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Degradation of carbamazepine by the UVA-LED_(365)/ClO_(2)/NaClO process:Kinetics,mechanisms and DBPs yield

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第2期148卷 399-408页

作者： Chenyan Hu Yihui Wu Zhengyu Dong Ziyi Dong Shengjie Ji Lili Hu Xinyu Yang Hao Liu College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Engineering Research Center of EnergySaving in Heat Exchange SystemsShanghai University of Electric PowerShanghai 200090China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China

A mixed oxidant of chlorine dioxide(ClO_(2))and NaClO was often used in water treatment.A novel UVA-LED(_(365) nm)-activated mixed ClO_(2)/NaClO process was proposed for the degradation of micropollutants in this ***(CBZ)was selected as the target *** with the UVA_(365)/ClO_(2) process,the UVA_(365)/ClO_(2)/NaClO process can improve the degradation of CBZ,with the rate constant increasing from 2.11×10^(−4) sec^(−1) to 2.74×10^(−4) sec^(−1).In addition,the consumption of oxidants in the UVA_(365)/ClO_(2)/NaClO process(73.67%)can also be lower than that of UVA_(365)/NaClO(86.42%).When the NaClO ratio increased,both the degradation efficiency of CBZ and the consumption of oxidants can increase in the UVA_(365)/ClO_(2)/NaClO *** solution pH can affect the contribution of NaClO in the total oxidant *** the pH range of 6.0-8.0,the combination process can generate more active species to promote the degradation of *** change of active species with oxidant molar ratio was investigated in the UVA_(365)/ClO_(2)/NaClO *** ClO_(2) acted as the main oxidant,HO·and Cl·were the main active species,while when NaClO was the main oxidant,ClO·played a role in the *** chloride ion(Cl^(-)),bicarbonate ion(HCO_(3)^(-)),and nitrate ion(NO_(3)^(-))can promote the reaction *** the concentration of NaClO in the reaction solution increased,the generation of chlorates will *** UVA_(365)/ClO_(2)/NaClO process can effectively control the formation of volatile disinfection by-products(DBPs),and with the increase of ClO_(2) dosage,the formation of DBPs can also decrease.

关键词： UVA Chlorine dioxide(ClO_(2)) NaClO Carbamazepine(CBZ) Disinfection by-products

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Study on the Characteristics of Natural Grounding Resistance of Underground Tunnels 11th

Study on the Characteristics of Natural Grounding Resistance...

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11th Frontier Academic Forum of Electrical engineering, FAFEE 2024

作者： Ma, Pengyu Li, Benliang Zou, Jun State Key Lab of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipment Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China State Power Economic Research Institute Beijing102200 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819787791

With the development of cities, underground tunnels are more and more widely used, and the reinforced concrete in their walls can be used as the natural grounding body of the tunnels. However, underground tunnels have curved structures, multiple cross-sections and deep-buried structures, and the electrical conductivity of the concrete is different from that of the soil, etc., and the traditional analytical method has limitations in calculating the grounding resistance of the tunnels in these cases. In order to satisfy the needs of practical engineering, this paper adopts a numerical method based on the MoM numerical method to analyze the grounding system of underground tunnels with complex geometries and to calculate the grounding resistance of reinforced concrete systems in underground tunnels. In order to assess the difference between the analytical solution and the exact solution, the article introduces a correction factor to measure the ratio between the two. Simulations are carried out for real cases, and the results show that the accuracy of the analytical solution can be improved by introducing the correction factor. © Beijing Paike Culture Commu. Co., Ltd. 2025.

