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arXiv 2023年

作者： Loni, Alessandro Serra, Paolo Sarzi, Marc Józsa, Gyula I.G. Anta, M. Pablo Galán-De Zabel, Nikki Kleiner, Dane Maccagni, Filippo M. Molnár, Daniel Ramatsoku, Mpati Loi, Francesca Corsini, Enrico M. Pisano, D.J. Kamphuis, Peter Davis, Timothy A. de Blok, W.J.G. Dettmar, Ralf J. Falcon-Barroso, Jesus Iodice, Enrichetta Lara-López, Maritza A. Loubser, S. Ilani Morokuma-Matsui, Kana Peletier, Reynier Pinna, Francesca Poci, Adriano Smith, Matthew W.L. Trager, Scott C. van de Ven, Glenn Armagh Observatory and Planetarium College Hill ArmaghBT61 9DG United Kingdom INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari Via della Scienza 5 CA Selargius09047 Italy Max-Plank-Institut für Radioastronomie Auf dem Hügel 69 Bonn53121 Germany Department of Physics and Electronics Rhodes University PO Box 94 Makhanda6140 South Africa Astrophysics Research Centre School of Mathematics and Physics Queen’s University Belfast BelfastBT7 INN United Kingdom Department of Astronomy University of Cape Town Private Bag X3 Rondebosch7701 South Africa Oude Hoogeveensedijk 4 Dwingeloo7991 PD Netherlands Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia G. Galilei Università di Padova vicolo dell’Osservatorio 3 PadovaI-35122 Italy INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova vicolo dell’Osservatorio 2 PadovaI-35122 Italy Ruhr University Bochum Faculty of Physics and Astronomy Astronomical Institute Bochum44780 Germany School of Physics and Astronomy Cardiff University Queens Buildings The Parade CardiffCF24 3AA United Kingdom Kapteyn Astronomical Institute University of Groningen PO Box 800 GroningenNL−9700 AV Netherlands The Inter-University Institute for Data Intensive Astronomy Department of Astronomy University of Cape Town Private Bag X3 Rondebosch7701 South Africa Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Vía Láctea s/n La Laguna Tenerife E-38205 Spain Departamento de Astrofísica Universidad de La Laguna La Laguna TenerifeE-38200 Spain INAF − Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte Salita Moiariello 16 Naples80131 Italy Madrid28040 Spain Centre for Space Research North−West University Potchefstroom2520 South Africa Center for Computational Sciences University of Tsukuba Ten-nodai 1-1-1 Tsukuba Ibaraki305-8577 Japan Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie Königstuhl 17 HeidelbergD-69117 Germany Centre for Extragalactic Astronomy University of Durham Stockton Road DurhamDH1 3LE United Kingdom Department of Astrophysics University of Vienna Türkenschanzs

We study the evolutionary path of the Fornax cluster galaxy NGC 1436, which is known to be currently transitioning from a spiral into a lenticular morphology. This galaxy hosts an inner star-forming disc and an outer quiescent disc, and we analyse data from the MeerKAT Fornax Survey, ALMA, and the Fornax 3D survey to study the interstellar medium and the stellar populations of both disc components. Thanks to the combination of high resolution and sensitivity of the MeerKAT data, we find that the HI is entirely confined within the inner star-forming disc, and that its kinematics is coincident with that of the CO. The cold gas disc is now well settled, which suggests that the galaxy has not been affected by any environmental interactions in the last ∼ 1 Gyr. The star formation history derived from the Fornax 3D data shows that both the inner and outer disc experienced a burst of star formation ∼ 5 Gyr ago, followed by rapid quenching in the outer disc and by slow quenching in the inner disc, which continues forming stars to this day. We claim that NGC 1436 has begun to effectively interact with the cluster environment 5 Gyr ago, when a combination of gravitational and hydrodynamical interactions caused the temporary enhancement of the star-formation rate. Furthermore, due to the weaker gravitational binding HI was stripped from the outer disc, causing its rapid quenching. At the same time, accretion of gas onto the inner disc stopped, causing slow quenching in this region. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Galaxies

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Comparison and Evaluation of Methods for a Predict+Optimize Problem in Renewable Energy

