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SICE International Symposium on control Systems (ISCS)

作者： Elisabeth Luchini Agnes Poks Dominik Radler Martin Kozek Division of Control and Process Automation Institute of Mechanics and Mechatronics Getreidemarkt 9/325-A5 Vienna Austria PRODUCTBLOKS GmbH Stockerauer Str. 106 Korneuburg Austria

ISBN: (数字)9784907764647

Temperature control of a food supplier vehicle with an insulated cool box (ICB) is critical. Air exchange during the door-opening is a main disturbance which heats up the ICB and accounts for a large part of total cooling load. Usually, this effect is not considered in the control strategy. In this paper a model predictive control (MPC) is used to optimise the temperature control and energy consumption and to handle the door-opening effects. Due to the thermal inertia of the cargo, it can be shown that a technique for estimating the temperature of the cargo instead of the air temperature would lead to a more effective control system. The system and control architecture is presented, the concept of the MPC including door-opening is given and simulation results demonstrate the performance of the concept.

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Disturbance observer and ageing estimation for a temperature controlled food transporter

Disturbance observer and ageing estimation for a temperature...

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2018 SICE International Symposium on control Systems, SICE ISCS 2018

作者： Luchini, Elisabeth Kozek, Martin Institute of Mechanics and Mechatronics Division of Control and Process Automation Getreidemarkt 9/325-A5 ViennaA-1060 Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9784907764586

Temperature control of a food transport system with an insulated cool box (ICB) can be efficiently provided by model predictive control (MPC). However, disturbances like solar irradiation or deterioration of the heat transfer coefficient α of the ICB are typically not detected by sensors. In this paper a disturbance observer for solar irradiation is used to design a fast sampled disturbance compensation obtaining a fast response of the system. Two specific characteristics of the disturbance are utilized to estimate α: 1) During nighttime solar irradiation has its minimum. 2) α declines at a very slow rate. The MPC, irradiation estimation, and α estimation are implemented with different sampling rates. This enables separate and robust estimation and efficient implementation. The system and control architecture is presented, the concept of the observer and estimation is given and simulation results demonstrate the performance of the concept. © 2018 The Society of Instrument and control Engineers - SICE.

关键词： Model predictive control

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Accuracy of the HeartMate 3 Left Ventricular Assist Device Flow Estimation

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Scientific reports 2025年第1期15卷 18971页

作者： Theodor Abart Marko Grujic Philipp Aigner Michael Röhrich Stefan Jakubek Daniel Zimpfer Marcus Granegger Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mechanical Circulatory Support Department of Cardiac and Thoracic Aortic Surgery Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria. Department of Anesthesia Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria. Division of Control and Process Automation Institute of Mechanics and Mechatronics Vienna University of Technology Vienna Austria. Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mechanical Circulatory Support Department of Cardiac and Thoracic Aortic Surgery Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria. marcus.granegger@meduniwien.ac.at.

Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs), such as the HeartMate 3 (HM3), are a treatment option for advanced heart failure (HF). Non-invasive monitoring of heart-pump interaction is crucial but relies on estimated parameters only. Despite the widespread clinical utilization of HM3 estimated flow rate (Q) and pulsatility index (PI) their accuracy was not yet quantified. This study assessed the HM3 monitoring by describing underlying physical characteristics, estimation algorithms and deriving accuracy of estimates in clinical practice. Identification measurements were performed to quantify the physical characteristics and mechanisms of flow estimation. Virtual patients coupled to a hybrid hock circulatory loop were employed to evaluate estimator accuracies in realistic operating conditions. The correlation between Q and torque-generating-current was strong (r² > 0.99, p < 0.001), confirming that estimation is based on speed, current, and viscosity. Also, the PI is directly derived from current. However, the underlying current/flow relationship is ambiguous (one current value corresponds to two flow rates). The HM3 flow estimator showed an RMSE of 1.63 L/min and a correlation coefficient of r = 0.86 (p < 0.001). The non-linear relationship obscures the systolic portion of flow as current declines during peak systole at higher flow rates. HM3 monitoring is unable to accurately represent the actual hemodynamics, particularly in the transition between full support and partial support, which is a region highly prevalent and crucial in clinical practice. It is therefore recommended to interpret values and trends of the HM3 monitoring system with caution.

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Optimal Current Excitation for the Time-Domain Estimation of the Electrochemical Impedance

Optimal Current Excitation for the Time-Domain Estimation of...