关键词： correction factor grounding resistance numerical method Underground tunnels

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Study on the frequencies of natural oscillations of car transporter wagon

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Noise and Vibration Worldwide 2025年第1-2期56卷 5-24页

作者： Muradian, Leontii Shvets, Anzhelika Nikitenko, Anatolii Shvets, Angela Department of Wagons and Wagon Facilities Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies Dnipro Ukraine Division of Traction and Electrical Power Economics Electrical Power Engineering Institute Warsaw University of Technology Warsaw Poland Department of Engineering and Design Specialized Department Microprocessor-Based Control Systems and Safety in the Railway Transport Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies Dnipro Ukraine

The development of new products and services allows railway transport to constantly increase the fleet of specialised wagons, which, in comparison with the universal rolling stock, have the best technical and economic indicators. A significant part of cars is delivered by railways, and it is economically reasonable to transport them on a specialised rolling stock. In this regard, the development of a methodology for refined theoretical studies of the strength of bodies of a double-deck rolling stock for passenger cars transportation, the choice of appropriate design schemes and parameters of the bodies, the analysis of the frequencies and forms of their natural oscillations, taking into account the finite stiffness of the elements, are urgent research tasks. The research uses the methods of structural mechanics of rod systems, the applied theory of elasticity, and discrete masses. A wide range of frequencies and forms of the natural free oscillations was obtained using the discrete mass method for a structural scheme with load transfer from the upper to the lower level of the wagon with the help of four racks. The applied methodology of theoretical determination of frequencies and forms of the natural free oscillations of the car transporter wagon by the method of discrete masses is effective. It allows for the estimation of the dynamic characteristics of the wagon. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Bending oscillations twisting oscillations bouncing oscillations car transporter wagon double-deck rolling stock final rigidity of elements

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Transformer-Based Scenario Generation of Multi-segment Monotonic Increasing Bidding Curves of power Plants

Transformer-Based Scenario Generation of Multi-segment Monot...

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International Conference of Electrical, Electronic and Networked Energy systems, EENES 2024

作者： Xie, Haochuan Lv, Jianhu Wang, Ying Yuan, Kun College of Software Southeast University Suzhou China China Electric Power Research Institute Beijing China Key Laboratory of Measurement and Control of Complex Systems of Engineering Ministry of Education Southeast University Nanjing China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819618637

With the relaxation of electricity market regulation, power plants are permitted to engage in bidding. The bidding outcomes in the competitive market differ significantly from those in the previously regulated market. These differences in bidding outcomes will further impact power flow and system security. To provide a reference for practical electricity market operations, make market simulation more realistic, it is crucial to analyze and establish a model to simulate the bidding behavior of power generators. This paper applies Transformer networks to predict multi-segment bidding behaviors of power plants, we have improved the classic Transformer network by adopting a one encoder-two decoder format, considering six key factors influencing bidding behavior: unit ID, fuel type, capacity, location, system load, and load ratio. Additionally, monotonicity of the multi-segment bidding curves of power plants is taken into account, and monotonicity loss functions are introduced to achieve this goal. We apply this method to predict bidding behaviors in power plants in the Australian electricity market, validating the accuracy of the model. © Beijing Paike Culture Commu. Co., Ltd. 2025.

关键词： bidding curves generation monotonicity constraint power market Transformer-based

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Model-Free Current Predictive control for PMSMs With Ultra-Local Model Employing Fixed-Time Observer and Extremum-Seeking Method

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IEEE Transactions on power Electronics 2025年

作者： Lin, Xinpo Liu, Jianxing Liu, Zhuang Gao, Yabin Peretti, Luca Wu, Ligang Harbin Institute of Technology Department of Control Science and Engineering Weihai264209 China Harbin Institute of Technology Department of Control Science and Engineering Harbin150001 China KTH Royal Institute of Technology Division of Electric Power and Energy Systems Stockholm10044 Sweden