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Bergmeir, Christoph de Nijs, Frits Sriramulu, Abishek Abolghasemi, Mahdi Bean, Richard Betts, John Bui, Quang Dinh, Nam Trong Einecke, Nils Esmaeilbeigi, Rasul Ferraro, Scott Galketiya, Priya Genov, Evgenii Glasgow, Robert Godahewa, Rakshitha Kang, Yanfei Limmer, Steffen Magdalena, Luis Montero-Manso, Pablo Peralta, Daniel Kumar, Yogesh Pipada Sunil Rosales-Pérez, Alejandro Ruddick, Julian Stratigakos, Akylas Stuckey, Peter Tack, Guido Triguero, Isaac Yuan, Rui Department of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Monash University Melbourne Australia School of Mathematics and Physics University of Queensland Brisbane Australia Centre for Energy Data Innovation School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering University of Queensland Brisbane Australia School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering University of Adelaide Adelaide Australia Honda Research Institute Europe GmbH Offenbach am Main63073 Germany School of Information Technology Deakin University Melbourne Australia Building and Property Division Monash University Melbourne Australia EVERGi MOBI Vrije Universiteit Brussel Brussels Belgium School of Economics and Management Beihang University Beijing China E.T.S. Ingenieros Informáticos Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Madrid28660 Spain Disciple of Business Analytics University of Sydney Australia IDLab Department of Information Technology Ghent University - imec Belgium Department of Computer Science Centro de Investigación en Matem áticas Monterrey66629 Mexico Mines Paris PSL University Sophia Antipolis06904 France DaSCI Andalusian Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence Granada Spain Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence University of Granada Granada Spain

Algorithms that involve both forecasting and optimization are at the core of solutions to many difficult real-world problems, such as in supply chains (inventory optimization), traffic, and in the transition towards carbon-free energy generation in battery/load/production scheduling in sustainable energy systems. Typically, in these scenarios we want to solve an optimization problem that depends on unknown future values, which therefore need to be forecast. As both forecasting and optimization are difficult problems in their own right, relatively few research has been done in this area. This paper presents the findings of the "IEEE-CIS Technical Challenge on Predict+Optimize for Renewable Energy Scheduling," held in 2021. We present a comparison and evaluation of the seven highest-ranked solutions in the competition, to provide researchers with a benchmark problem and to establish the state of the art for this benchmark, with the aim to foster and facilitate research in this area. The competition used data from the Monash Microgrid, as well as weather data and energy market data. It then focused on two main challenges: forecasting renewable energy production and demand, and obtaining an optimal schedule for the activities (lectures) and on-site batteries that lead to the lowest cost of energy. The most accurate forecasts were obtained by gradient-boosted tree and random forest models, and optimization was mostly performed using mixed integer linear and quadratic programming. The winning method predicted different scenarios and optimized over all scenarios jointly using a sample average approximation method. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Forecasting

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The UNCOVER Survey: A first-look HST+JWST catalog of 60, 000 galaxies near Abell 2744 and beyond

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Weaver, John R. Cutler, Sam E. Pan, Richard Whitaker, Katherine E. Labbé, Ivo Price, Sedona H. Bezanson, Rachel Brammer, Gabriel Marchesini, Danilo Leja, Joel Wang, Bingjie Furtak, Lukas J. Zitrin, Adi Atek, Hakim Chemerynska, Iryna Coe, Dan Dayal, Pratika van Dokkum, Pieter Feldmann, Robert Förster Schreiber, Natascha M. Franx, Marijn Fujimoto, Seiji Fudamoto, Yoshinobu Glazebrook, Karl de Graaff, Anna Greene, Jenny E. Juneau, Stéphanie Kassin, Susan Kriek, Mariska Khullar, Gourav Maseda, Michael V. Mowla, Lamiya A. Muzzin, Adam Nanayakkara, Themiya Nelson, Erica J. Oesch, Pascal A. Pacifici, Camilla Papovich, Casey Setton, David J. Shapley, Alice E. Shipley, Heath V. Smit, Renske Stefanon, Mauro Taylor, Edward N. Weibel, Andrea Williams, Christina C. Department of Astronomy University of Massachusetts AmherstMA01003 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Tufts University 574 Boston Ave. MedfordMA02155 United States Denmark Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing Swinburne University of Technology MelbourneVIC3122 Australia Department of Physics and Astronomy PITT PACC University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA15260 United States Niels Bohr Institute University of Copenhagen Jagtvej 128 København NDK-2200 Denmark Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Institute for Computational & Data Sciences The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Physics Department Ben-Gurion University of the Negev P.O. Box 653 Beer-Sheva8410501 Israel Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris CNRS Sorbonne Université 98bis Boulevard Arago Paris75014 France 3700 San Martin Drive BaltimoreMD21218 United States United States Center for Astrophysical Sciences Department of Physics and Astronomy The Johns Hopkins University 3400 N Charles St. BaltimoreMD21218 United States Kapteyn Astronomical Institute University of Groningen P.O. Box 800 Groningen9700 AV Netherlands Department of Astronomy Yale University New HavenCT06511 United States Institute for Computational Science University of Zurich Winterhurerstrasse 190 ZurichCH-8057 Switzerland Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik Gießenbachstraße 1 Garching85748 Germany Leiden Observatory Leiden University P.O.Box 9513 LeidenNL-2300 AA Netherlands Department of Astronomy The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering Faculty of Science and Engineering Waseda University 3-4-1 Okubo Shinjuku Tokyo169-8555 Japan National Astronomical Observatory of Jap

