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IEEE Symposium on Intelligent Vehicle

作者： M.S. von Trzebiatowski A. Gern U. Franke U.-P. Kaeppeler P. Levi DaimlerChrysler Research T728 Stuttgart Germany Institute of Paralill and Distributed High-Performance Systems University of Stuttgart Germany

This paper presents a new approach to the challenging task of lane recognition on general roads. Lane recognition is the basis for many driver assistance systems, including lane departure warning and the assignment of vehicles to specific lanes. Most systems of the past are designed for the well defined highway scenario. They rely on white lane markings with known geometric appearance. Our method is an extension which also works when lane markings are in bad conditions or missing completely. We use reflection posts as a means of estimating the course of the road. In addition we are furthermore able to measure the horizontal and vertical slope of the road surface.

关键词： Optical reflection Road transportation Optical filters Optical sensors Equations Vehicle driving Surface texture Solid modeling Image analysis Particle filters

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A Theoretical Framework for End-to-End Video Quality Prediction of MPEG-based Sequences

A Theoretical Framework for End-to-End Video Quality Predict...

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International Conference on Networking and Services (ICNS)

作者： Harilaos Koumaras Anastasios Kourtis Cheng-Han Lin Ce-Kuen Shieh Institute of Informatics and Telecommunications National Centre for Scientific Research Athens Greece High Performance Parallel & Distributed Syst. Laboratory National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781424431526;9780769525588

This paper presents a novel theoretical framework for end-to-end video quality prediction of MPEG-based video sequences. The proposed framework encloses two discrete models: (i) A model for predicting the video quality of an encoded signal at a pre-encoding stage and (ii) A model for mapping QoS-sensitive network parameters (i.e. packet loss) to video quality degradation. The efficiency of both the discrete models is experimentally validated, proving by this way the accuracy of the proposed framework.

关键词： Predictive models Degradation Decoding Propagation losses Encoding Resource management Quality of service Quality assessment Video sequences Streaming media

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WPress: An Application-Driven performance Benchmark for Cloud-Based Virtual Machines

WPress: An Application-Driven Performance Benchmark for Clou...

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International Conference on Enterprise distributed Object Computing (EDOC)

作者： Amir Hossein Borhani Philipp Leitner Bu-Sung Lee Xiaorong Li Terence Hung Institute of High-Performance Computing (IHPC) Singapore s.e.a.l. software evolution & architecture lab University of Zurich Switzerland Parallel and Distributed Computing Center (PDCC) Nanyang Technological University Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9781479954711

Approaching a comprehensive performance benchmark for on-line transaction processing (OLTP) applications in a cloud environment is a challenging task. Fundamental features of clouds, such as the pay-as-you-go pricing model and unknown underlying configuration of the system, are contrary to the basic assumptions of available benchmarks such as TPC-W or RUBiS. In this paper, we introduce a systematic performance benchmark approach for OLTP applications on public clouds that use virtual machines(VMs). We propose WPress benchmark, which is based on the widespread blogging software, WordPress, as a representative OLTP application and implement an open source workload generator. Furthermore, we utilize a CPU micro-benchmark to investigate CPU performance of cloud-based VMs in greater detail. Average response time and total VM cost are the performance metrics measured by WPress. We evaluate small and large instance types of three real-life cloud providers, Amazon EC2, Microsoft Azure and Rackspace cloud. Results imply that Rackspace cloud has better average response times and total VM cost on small instances. However, Microsoft Azure is preferable for large instance type.

关键词： Benchmark testing Cloud computing Time factors Servers Databases Blogs Publishing

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On implementation of a scalable wallet-size cluster computing system for multimedia applications

On implementation of a scalable wallet-size cluster computin...

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5th Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia, PCM 2004

作者： Lee, Liang-Teh Li, Kuan-Ching Yang, Chao-Tung Tseng, Chia-Ying Liu, Kang-Yuan Hung, Chih-Hung Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Tatung University Taipei104 Taiwan Parallel and Distributed Processing Center Dept. of Computer Science and Information Management Providence University Taichung433 Taiwan High Performance Computing Laboratory Dept. of Computer Science and Information Engineering Tunghai University Taichung407 Taiwan Networks and Multimedia Institute Institute for Information Industry Taipei106 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9783540239857

In order to obtain a low-cost, low-power consumption and small sized digital home processing center, especially for multimedia applications, we propose a scalable wallet-size cluster computing system in this paper. Such system uses low-cost, low-power consumption and small sized microprocessors as computing nodes to form a cluster system. The main reason why we are interested to investigate and build such system is to increase the computing power and to accelerate the H.264 video processing. We analyzed the H.264 decoder scheme and distributed the most heavy-load computations in the decoder scheme to each computing node (or microprocessor) of the cluster system for the processing of signals, in parallel. To run multimedia applications in this cluster system, an efficient real-time video processing is implemented. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2004.