Conventional model predictive current control of permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) relies heavily on a precise mathematical model, which may be challenging to obtain in certain cases. To address this issue, this paper proposes a model-free predictive current controller for PMSMs. Specifically, the dynamic model of the motor currents is represented using two ultra-local models, which express the derivatives of a controlled output as the sum of an amplified control input and an unknown offset term. All system parameters, nonlinear terms, and unmodeled dynamics are encapsulated into two offset terms. Online estimation of these two offset terms is performed using a second-order fixed-time convergence observer without requiring exact knowledge of the system parameters in advance. In contrast to both the linear extended state observer and the super-twisting observer, the fixed-time observer enhances convergence speed while concurrently sustaining minimal chatting. To get rid of the need for model rated parameters, an extremum-seeking approach is utilized to tune the control gains in the ultra-local model, where the amplitude of the disturbance item in extremum-seeking approach is adaptively attenuated, resulting in effective reduction of the fluctuations of both the control gains and PMSM's currents in steady state. Subsequently, a predictive controller is designed using this ultra-local model. Finally, the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed control scheme are confirmed through experimental results. © 1986-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Permanent magnets

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Optimal Pole-Transition Current Distribution for Constant Torque Maintenance and Stator Copper Loss Minimization in Variable-Pole Machines

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IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification 2025年

作者： Lin, Xinpo Wu, Yixuan Olson, Gustaf Falk Liu, Jianxing Wu, Ligang Peretti, Luca Department of Control Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Weihai264200 China Division of Electric Power and Energy Systems Kth Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm10044 Sweden Department of Control Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150001 China

Variable phase-pole machines possess the capability to expand their operational range by employing magnetic pole change while adhering to the same electrical voltage and current limits. This paper proposes a strategy to achieve a pole change with constant torque while simultaneously optimizing current distributions for stator copper loss minimization. The overall outcome is the ability to facilitate smooth dq0 current transitions while reducing the energy consumption of variable phase-pole machine drives. Experimental results affirm the efficacy of this approach during the pole change process. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Electric machine control

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Overview of Digital Solutions to Improve Operational Efficiency and Reduce Emissions for Coal-Fired Thermal power Plants

Overview of Digital Solutions to Improve Operational Efficie...

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International Russian Smart Industry Conference (SmartIndustryCon)

作者： Va Hoang Van Elena I. Merzlikina Electrical and Electronics Engineering Technology Dai Nam University Hanoi Vietnam Automated Control Systems for Thermal Processes National Research University Moscow Power Engineering Institute Moscow Russian Federation

ISBN: (数字)9798331511241

ISBN: (纸本)9798331511258

In Vietnam, many energy sources are currently in operation, such as thermal power, hydropower, biomass power, solar power, wind power, etc. However, thermal power still accounts for a large and important part of the power system. In particular, these thermal power plants burn fossil fuels like coal. To ensure the operational efficiency of thermal power plants while reducing emissions and contributing to Vietnam's roadmap to achieving net zero by 2050, it is essential to address the fluctuations in coal resources that are not as originally designed. This situation poses many challenges for thermal power plants in Vietnam. It requires a comprehensive solution to control and evaluate the entire operational process in the plant, especially in the boiler area, which determines key factors such as efficiency, reliability, and emissions of the plant.

关键词： Temperature measurement Temperature sensors power measurement Furnaces Process control Coal Wind power generation Boilers Combustion power generation

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Performance-Aware control of Modular Batteries For Fast Frequency Response

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IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy 2025年

作者： He, Yutong Ruan, Guangchun Zhong, Haiwang Tsinghua University State Key Laboratory of Power System Operation and Control Department of Electrical Engineering Beijing100084 China Massachusetts Institute of Technology Lab for Information and Decision Systems CambridgeMA02139 United States

Modular batteries can be aggregated to deliver frequency regulation services for power grids. Although utilizing the idle capacity of battery modules is financially attractive, it remains challenging to consider the heterogeneous module-level characteristics such as dynamic operational efficiencies and battery degradation. In addition, real-time decision making within seconds is required to enable fast frequency response. In order to address these issues, this paper proposes a performance-aware scheduling approach for battery modules to deliver fast frequency response (FFR) support. In particular, the conduction loss and switching loss of battery packs as well as converters are captured within a mix-integer quadratic constrained program (MIQCP). The cycle-based aging model identifies the aging cost of battery modules during frequent cycling by introducing the aging subgradient calculation and linearization. Case studies based on real-world battery data show that the proposed scheduling approach can effectively reduce power loss cost by nearly 28%-57% and battery aging cost by 4%-15% compared to conventional methods, which can also enhance the SoC balance. © 2010-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Battery management systems