In November 2022, the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) returned deep near-infrared images of Abell 2744 – a powerful lensing cluster capable of magnifying distant, incipient galaxies beyond it. Together with the existing Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging, this publicly available dataset opens a fundamentally new discovery space to understand the remaining mysteries of the formation and evolution of galaxies across cosmic time. In this work, we detect and measure some 60 000 objects across the 49 arcmin2 JWST footprint down to a 5 σ limiting magnitude of ∼30 mag in 0.32′′ apertures. Photometry is performed using circular apertures on images matched to the point spread function of the reddest NIRCam broad band, F444W, and cleaned of bright cluster galaxies and the related intracluster light. To give an impression of the photometric performance, we measure photometric redshifts and achieve a σNMAD ≈ 0.03 based on known, but relatively small, spectroscopic samples. With this paper, we publicly release our HST and JWST PSF-matched photometric catalog with optimally assigned aperture sizes for easy use, along with single aperture catalogs, photometric redshifts, rest-frame colors, and individual magnification estimates. These catalogs will set the stage for efficient and deep spectroscopic follow-up of some of the first JWST-selected samples in Summer 2023. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Photometry

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RUBIES: a complete census of the bright and red distant Universe with JWST/NIRSpec

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： de Graaff, Anna Brammer, Gabriel Weibel, Andrea Lewis, Zach Maseda, Michael V. Oesch, Pascal A. Bezanson, Rachel Boogaard, Leindert A. Cleri, Nikko J. Cooper, Olivia R. Gottumukkala, Rashmi Greene, Jenny E. Hirschmann, Michaela Hviding, Raphael E. Katz, Harley Labbé, Ivo Leja, Joel Matthee, Jorryt McConachie, Ian Miller, Tim B. Naidu, Rohan P. Price, Sedona H. Rix, Hans-Walter Setton, David J. Suess, Katherine A. Wang, Bingjie Whitaker, Katherine E. Williams, Christina C. Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie Königstuhl 17 HeidelbergD-69117 Germany Copenhagen Denmark Niels Bohr Institute University of Copenhagen Jagtvej 128 Copenhagen Denmark Department of Astronomy University of Geneva Chemin Pegasi 51 Versoix1290 Switzerland Department of Astronomy University of Wisconsin-Madison 475 N. Charter St. MadisonWI53706 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy PITT PACC University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA15260 United States Leiden Observatory Leiden University PO Box 9513 LeidenNL-2300 RA Netherlands Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Institute for Computational & Data Sciences The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Department of Astronomy The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX United States Department of Astrophysical Sciences Princeton University 4 Ivy Lane PrincetonNJ08544 United States Institute of Physics Laboratory for Galaxy Evolution Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne Observatoire de Sauverny Chemin Pegasi 51 Versoix1290 Switzerland Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics University of Chicago 5640 S Ellis Avenue ChicagoIL60637 United States Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing Swinburne University of Technology MelbourneVIC3122 Australia Am Campus 1 Klosterneuburg3400 Austria Northwestern University 1800 Sherman Ave EvanstonIL60201 United States MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research 77 Massachusetts Ave. CambridgeMA02139 United States Department for Astrophysical & Planetary Science University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Department of Astronomy University of Massachusetts AmherstMA01003 United States NSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory 950 North Cherry Avenue TucsonAZ85719 Unit

