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arXiv 2022年

作者： Ye, Chen Xie, Xiangnan Lv, Wenxing Huang, Ke Yang, Allen Jian Jiang, Sicong Liu, Xue Zhu, Dapeng Qiu, Xuepeng Tong, Mingyu Zhou, Tong Hsu, Chuang-Han Chang, Guoqing Lin, Hsin Li, Peisen Yang, Kesong Wang, Zhenyu Jiang, Tian Wang, Xiao Renshaw Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing College of Computer Science and Technology National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China Physics Laboratory Industrial Training Center Shenzhen Polytechnic Guangdong Shenzhen518055 China Department of NanoEngineering Program of Chemical Engineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093-0448 United States Program of Materials Science and Engineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093-0418 United States Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui University Hefei230601 China Fert Beijing Institute MIIT Key Laboratory of Spintronics School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing100191 China Beihang-Goertek Joint Microelectronics Institute Qingdao Research Institute Beihang University Qingdao266000 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology School of Physics Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China Insitute of Physics Academia Sinica Taipei115229 Taiwan College of Intelligence Science and Technology National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology Academy of Military Sciences PLA China Beijing100010 China Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing100084 China Beijing Institute for Advanced Study National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Ave 639798 Singapore

MnBi2Te4 (MBT) is the first intrinsic magnetic topological insulator with the interaction of spin-momentum locked surface electrons and intrinsic magnetism, and it exhibits novel magnetic and topological phenomena. Recent studies suggested that the interaction of electrons and magnetism can be affected by the Mn-doped Bi2Te3 phase at the surface due to inevitable structural defects. Here we report an observation of nonreciprocal transport, i.e. current-direction-dependent resistance, in a bilayer composed of antiferromagnetic MBT and nonmagnetic Pt. The emergence of the nonreciprocal response below the Néel temperature confirms a correlation between nonreciprocity and intrinsic magnetism in the surface state of MBT. The angular dependence of the nonreciprocal transport indicates that nonreciprocal response originates from the asymmetry scattering of electrons at the surface of MBT mediated by magnon. Our work provides an insight into nonreciprocity arising from the correlation between magnetism and Dirac surface electrons in intrinsic magnetic topological insulators. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Magnetism

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Physics case for quarkonium studies at the Electron Ion Collider

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Boer, Daniël Flett, Chris A. Flore, Carlo Kikola, Daniel Lansberg, Jean-Philippe Nefedov, Maxim Van Hulse, Charlotte Bhattacharya, Shohini Bor, Jelle Butenschoen, Mathias Ceccopieri, Federico Chen, Longjie Cheung, Vincent D’Alesio, Umberto Echevarria, Miguel Hatta, Yoshitaka Hyde, Charles E. Kishore, Raj Kosarzewski, Leszek Lorcé, Cédric Li, Wenliang Li, Xuan Maxia, Luca Metz, Andreas Mukherjee, Asmita Camacho, Carlos Muñoz Murgia, Francesco Nadel-Turonski, Pawel Pisano, Cristian Qiu, Jian-Wei Rajesh, Sangem Rinaldi, Matteo West, Jennifer Rittenhouse Saleev, Vladimir Santiesteban, Nathaly Setyadi, Chalis Taels, Pieter Tu, Zhoudunmin Vitev, Ivan Vogt, Ramona Watanabe, Kazuhiro Yao, Xiaojun Yedelkina, Yelyzaveta Yoshida, Shinsuke Van Swinderen Institute for Particle Physics and Gravity University of Groningen Groningen9747 AG Netherlands Université Paris-Saclay CNRS IJCLab Orsay91405 France Dipartimento di Fisica Università di Torino INFN Sezione di Torino Via P. Giuria 1 TorinoI-10125 Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Università di Cagliari INFN Sezione di Cagliari Cittadella Univ. CA MonserratoI-09042 Italy Faculty of Physics Warsaw University of Technology plac Politechniki 1 Warszawa00-661 Poland University of Alcalá Alcalá de Henares Madrid Spain Physics Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Bldg. 510A UptonNY11973 United States II. Institut für Theoretische Physik Universität Hamburg Luruper Chaussee 149 Hamburg22761 Germany Université de Liège B4000 Liège Belgium Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter Institute of Quantum Matter South China Normal University Guangzhou510006 China Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science Southern Nuclear Science Computing Center South China Normal University Guangzhou510006 China Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCA94551 United States Department of Physics EHU Quantum Center University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU Apartado 644 Bilbao48080 Spain RIKEN BNL Research Center Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNY11973 United States Department of Physics Old Dominion University NorfolkVA23529 United States Center for Frontiers in Nuclear Science Stony Brook University Stony BrookNY11794 United States Department of Physics The Ohio State University ColumbusOH43210 United States CPHT CNRS Ecole polytechnique Institut Polytechnique de Paris Palaiseau91120 France Stony Brook University Stony BrookNY11794 United States Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNM87545 United States Department of Physics Temple University Philadelp

