Subcritical hydrothermal pretreatment of oil palm frond pressed fiber was conducted at various combined severity factors to evaluate the effect of carbon dioxide addition on the glucose recovery following saccharifica...
Subcritical hydrothermal pretreatment of oil palm frond pressed fiber was conducted at various combined severity factors to evaluate the effect of carbon dioxide addition on the glucose recovery following saccharification. Preliminary pretreatment work using stainless steel tube reactor yielded a glucose production of 57.l% (gig substrate) at pretreatment condition of l80°C, l MPa carbon dioxide for 20 min. At the same time, improvement of cellulose percentage to 56.7%, together with a reduction of hemicellulose content of 50% was observed. Further pretreatment work using miniclave at l80°C and l MPa carbon dioxide for 30 minutes resulted in a higher glucose yield of 78.6% (gig substrate), which is 46.2% more compared to the untreated oil palm pressed fiber. Examination of physical properties of the pretreated pressed fiber indicated that subcritical hydrothermal pretreatment successfully altered its resilient structure where increment of crystallinity index, specific surface area and pore volume were achieved. Hence, this approach was found effective for high glucose recovery from oil palm frond for biethanol production.
Generation of biofuels from renewable resources such as lignocellulosic biomass is a promising approach to reduce the sole reliability on the depleting fossil fuel. The aim of this work is to assess the potential envi...
Generation of biofuels from renewable resources such as lignocellulosic biomass is a promising approach to reduce the sole reliability on the depleting fossil fuel. The aim of this work is to assess the potential environmental impact of bioethanol production from oil palm frond in a conceptual oil palm based biorefinery model, utilizing wet disc milling as a pretreatment method. A cradle-to-gate approach was selected, beginning with the harvesting and transportation of the frond petiole from the plantation, followed by production of oil palm frond petiole sugars via pretreatment and saccharification prior to bioethanol fermentation, and finally purification of the fermentation products to obtain anhydrous bioethanol. A life cycle assessment was performed using CML 2 baseline 2000 method (SimaPro v8.0), where ten impact categories were evaluated. It was found that the most significant environmental impact was from sugar recovery process with contribution of more than 90 %. This is mainly due to high power consumption by wet disc milling during pretreatment. Apart from that, production of enzyme and chemicals which were used during saccharification consumes high energy thus contributing major problems to the surrounding. Finding of this study helps to identify the hotspot which can be improved to establish a more energy efficient and greener system for bioethanol production from oil palm frond petiole sugars.
This article is a case study to compare the economic viabilities of biogas generation and compost projects in a palm oil mill in Malaysia with and without clean development mechanism (CDM). Biogas is captured from ana...
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