We present the Red Unknowns: Bright Infrared Extragalactic Survey (RUBIES), providing JWST/NIRSpec spectroscopy of red sources selected across ∼ 150 arcmin2 from public JWST/NIRCam imaging in the UDS and EGS fields. RUBIES novel observing strategy offers a well-quantified selection function: the survey is optimised to reach high (> 70%) spectroscopic completeness for bright and red (F150W − F444W > 2) sources that are very rare. To place these rare sources in context, we simultaneously observe a reference sample of the 2 phot phot > 3 using only the G395M disperser. The RUBIES data reveal a highly diverse population of red sources that span a broad redshift range (zspec ∼ 1 − 9), with photometric redshift scatter and outlier fraction that are 3 times higher than for similarly bright sources that are less red. This diversity is not apparent from the photometric spectral energy distributions (SEDs). Only spectroscopy reveals that the SEDs encompass a mixture of galaxies with dust-obscured star formation, extreme line emission, a lack of star formation indicating early quenching, and luminous active galactic nuclei. As a first demonstration of our broader selection function we compare the stellar masses and rest-frame U − V colours of the red sources and our reference sample: red sources are typically more massive (M∗ ∼ 1010−11.5 Mo) across all redshifts. However, we also find that the most massive systems span a wide range in U − V colour. We describe our data reduction procedure and data quality, and publicly release the reduced RUBIES data and vetted spectroscopic redshifts of the first half of the survey through the DAWN JWST Archive. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Stars

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Spectroscopic confirmation of a dust-obscured, possibly metal-rich dwarf galaxy at z ∼ 5

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Bisigello, L. Gandolfi, G. Feltre, A. Haro, Arrabal P. Calabrò, A. Cleri, N.J. Costantin, L. Girardi, G. Giulietti, M. Grazian, A. Gruppioni, C. Hathi, N.P. Holwerda, B.W. Llerena, M. Lucas, R.A. Pacucci, F. Prandoni, I. Rodighiero, G. Seillé, L.-M. Wilkins, S.M. Bagley, M. Dickinson, M. Finkelstein, S.L. Kartaltepe, J. Koekemoer, A.M. Papovich, C. Pirzkal, N. INAF Istituto di Radioastronomia Via Piero Gobetti 101 Bologna40129 Italy Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "G. Galilei" Università di Padova Via Marzolo 8 Padova35131 Italy INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri Largo E. Fermi 5 Firenze50125 Italy NSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory 950 N. Cherry Ave. TucsonAZ85719 United States Astrophysics Science Division NASA Goddard Space Flight Center 8800 Greenbelt Rd GreenbeltMD20771 United States INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma via di Frascati 33 Monte Porzio Catone00078 Italy Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Institute for Computational and Data Sciences The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States CSIC-INTA Ctra de Ajalvir km 4 Torrejón de Ardoz Madrid28850 Spain INAF–Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova Vicolo dell’Osservatorio 5 PadovaI-35122 Italy INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio via Gobetti 93/3 BolognaI-40129 Italy Space Telescope Science Institute 3700 San Martin Drive BaltimoreMD21218 United States Physics & Astronomy Department University of Louisville LouisvilleKY40292 United States Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian 60 Garden St CambridgeMA02138 United States Black Hole Initiative Harvard University 20 Garden St CambridgeMA02138 United States Aix Marseille Univ CNRS CNES LAM Marseille France Astronomy Centre University of Sussex Falmer BrightonBN1 9QH United Kingdom Institute of Space Sciences and Astronomy University of Malta MsidaMSD 2080 Malta Department of Astronomy The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX United States Cosmic Frontier Center The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX United States Laboratory for Multiwavelength Astrophysics School of Physics and Astro