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IEEE Conference on Vehicle Power and Propulsion (VPPC)

作者： Daniel Ritzberger Christoph Hametner Stefan Jakubek Institute of Mechanics and Mechatronics Control and Process Automation TU Wien Vienna Austria Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Control and Monitoring of Automotive Powertrain Systems TU Wien Vienna Austria

For the real-time fault detection of electrochemical cells in automotive applications, time-domain based impedance estimation schemes, together with broad-band current excitation signals, have been developed. Whereas the appropriate choice of the estimator is necessary as to prevent a systematic estimation bias, the choice of the applied excitation signal is of equal crucial importance as thereby the covariance of the estimate, and therefore the resulting accuracy of the estimation scheme, is directly influenced. In this work, an optimization of the applied current excitation signal, based on the Fisher information matrix, is proposed and its influence on the estimation accuracy is investigated.

关键词： Estimation Optimization Impedance Time-domain analysis Noise measurement Integrated circuit modeling Equivalent circuits

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A hierarchical MPC for multi-objective mixed-integer optimisation applied to redundant refrigeration circuits

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2017年第1期50卷 9058-9064页

作者： Luchini E. Schirrer A. Kozek M. Institute of Mechanics and Mechatronics Division of Control and Process Automation Getreidemarkt 9/325-A5 Vienna A-1060 Austria

Temperature control of an insulated cool box (ICB) can be efficiently provided by model predictive control. However, if the cooling capacity is supplied by redundant refrigeration circuits (RCs) with both continuous and switched control variables, the overall control design becomes complex: 1) Time constants of the ICB and RCs differ by a factor of approximately 100. 2) Switched and continuous control variables require mixed-integer optimisation. 3) Power consumption, wear, control performance and output tracking call for multi-objective optimisation. In this work a global linear Model Predictive controller (MPC) is designed to compute a desired cooling capacity at a low sampling frequency for a long prediction horizon, while a mixed-integer MPC (MI-MPC) provides the actual cooling capacity utilising a fast sampling frequency and a short prediction horizon. The control concept is presented, a stability prove is given and simulation results demonstrate the performance of the concept. © 2017

关键词： hierarchical MPC mixed-integer optimisation multiple sampling rates refrigeration system

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Realtime-capable FE-based railway catenary emulation via pantograph test rig impedance control

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2017年第1期50卷 8636-8641页

作者： Aschauer G. Schirrer A. Kozek M. Jakubek S. Institute of Mechanics and Mechatronics Division of Control and Process Automation Technische Universität Wien Getreidemarkt 9/325-A5 Vienna A-1060 Austria

This work shows novel results of emulating railway catenary dynamics on a test rig for pantograph testing in order to provide for virtual test rides of railway pantograph current collectors under laboratory conditions. A realtime-capable finite-element model of a railway catenary is formulated efficiently in moving coordinates. An advanced test rig impedance control architecture is adopted for the finite-element model structure, and detailed simulations of an existing full-size pantograph test rig are carried out. The high fidelity of the realtime catenary model as well as the emulation performance of the closed-loop test rig setup in contact with a pantograph model provides promising results for the future implementation of the simulation/control architecture on the test rig hardware. © 2017

关键词： distributed-parameter systems finite elements Impedance control partial differential equations predictive control railways

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Real-time capable nonlinear pantograph models using local model networks in state-space configuration

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2016年第21期49卷 157-162页

作者： Maier, Clemens C. Schirrer, Alexander Kozek, Martin Technische Universität Wien Institute of Mechanics and Mechatronics Division of Control and Process Automation ViennaA-1060 Austria

Modern pantograph current collectors for high-speed trains are mechatronic systems that are increasingly equipped with active control to maximize their dynamic performance. To realize a high-quality contact, decrease wear, and increase speed, it is necessary to use high-fidelity co-simulation and hardware-in-the-loop (HiL) testing tools, as well as modern model-based control (MBC) concepts. In all these areas, efficient, real-time-capable and accurate models of the pantograph dynamics are required. This paper proposes two different real-time-capable nonlinear pantograph models based on the local model network (LMN) methodology, intended for utilization in co-simulation and control design. They are identifiable by measurement data and applicable for different pantograph geometries. The proposed model structures attain significant improvements in accuracy compared to classical models via global linearization, and they are highly computationally efficient. © 2016

关键词： Electric current collection Fuzzy neural networks MIMO systems Model structures Pantographs Quality control Railroad cars Railroads Computationally efficient Hardware in the loops High speed train (HST) Model based controls Neuro fuzzy network Non linear model Real time capability Subspace identification

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Cooperative and Hierarchical Fuzzy MPC for Building Heating control

Cooperative and Hierarchical Fuzzy MPC for Building Heating ...

