art methods in target detection and clutter suppression. Our code is available at https://***/GrokCV/SDD. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Tensors

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Native gating behavior of ion channels in neurons with null-deviation modeling

Native gating behavior of ion channels in neurons with null-...

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The 4th International Ion Channel Conference(第四届国际离子通道会议)

作者： Wei Wang Jie Luo Panpan Hou Yimei Yang Feng Xiao Ming Yuchi Anlian Qu Luyang Wang Jiuping Ding Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China program in Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute & Department of Physiology University of Toronto Toronto Canada Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control Huazhong University of Science and Technology Ministry of Education Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Life Science and Technology Wuhan China

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EEG-Based Brain-Computer Interfaces Are Vulnerable to Backdoor Attacks

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Meng, Lubin Huang, Jian Zeng, Zhigang Jiang, Xue Yu, Shan Jung, Tzyy-Ping Lin, Chin-Teng Chavarriaga, Ricardo Wu, Dongrui Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Brainnetome Center National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China La Jolla CA United States Center for Advanced Neurological Engineering Institute of Engineering in Medicine Ucsd La Jolla CA United States Centre of Artificial Intelligence Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology University of Technology Sydney Australia Zhaw DataLab Zürich University of Applied Sciences Winterthur8401 Switzerland

Research and development of electroencephalogram (EEG) based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have advanced rapidly, partly due to deeper understanding of the brain and wide adoption of sophisticated machine learning approaches for decoding the EEG signals. However, recent studies have shown that machine learning algorithms are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. This article proposes to use narrow period pulse for poisoning attack of EEG-based BCIs, which is implementable in practice and has never been considered before. One can create dangerous backdoors in the machine learning model by injecting poisoning samples into the training set. Test samples with the backdoor key will then be classified into the target class specified by the attacker. What most distinguishes our approach from previous ones is that the backdoor key does not need to be synchronized with the EEG trials, making it very easy to implement. The effectiveness and robustness of the backdoor attack approach is demonstrated, highlighting a critical security concern for EEG-based BCIs and calling for urgent attention to address it. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electroencephalography

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Real-Time UAV imagery Stitching Based on Grid-Based Motion Statistics

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2018年第1期1069卷

作者： Cheng Li Baolong Guo Xinxing Guo Yunpeng Zhi Institute of Intelligent Control and Image Engineering Xidian University School of Aerospace science and technology No. 2 South Taibai Road Xi'an Shaanxi China.

In order to receive and stitch sequential images from Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) synchronously, an improved approach based on feature points matching is proposed. Firstly, global images with overlapping regions are described by Oriented FAST and Rotated BRIEF (ORB) feature. Then Grid-based Motion Statistics (GMS) method is employed to obtain robust feature correspondence from primary matching pairs, these matching pairs are further validated by neighborhood support and used to get transformation matrix. The performance of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated through computer simulated experiments. Experimental results show that the improved method can efficiently solve the problem of smaller-overlapping and less-textured images with real time capability.

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EEG-Based Brain-Computer Interfaces Are Vulnerable to Backdoor Attacks

Research Square

引用

Research Square 2021年

作者： Meng, Lubin Huang, Jian Zeng, Zhigang Jiang, Xue Yu, Shan Jung, Tzyy-Ping Lin, Chin-Teng Chavarriaga, Ricardo Wu, Dongrui Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China La Jolla CA United States Center for Advanced Neurological Engineering Institute of Engineering in Medicine UCSD La Jolla CA United States Centre of Artificial Intelligence Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology University of Technology Sydney Australia ZHAW DataLab Zürich University of Applied Sciences Winterthur8401 Switzerland

Research and development of electroencephalogram (EEG) based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have advanced rapidly, partly due to the wide adoption of sophisticated machine learning approaches for decoding the EEG signals. However, recent studies have shown that machine learning algorithms are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, e.g., the attacker can add tiny adversarial perturbations to a test sample to fool the model, or poison the training data to insert a secret backdoor. Previous research has shown that adversarial attacks are also possible for EEG-based BCIs. However, only adversarial perturbations have been considered, and the approaches are theoretically sound but very difficult to implement in practice. This article proposes to use narrow period pulse for poisoning attack of EEG-based BCIs, which is more feasible in practice and has never been considered before. One can create dangerous backdoors in the machine learning model by injecting poisoning samples into the training set. Test samples with the backdoor key will then be classified into the target class specified by the attacker. What most distinguishes our approach from previous ones is that the backdoor key does not need to be synchronized with the EEG trials, making it very easy to implement. The effectiveness and robustness of the backdoor attack approach is demonstrated, highlighting a critical security concern for EEG-based BCIs. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Electroencephalography

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Visual Detection and Tracking Based on Fusion Saliency

引用

Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2018年第1期1069卷

作者： Xinxing Guo Baolong Guo Cheng Li Jie Han Institute of Intelligent Control and Image Engineering Xidian University School of Aerospace science and technology No. 2 South Taibai Road Xi'an Shaanxi China.

In order to improve the ability of target tracking effectively, an improved MeanShift algorithm is proposed in this paper. The algorithm combines the saliency map from the computer and from the human vision through Kinect, so that it can obtain the fusion saliency. Then an image segmentation algorithm is adopted to get the target, which is modelled for an improved MeanShift tracking framework. Experimental results show that the algorithm can significantly improve the accuracy.

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An Improved Ft Algorithm Based on Center Enhancement and Eigenvalue Normalization

引用

Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2018年第1期1069卷

作者： Qi Zhang Baolong Guo Zuming Chen Cheng Li Institute of Intelligent Control and Image Engineering Xidian University School of Aerospace science and technology No. 2 South Taibai Road Xi'an Shaanxi China.

The Frequency-tuned method (FT) detection does not work very well when the saliency maps is large and the background environment is complex. Aiming to solve the above problems, this paper improves the traditional FT method, which introduces centre enhancement and eigenvalue normalization. The improvements are implemented to three aspects: enhancing the central area, normalizing the LAB colour feature values, and weighting the LAB three-channel information. Experimental results show that the algorithm is superior to the origin FT in the performance of significant detection, accuracy, recall and other performance.

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Infrared image Super-Resolution Reconstruction via Sparse Representation

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2018年第1期1069卷

作者： Zuming Chen Baolong Guo Qi Zhang Cheng Li Institute of Intelligent Control and Image Engineering Xidian University School of Aerospace science and technology No. 2 South Taibai Road Xi'an Shaanxi China.

Infrared imaging equipment can work at night and in complex environments, but the resolution of infrared image is not good. Super-resolution (SR) is a very important technology in image processing. It can reconstruct the low-resolution image by signal processing without changing the hardware device. This paper presents a novel infrared super-resolution reconstruction algorithm, which is based on sparse representation. Experiment results show that, compared with interpolation based approach, the proposed algorithm shows a better performance in infrared scenarios.

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