We present the first spectroscopic confirmation of a dust-obscured dwarf galaxy, CEERS-14821. The analysis was performed by combining JWST NIRCam broadband photometry and NIRSpec/PRISM spectroscopic data. From the detection of multiple rest-frame optical lines, we derive that CEERS-14821 is located at z = 4.883 ± 0.003. Moreover, from a secure detection of the Hα and Hβ, we derive that the galaxy has a dust extinction ranging from AV = 2.2+−00.56 to AV = 3.4+−00.79, depending on the assumed reddening law. This value is extremely large given that we estimated a low stellar mass, that is, log10(M/M☉) = 8.17+−00.0504 or log10(M/M☉) = 8.65+−00.0605, based on two different dust extinction laws. Moreover, the combination of different metallicity tracers and the spectro-photometric fit suggests that the galaxy may also be metal-rich, with 12 + log10(O/H) > 8.3, but a low metallicity value cannot be totally ruled out. The high metallicity value would be above the expectation based on the mass-metallicity relation. Both metallicity estimations are above the expectations based on the fundamental mass-metallicity relation since CEERS-14821 is going through a burst of star formation. The constraints on a possible active galactic nucleus presence are limited and loose, but they point towards a possible non-dominant contribution (fAGN © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Stars

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The Young Supernova Experiment data Release 1 (YSE DR1): Light Curves and Photometric Classification of 1975 Supernovae

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Aleo, P.D. Malanchev, K. Sharief, S. Jones, D.O. Narayan, G. Foley, R.J. Villar, V.A. Angus, C.R. Baldassare, V.F. Bustamante-Rosell, M.J. Chatterjee, D. Cold, C. Coulter, D.A. Davis, K.W. Dhawan, S. Drout, M.R. Engel, A. French, K.D. Gagliano, A. Gall, C. Hjorth, J. Huber, M.E. Jacobson-Galán, W.V. Kilpatrick, C.D. Langeroodi, D. Macias, P. Mandel, K.S. Margutti, R. Matasić, F. McGill, P. Pierel, J.D.R. Ramirez-Ruiz, E. Ransome, C.L. Rojas-Bravo, C. Siebert, M.R. Smith, K.W. de Soto, K.M. Stroh, M.C. Tinyanont, S. Taggart, K. Ward, S.M. Wojtak, R. Auchettl, K. Blanchard, P.K. de Boer, T.J.L. Boyd, B.M. Carroll, C.M. Chambers, K.C. DeMarchi, L. Dimitriadis, G. Dodd, S.A. Earl, N. Farias, D. Gao, H. Gomez, S. Grayling, M. Grillo, C. Hayes, E.E. Hung, T. Izzo, L. Khetan, N. Kolborg, A.N. Law-Smith, J.A.P. LeBaron, N. Lin, C.-C. Luo, Y. Magnier, E.A. Matthews, D. Mockler, B. O’Grady, A.J.G. Pan, Y.-C. Politsch, C.A. Raimundo, S.I. Rest, A. Ridden-Harper, R. Sarangi, A. Schrøder, S.L. Smartt, S.J. Terreran, G. Thorp, S. Vazquez, J. Wainscoat, R.J. Wang, Q. Wasserman, A.R. Yadavalli, S.K. Yarza, R. Zenati, Y. Department of Astronomy University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 1002 W. Green St. IL61801 United States Fellow United States Center for AstroPhysical Surveys National Center for Supercomputing Applications UrbanaIL61801 United States Sternberg Astronomical Institute Lomonosov Moscow State University 13 Universitetsky pr. Moscow119234 Russia Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics University of California Santa CruzCA95064 United States Gemini Observatory NSF’s NOIRLab 670 N. A’ohoku Place HiloHI96720 United States Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Institute for Computational & Data Sciences The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA United States Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States DARK Niels Bohr Institute University of Copenhagen Jagtvej 128 Copenhagen2200 Denmark Department of Physics & Astronomy Washington State University PullmanWA99164 United States LIGO Laboratory Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research Massachusetts Institute of Technology 185 Albany St CambridgeMA02139 United States Institute of Astronomy Kavli Institute for Cosmology Madingley Road CambridgeCB3 0HA United Kingdom Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics University of Toronto 50 St. George Street TorontoONM5S 3H4 Canada NSF Graduate Fellow Institute for Astronomy University of Hawaii 2680 Woodlawn Drive HonoluluHI96822 United States Department of Astronomy University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Space Telescope Science Institute BaltimoreMD21218 United States Astrophysics Research Centre School of Mathematics and Physics Queen’s University Belfast BelfastBT7 1NN United Kingdom School of Physics The University of Melbourne VIC3010 Australia Australia LSSTC Cata