关键词： Computing power

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Phase Transition in Taxi Dynamics and Impact of Ridesharing

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Yang, Bo Ren, Shen Legara, Erika Fille Li, Zengxiang Ong, Edward Y.X. Lin, Louis Monterola, Christopher Complex Systems Group Institute of High Performance Computing A-STAR 138632 Singapore Institute of High Performance Computing Distributed Computing A-STAR 138632 Singapore Land Transport Division Ministry of Transport 119903 Singapore Asian Institute of Management Technology and Entrepreneurship School of Innovation Manila Philippines

We develop a numerical model using both artificial and empirical inputs to analyze taxi dynamics in an urban setting. More specifically, we quantify how the supply and demand for taxi services, the underlying road network, and the public acceptance of taxi ridesharing (TRS) affect the optimal number of taxis for a particular city, as well as commuters' average waiting time and trip time. Results reveal certain universal features of the taxi dynamics with real-time taxi-booking|that there is a well-defined transition between the oversaturated phase when demand exceeds supply, and the undersaturated phase when supply exceeds demand. The boundary between the two phases gives the optimal number of taxis a city should accommodate, given the specific demand, road network and commuter habits. Adding or removing taxis may affect commuter experience very differently in the two phases revealed. In the oversaturated phase the average waiting time is affected exponentially, while in the undersaturated phase it is affected sub-linearly. We analyze various factors that can shift the phase boundary, and show that an increased level of acceptance for TRS universally shifts the phase boundary by reducing the number of taxis needed. We discuss some of the useful insights on the benefits and costs of TRS, especially how under certain situations TRS will not only have economic benefits for commuters, but can also save the overall travel time for the shared parties, by significantly reducing the time commuters spend on waiting for taxis. Our simulations also suggest that simple artificial taxi systems can capture most of the universal features of the taxi dynamics. The relevance of the assumptions and the overall methodology are also illustrated using the empirical road network and taxi demand in Singapore. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Taxicabs

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Novel Concept of a Digital SigmaDelta-PLL-Phase-Shift-Modulator

Novel Concept of a Digital SigmaDelta-PLL-Phase-Shift-Modula...

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German Microwave Conference

作者： Juergen Hillebrand Arash Sadeghfam Holger Heuermann Institute of Parallel and Distributed Systems Department of Integrated Systems Engineering University Stuttgart Universitaetsstrasse 38 70569 Germany Department of High Frequency Technologies Aachen University of Applied Sciences Eupener Str. 70 52066 Germany

In this paper, a new concept for a software controlled phase shifter is presented. Hereby, a stable phase shift is realized for the locked loop output signal by digitally controlling the divider patterns of the SigmaDelta-modulator. In combination with a SigmaDelta-vector-signal-generator, it enables the realization of a purely software controlled quadrature amplitude modulation without mixers. Alternatively, it can be implemented in an amplitude independent transmission phase measurements. Furthermore, this concept enables an extremely high resolution of stable phase shifts, resulting in a realiable compact and cost efficient alternative to present hardware concepts with a much higher data rate or an extremely fine measurement resolution.

关键词： Mixers

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A service level agreement layer for the D-Grid infrastructure

A service level agreement layer for the D-Grid infrastructur...

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作者： Kuebert, Roland Tenschert, Axel Wäldrich, Oliver Ziegler, Wolfang Battré, Dominic HLRS - High Performance Computing Center Stuttgart Nobelstraße 19 70569 Stuttgart Germany Fraunhofer Institute SCAI Schloss Birlinghoven 53754 Sankt Augustin Germany Technische Universität Berlin Faculty IV - Eletrical Engineering and Computer Science Dept. of Telecommunication Systems Complex and Distributed IT Systems Einsteinufer 17 10587 Berlin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781905824212

D-Grid is a German national grid initiative founded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research. It provides a frame for the collaboration of researchers across Germany and offers access to distributed services and resources. The SLA4D-Grid project will enhance D-Grid by creating a service level agreement (SLA) layer which is transparently integrated into D-Grid and accessible for the D-Grid community. Copyright © 2010 The Authors.