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IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems

作者： B. Mayer M. Killian M. Kozek FH JOANNEUM Institute of Mechanics and Mechatronics Division of Control and Process-Automation Vienna University of Technology

ISBN: (纸本)9781479920747

A combined cooperative and hierarchical control structure utilizing Fuzzy Model Predictive control (FMPC) for building heating is introduced. The structure comprises three types of Model Predictive controllers (MPC): For different independent zones of the building FMPCs optimize the fast acting input variable fan coils (FC) while a global linear MPC optimizes the slowly acting thermally activated building systems (TABS). Cooperation between these two groups of controllers is guaranteed by an inter-sample iteration. This cooperative structure acts as master in a hierarchical structure, where the slave is a mixed-inter MPC (MI-MPC) in the supply level. While the cooperative structure ensures user comfort in the building, the MI-MPC optimizes monetary costs of heat supply. This structure allows for decoupled and independent modeling of FMPCs, simple incorporation of the coupling input TABS, and decoupled design of the supply level control. A discussion on stability and sub-optimality of the control structure is given. A simulation of a large office building incorporating disturbances of ambient temperature, radiance, and occupancy demonstrates the performance of the proposed concept.

关键词： Fuzzy MPC TS-fuzzy system modelling Building climate control Cooperative MPC Hierachical MPC

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Online Design of Experiments in the Relevant Output Range

Online Design of Experiments in the Relevant Output Range

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Optimization and Optimal control in Automotive Systems: workshop organized by the Austrian Center of Competence in mechatronics, ACCM 2013

作者： Didcock, Nico Rainer, Andreas Jakubek, Stefan Christian Doppler Laboratory for Model Based Calibration Methodologies Institute of Mechanics and Mechatronics Division of Control and Process Automation Vienna University of Technology Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10/325/A5 1040 Vienna Austria AVL List GmbH Hans-List-Platz 1 8020 Graz Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9783319053707

Nonlinear system identification requires informative data obtained from experiments in order to parameterise a model of the underlying process. As an example for the automotive industry, good models for NOx and smoke emissions are required to effectively calibrate modern combustion engines. With continuously increasing complexity in terms of the number of variation channels available in the engines the experimental effort provides a growing challenge for efficient calibration. Design of Experiments (DoE) refers to optimal excitation of the system in order to maximise the knowledge gained for a process under investigation from a limited amount of measurements. We introduce a methodology that omits measurements unrelevant for calibration via pre-specification of restrictions on the inputs as well as the outputs. Output restriction to a certain target region is obtained via a supervising online model that is trained during the workflow. The distribution of input samples obtained via this method is non-uniform over the pre-image of the target region. The effectiveness of this concept is demonstrated for the modeling of NOx and smoke emissions of a diesel engine. © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014.

关键词： Calibration

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Comparison of LQ-optimal actuator / sensor selection approaches for flexible structure systems

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2012年第1期1493卷 459-466页

作者： Mark Hemedi Alexander Schirrer Martin Kozek Vienna University of Technology Institute of Mechanics and Mechatronics Division of Control and Process Automation Austria

In active control of flexible structures, the optimal selection of actuating andmeasurement positions on the structure is a prerequisite to enable effective control design. This paper compares two selection onsets based on the LQG control problem formulation. Although the two selection onsets differ considerably in their idea, it is shown at a classical bending beam example that they produce consistent results. The methods’ characteristics are discussed and outlined, providing a guideline for their applicability in practice. The first onset, published in [11], utilizes the LQG formalism and efficient tuning parameter search to design tuned LQG controllers for each candidate actuator / sensor. Thereby, a normalized performance index can be formulated which reflects the efficiency of actuation / measurement. This very general onset has been shown to produce reliable results in numerically challenging industrial problems and is easily extended to sets of linearized systems of nonlinear plants. The strategy presented in [3] reformulates the LQG design problem into a sensor (actuator) cost minimization problem subject to LMI constraints which implement the corresponding Riccati equations and coupling conditions. A numeric example for this method is given in the present paper for the first time which shows strong discrimination of non-optimal actuator / sensor positions. Both methods are compared at a bending beam input selection task, highlighting each method’s major advantages and limitations.

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