We present the Young Supernova Experiment data Release 1 (YSE DR1), comprised of processed multi-color Pan-STARRS1 (PS1) griz and Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) gr photometry of 1975 transients with host-galaxy associations, redshifts, spectroscopic/photometric classifications, and additional data products from 2019 November 24 to 2021 December 20. YSE DR1 spans discoveries and observations from young and fast-rising supernovae (SNe) to transients that persist for over a year, with a redshift distribution reaching z ≈ 0.5. We present relative SN rates from YSE’s magnitude- and volume-limited surveys, which are consistent with previously published values within estimated uncertainties for untargeted surveys. We combine YSE and ZTF data, and create multi-survey SN simulations to train the ParSNIP and SuperRAENN photometric classification algorithms;when validating our ParSNIP classifier on 472 spectroscopically classified YSE DR1 SNe, we achieve 82% accuracy across three SN classes (SNe Ia, II, Ib/Ic) and 90% accuracy across two SN classes (SNe Ia, core-collapse SNe). Our classifier performs particularly well on SNe Ia, with high (>90%) individual completeness and purity, which will help build an anchor photometric SNe Ia sample for cosmology. We then use our photometric classifier to characterize our photometric sample of 1483 SNe, labeling 1048 (∼71%) SNe Ia, 339 (∼23%) SNe II, and 96 (∼6%) SNe Ib/Ic. YSE DR1 provides a training ground for building discovery, anomaly detection, and classification algorithms, performing cosmological analyses, understanding the nature of red and rare transients, exploring tidal disruption events and nuclear variability, and preparing for the forthcoming Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Supernovae

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Structured ionized winds shooting out from a quasar at relativistic speeds

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Nature 2025年 2025 May 14页

作者： XRISM collaboration Department of Astronomy University of Geneva Versoix Switzerland Department of Physics Ehime University Ehime Japan Department of Astronomy University of Maryland College Park MD USA NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD USA Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology II (CRESST II) NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD USA Center for Space Sciences and Technology University of Maryland Baltimore County (UMBC) Baltimore MD USA Cahill Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD USA Department of Physics University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Department of Physics Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian Cambridge MA USA Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA USA Department of Astronomy University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research Leiden The Netherlands Leiden Observatory Leiden University Leiden The Netherlands ESO Garching bei München Germany Centre for Extragalactic Astronomy Department of Physics Durham University Durham UK Kavli IPMU (WPI) UTIAS University of Tokyo Kashiwa Chiba Japan Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS) Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) Sagamihara Japan Department of Physics Saitama University Saitama Japan Department of Physics Kyoto University Kyoto Japan Department of Economics Kumamoto Gakuen University Kumamoto Japan Department of Physics Tokyo Metropolitan University Tokyo Japan Department of Physics Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan Department of Physics Fujita Health University Toyoake Japan Department of Astronomy and Physics Saint Mary’s University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC) Europea

Evidence indicates that supermassive black holes (SMBHs) exist at the centres of most galaxies. Their mass correlates with the galactic bulge mass, suggesting a coevolution with their host galaxies, most likely through powerful winds. X-ray observations have detected highly ionized winds outflowing at sub-relativistic speeds from the accretion disks around SMBHs. However, the limited spectral resolution of present X-ray instruments has left the physical structure and location of the winds poorly understood, hindering accurate estimates of their kinetic power. Here the first X-Ray Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission (XRISM) observation of the luminous quasar PDS 456 is reported. The high-resolution spectrometer Resolve aboard XRISM enabled the discovery of five discrete velocity components outflowing at 20-30% of the speed of light. This demonstrates that the wind structure is highly inhomogeneous, which probably consists of up to a million clumps. The mass outflow rate is estimated to be 60-300 solar masses per year, with the wind kinetic power exceeding the Eddington luminosity limit. Compared with the galaxy-scale outflows, the kinetic power is more than three orders of magnitude larger, whereas the momentum flux is ten times larger. These estimates disfavour both energy-driven and momentum-driven outflow models. This suggests that such wind activity occurs in less than 10% of the quasar phase and/or that its energy/momentum is not efficiently transferred to the galaxy-scale outflows owing to the clumpiness of the wind and the interstellar medium.