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Enhancing nickel-rich cathodes with dual-modified Li2MoO4/LiF layers for improved Longevity and stability

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Journal of power Sources 2025年 644卷

作者： Huang, Sipeng Xu, Tongtong Peng, Yiting Xu, Qunjie Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Energy-Saving in Heat Exchange Systems Shanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai200090 China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092 China

Nickel-rich ternary layered oxide (NLO), possessing a high capacity of 200 mAh/g, emerges as a promising candidate for lithium-ion battery cathodes. Nevertheless, its utility is hindered by poor structural stability and an unstable cathode solid electrolyte interphase (CEI). Through the application of self-sacrificing MoO3-x and NH4F, the lithium fluoride has been utilized to generate highly thermodynamically stable and robust Li2MoO4/LiF as a Li conductor, enhancing Li diffusion kinetics and decelerating structural degradation. Moreover, the beneficial role of the Li/Ni disordered epitaxial layer, formed via lattice reconstruction, in enhancing the structural stability and surface chemical stability of NLO materials is significant. Consequently, such a "double protection" hybrid interphase grants high-nickel cathodes exceptional rate capability and long-term cycle life (up to 350 cycles at 1C with a capacity retention of 80.3 %), even operating in a broader electrochemical window without structural collapse. Moreover, the assembled full cells with a modified NCM@LMF2 cathode (1.6 mAh/cm2) and graphite anode (1.9 mAh/cm2) can deliver a lifespan of over 1000 cycles of use. This work presents a simple and efficient strategy to control ion transport and reactions at the cathode-electrolyte interface, which can enhance the potential for successful commercial applications of lithium-ion batteries. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Solid electrolytes

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Unit commitment with bidirectional ramping constraints of flexibility retrofit thermal power unit

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International Journal of Electrical power and Energy systems 2025年 168卷

作者： Jiang, Jingxiao Zhu, Yanran Wang, Ying Guo, Xiaorui Lv, Jianhu Qin, Jianxiang Yan, Xingyun Zhang, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Measurement and Control of Complex Systems of Engineering Ministry of Education Southeast University Nanjing210096 China China Electric Power Research Institute Nanjing210003 China State Grid Ningxia Electric Power Co. Ltd. Yinchuan 750001 China

Flexibility retrofits of thermal power units have been widely implemented to improve power system balancing. These retrofits enable operation below the regular minimum output, known as deep peak regulation, to accommodate increasing renewable energy integration. Due to the inherent characteristics of thermal power units, ramp-up rates and ramp-down rates generally differ. Existing studies often overlook this difference by assuming equal ramping rates. To bridge this gap, this paper systematically models and analyses bidirectional ramping constraints in unit commitment (UC) models, providing a more accurate and realistic representation of the ramping process. Specifically, this paper proposes three innovative bidirectional ramping models. The first is the all-period fixed bidirectional ramping (AFBR) model, which assumes a constant ramp rate across all periods. The second model is the interperiod dynamic bidirectional ramping (InterDBR) model, which captures variations in ramping rates across different peak regulation states, including deep peak regulation with oil (DPRO), deep peak regulation (DPR), and regular peak regulation (RPR). These ramping rate adjustments are restricted to interperiod scheduling periods. The third is the intraperiod dynamic bidirectional ramping (IntraDBR) model, which considers transitions between DPRO, DPR, and RPR within an intraperiod scheduling period, thereby reflecting actual operational conditions of the unit. We validate the effectiveness of the proposed bidirectional ramping models on the IEEE 118-bus system and a real-world Ningxia power Grid system. Results demonstrate that bidirectional ramping models more accurately and effectively support dispatch scheduling decisions, improving system security and economic efficiency. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Retrofitting

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