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Theoretically Guaranteed Online Workload Dispatching for Deadline-Aware Multi-Server Jobs

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Zhao, Hailiang Deng, Shuiguang Yin, Jianwei Dustdar, Schahram Zomaya, Albert Y. School of Computer Science and Technology Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan China The Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States China The Distributed Systems Group The Tu Wien Austria The Centre for Distributed and High-Performance Computing The University of Sydney Australia

Multi-server jobs are imperative in modern computing clusters. A multi-server job has multiple task components and each of the task components is responsible for processing a specific size of workloads. Efficient online workload dispatching is crucial but challenging to co-located heterogeneous multi-server jobs. The dispatching policy should decide (i) where to launch each task component instance of the arrived jobs and (ii) the size of workloads that each task component processes. Existing policies are explicit and effective when facing service locality and resource contention in both offline and online settings. However, when adding the deadline-aware constraint, the theoretical superiority of these policies could not be guaranteed. To fill the theoretical gap, in this paper, we design an α-competitive online workload dispatching policy for deadline-aware multi-server jobs based on the spatio-temporal resource mesh model. We formulate the problem as a social welfare maximization program and solve it online with several well designed pseudo functions. The social welfare is formulated as the sum of the utilities of jobs and the utility of the computing cluster. The proposed policy is rigorously proved to be α-competitive for some α ≥ 2. We also validate the theoretical superiority of it with simulations and the results show that it distinctly outperforms two handcrafted baseline policies on the social welfare. © 2021, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Cluster computing

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Policy-Driven Configuration Management for NoSQL

Policy-Driven Configuration Management for NoSQL

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IEEE International Conference on Cloud Computing, CLOUD

作者： Xianqiang Bao Ling Liu Nong Xiao Yang Zhou Qi Zhang State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing National University of Defense Technology Hunan China Distributed Data Intensive Systems Lab Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia USA

NoSQL systems have become the vital components to deliver big data services in the Cloud. However, existing NoSQL systems rely on experienced administrators to configure and tune the wide range of configurable parameters in order to achieve high performance. In this paper, we present a policy-driven configuration management system for NoSQL systems, called PCM. PCM can identify workload sensitive configuration parameters and capture the tuned parameters for different workloads as configuration policies. PCM also can be used to analyze the range of configuration parameters that may impact on the runtime performance of NoSQL systems in terms of read and write workloads. The configuration optimization recommended by PCM can enable NoSQL systems such as HBase to run much more efficiently than the default settings for both individual worker node and entire cluster in the Cloud. Our experimental results show that HBase under the PCM configuration outperforms the default configuration and some simple configurations on a range of workloads with offering significantly higher throughput.

关键词： Phase change materials Tuning Throughput Loading Compaction Optimization Monitoring

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Load Balancing a Multi-Block Grids-based Application on Heterogeneous Platform

Load Balancing a Multi-Block Grids-based Application on Hete...

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IEEE International Conference on Computational Science and Engineering, CSE

作者： Yonggang Che Chuanfu Xu Zhenghua Wang Institute for Quantum Information & State Key Lab. of High Performance Computing College of Computer National University of Defense Technology Changsha China Science and Technology on Parallel and Distributed Processing Lab National University of Defense Technology Changsha China

ISBN: (数字)9781665403986

ISBN: (纸本)9781665403993

This paper presents a load balancing method for a multi-block grids-based CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) application on heterogeneous platform. This method includes an asymmetric task scheduling scheme and a load balancing model. The idea is to balance the computing speed between the CPU and the coprocessor by adjusting the workload and the numbers of threads on both sides. Optimal load balance parameters are empirically selected, guided by a performance model. performance evaluation is conducted on a computer server consists of two Intel Xeon E5-2670 v3 CPUs and two MIC coprocessors (Xeon Phi 5110P and Xeon Phi 7120P) for the simulation of turbulent combustion in a supersonic combustor. The results show that the performance is highly sensitive to the load balance parameters. With the optimal parameters, the heterogeneous computing achieves a maximum speedup of 2.30 × for a 6-block mesh, and a maximum speedup of 2.66 × for a 8-block mesh, over the CPU-only computing.

关键词： Computational modeling Computational fluid dynamics Load management Servers Task analysis Load modeling Coprocessors

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