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Little Red Dots at an Inflection Point: Ubiquitous "V-Shaped" Turnover Consistently Occurs at the Balmer Limit

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Setton, David J. Greene, Jenny E. de Graaff, Anna Ma, Yilun Leja, Joel Matthee, Jorryt Bezanson, Rachel Boogaard, Leindert A. Cleri, Nikko J. Katz, Harley Labbe, Ivo Maseda, Michael V. McConachie, Ian Miller, Tim B. Price, Sedona H. Suess, Katherine A. van Dokkum, Pieter Wang, Bingjie Weibel, Andrea Whitaker, Katherine E. Williams, Christina C. Department of Astrophysical Sciences Princeton University 4 Ivy Lane PrincetonNJ08544 United States Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie Königstuhl 17 HeidelbergD-69117 Germany Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Institute for Computational & Data Sciences The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Am Campus 1 Klosterneuburg Austria Department of Physics and Astronomy PITT PACC University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA15260 United States Leiden Observatory Leiden University PO Box 9513 LeidenNL-2300 RA Netherlands Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics University of Chicago 5640 S Ellis Avenue ChicagoIL60637 United States Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics University of Chicago ChicagoIL60637 United States Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing Swinburne University of Technology MelbourneVIC3122 Australia Department of Astronomy University of Wisconsin-Madison 475 N. Charter St. MadisonWI53706 United States Northwestern University 1800 Sherman Ave EvanstonIL60201 United States Department for Astrophysical & Planetary Science University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Astronomy Department Yale University 219 Prospect St New HavenCT06511 United States Department of Astronomy University of Geneva Chemin Pegasi 51 Versoix1290 Switzerland Department of Astronomy University of Massachusetts AmherstMA01003 United States Denmark NSF National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory 950 North Cherry Avenue TucsonAZ85719 United States

Among the most puzzling early discoveries of JWST are "Little Red Dots" – compact red sources that host broad Balmer emission lines and, in many cases, exhibit a "V shaped" change in slope in the rest-optical. The physical properties of Little Red Dots currently have order-of-magnitude uncertainties, because models to explain the continuum of these sources differ immensely. Here, we leverage the complete selection of red sources in the RUBIES program, supplemented with public PRISM spectra, to study the origin of this "V shape". By fitting a broken power law with a flexible inflection point, we find that a large fraction (20/44, nearly all spatially unresolved) of extremely red Hα emitters at 2 4 K hydrogen due to the clear preference for a break at H∞ © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Active Galactic Nuclei

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Multi-phase black-hole feedback and a bright [CII] halo in a Lo-BAL quasar at z ∼ 6.6

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Bischetti, Manuela Choi, Hyunseop Fiore, Fabrizio Feruglio, Chiara Carniani, Stefano D’Odorico, Valentina Bañados, Eduardo Chen, Huanqing Decarli, Roberto Gallerani, Simona Hlavacek-Larrondo, Julie Lai, Samuel Leighly, Karen M. Mazzucchelli, Chiara Perreault-Levasseur, Laurence Tripodi, Roberta Walter, Fabian Wang, Feige Yang, Jinyi Zanchettin, Maria Vittoria Zhu, Yongda Dipartimento di Fisica Universitá di Trieste Sezione di Astronomia Via G.B. Tiepolo 11 TriesteI-34131 Italy INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste Via G. B. Tiepolo 11 TriesteI–34131 Italy Département de Physique Université de Montréal Succ. Centre-Ville MontréalQCH3C 3J7 Canada Mila - Quebec Artificial Intelligence Institute MontréalQC Canada IFPU - Institut for fundamental physics of the Universe Via Beirut 2 Trieste34014 Italy Scuola Normale Superiore Piazza dei Cavalieri 7 PisaI-56126 Italy Max Planck Institut für Astronomie Königstuhl 17 HeidelbergD-69117 Germany Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics University of Toronto 60 St George St TorontoONM5R 2M8 Canada INAF - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna via Gobetti 93/3 BolognaI-40129 Italy Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics Australian National University CanberraACT2611 Australia Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy The University of Oklahoma 440 W. Brooks St. NormanOK73019 United States Núcleo de Astronomía de la Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad Diego Portales Av. Ejército Libertador 441 Santiago Chile Ciela - Montreal Institute for Astrophysical Data Analysis and Machine Learning Montréal Canada Center for Computational Astrophysics Flatiron Institute 162 5th Avenue New YorkNY10010 United States University of Ljubljana FMF Jadranska 19 1000 Slovenia Steward Observatory University of Arizona 933 N Cherry Avenue TucsonAZ85721 United States SISSA Via Bonomea 265 Trieste34136 Italy Department of Physics & Astronomy University of California RiversideCA92521 United States

Although the mass growth of supermassive black holes during the Epoch of Reionisation is expected to play a role in shaping the concurrent growth of their host-galaxies, observational evidence of feedback at z6 is still sparse. We perform the first multi-scale and multi-phase characterisation of black-hole driven outflows in the z ∼ 6.6 quasar J0923+0402 and assess how these winds impact the cold gas reservoir. We employ the SimBAL spectral synthesis to fit broad absorption line (BAL) features and find a powerful ionized outflow on 210 pc scale, with a kinetic power ∼ 2 − 100% of the quasar luminosity. ALMA observations of [CII] emission allow us to study the morphology and kinematics of the cold gas. We detect high-velocity [CII] emission, likely associated with a cold neutral outflow at ∼ 0.5−2 kpc scale in the host-galaxy, and a bright extended [CII] halo with a size of ∼ 15 kpc. For the first time at such an early epoch, we accurately constrain the outflow energetics in both the ionized and the atomic neutral gas phases. We find such energetics to be consistent with expectations for an efficient feedback mechanism, and both ejective and preventative feedback modes are likely at play. The scales and energetics of the ionized and atomic outflows suggest that they might be associated with different quasar accretion episodes. The results of this work indicate that strong black hole feedback is occurring in quasars at z 6 and is likely responsible for shaping the properties of the cold gas reservoir up to circum-galactic scales. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Galaxies

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Chronicling the host galaxy properties of the remarkable repeating FRB 20201124A

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Fong, Wen-Fai Dong, Yuxin Leja, Joel Bhandari, Shivani Day, Cherie K. Deller, Adam T. Kumar, Pravir Prochaska, J. Xavier Scott, Danica R. Bannister, Keith W. Eftekhari, Tarraneh Gordon, Alexa C. Heintz, Kasper E. James, Clancy W. Kilpatrick, Charles D. Mahony, Elizabeth K. Escorial, Alicia Rouco Ryder, Stuart D. Shannon, Ryan M. Tejos, Nicolas Department of Physics and Astronomy Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Purdue University Department of Physics and Astronomy 525 Northwestern Avenue West LafayetteIN47907 United States Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Institute for Computational & Data Sciences The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA United States Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States CSIRO Space and Astronomy PO Box 76 EppingNSW1710 Australia Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing Swinburne University of Technology HawthornVIC3122 Australia Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics University of California Santa CruzCA95064 United States 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha Kashiwa277-8583 Japan International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research Curtin University BentleyWA6102 Australia Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian 60 Garden St. CambridgeMA02138 United States Centre for Astrophysics and Cosmology Science Institute University of Iceland Dunhagi 5 Reykjavík107 Iceland Niels Bohr Institute University of Copenhagen Jagtvej 128 Copenhagen Ø2100 Denmark Department of Physics & Astronomy Macquarie University NSW2109 Australia Macquarie University Research Centre for Astronomy Astrophysics & Astrophotonics SydneyNSW2109 Australia Instituto de Física Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso Casilla Valparaíso 4059 Chile

We present the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) localization and follow-up observations of the host galaxy of the repeating fast radio burst (FRB) source, FRB 20201124A, the fifth such extragalactic repeating FRB with an identified host. From spectroscopic observations using the 6.5-m MMT Observatory, we derive a redshift of z = 0.0979 ±0.0001, a star formation rate inferred from Hα emission of SFR(Hα) ≈ 2.1 M☉ yr-1, and a gas-phase metallicity of 12+log(O/H)≈ 9.0. By jointly modeling the 12-filter optical-mid-infrared (MIR) photometry and spectroscopy of the host, we infer a median stellar mass of ≈ 2 × 1010 M☉, internal dust extinction of AV ≈ 1 - 1.5 mag, and a mass-weighted stellar population age of ≈ 5 - 6 Gyr. Connecting these data to the radio and X-ray observations, we cannot reconcile the broad-band behavior with strong AGN activity and instead attribute the dominant source of persistent radio emission to star formation, likely originating from the circumnuclear region of the host. The modeling also indicates a hot dust component contributing to the MIR luminosity at a level of ≈ 10 - 30%. We model the host galaxy's star formation and mass assembly histories, finding that the host assembled > 90% of its mass by 1 Gyr ago and exhibited a fairly constant SFR for most of its existence, with no clear evidence of past star-burst activity. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Stars

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