关键词： Elementary particle interactions

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Resource theory of asymmetric distinguishability

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Physical Review Research 2019年第3期1卷 033170-033170页

作者： Xin Wang Mark M. Wilde Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 USA Institute for Quantum Computing Baidu Research Beijing 100193 China Hearne Institute for Theoretical Physics Department of Physics and Astronomy Center for Computation and Technology Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana 70803 USA

This paper systematically develops the resource theory of asymmetric distinguishability, as initiated roughly a decade ago [Matsumoto, Reverse test and characterization of quantum relative entropy, arXiv:1010.1030]. The key constituents of this resource theory are quantum boxes, consisting of a pair of quantum states, which can be manipulated for free by means of an arbitrary quantum channel. We introduce bits of asymmetric distinguishability as the basic currency in this resource theory, and we prove that it is a reversible resource theory in the asymptotic limit, with the quantum relative entropy being the fundamental rate of resource interconversion. The distillable distinguishability is the optimal rate at which a quantum box consisting of independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) states can be converted to bits of asymmetric distinguishability, and the distinguishability cost is the optimal rate for the reverse transformation. Both of these quantities are equal to the quantum relative entropy. The exact one-shot distillable distinguishability is equal to the min-relative entropy, and the exact one-shot distinguishability cost is equal to the max-relative entropy. Generalizing these results, the approximate one-shot distillable distinguishability is equal to the smooth min-relative entropy, and the approximate one-shot distinguishability cost is equal to the smooth max-relative entropy. As a notable application of the former results, we prove that the optimal rate of asymptotic conversion from a pair of i.i.d. quantum states to another pair of i.i.d. quantum states is fully characterized by the ratio of their quantum relative entropies.

关键词： quantum channels quantum information processing Resource theories

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Repeated radiation damage and thermal annealing of avalanche photodiodes

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： DSouza, Ian Bourgoin, Jean-Philippe Higgins, Brendon L. Lim, Jin Gyu Tannous, Ramy Agne, Sascha Moffat, Brian Makarov, Vadim Jennewein, Thomas Institute for Quantum Computing University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada Russian Quantum Center Skolkovo Moscow121205 Russia Shanghai Branch National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of China Shanghai201315 China NTI Center for Quantum Communications National University of Science and Technology MISiS Moscow119049 Russia

Avalanche photodiodes (APDs) are well-suited for single-photon detection on quantum communication satellites as they are a mature technology with high detection efficiency without requiring cryogenic cooling. They are, however, prone to significantly increased thermal noise caused by in-orbit radiation damage. Previous work demonstrated that a one-time application of thermal annealing reduces radiation-damage-induced APD thermal noise. Here we examine the effect of cyclical proton irradiation and thermal annealing. We use an accelerated testing environment which emulates a realistic two-year operating profile of a satellite in low-Earth-orbit. We show that repeated thermal annealing is effective at maintaining thermal noise of silicon APDs within a range suitable for quantum key distribution throughout the nominal mission life, and beyond. We examine two strategies—annealing at a fixed period of time, and annealing only when the thermal noise exceeds a pre-defined limit. We find both strategies exhibit similar thermal noise at end-of-life, with a slight overall advantage to annealing conditionally. We also observe that afterpulsing probability of the detector increases with cumulative proton irradiation. This knowledge helps guide design and tasking decisions for future space-borne quantum communication applications. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Particle beams

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Integrality, duality and finiteness in combinatoric topological strings

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： de Mello Koch, Robert He, Yang-Hui Kemp, Garreth Ramgoolam, Sanjaye Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science1 Institute of Quantum Matter South China Normal University Guangzhou510006 China Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter1 Southern Nuclear Science Computing centre South China Normal University Guangzhou510006 China School of Physics Mandelstam Institute for Theoretical Physics University of Witwatersrand Wits2050 South Africa London Institute for Mathematical Sciences Royal Institution of GB W1S 4BS United Kingdom Merton College University of Oxford OX14JD United Kingdom Department of Mathematics City University of London EC1V 0HB United Kingdom School of Physics NanKai University Tianjin300071 China Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics University of Johannesburg Auckland Park2006 South Africa School of Physics and Astronomy Centre for Research in String Theory Queen Mary University of London LondonE1 4NS United Kingdom

A remarkable result at the intersection of number theory and group theory states that the order of a finite group G (denoted |G|) is divisible by the dimension dR of any irreducible complex representation of G. We show that the integer ratios |G|2/d2R are combinatorially constructible using finite algorithms which take as input the amplitudes of combinatoric topological strings (G-CTST) of finite groups based on 2D Dijkgraaf-Witten topological field theories (G-TQFT2). The ratios are also shown to be eigenvalues of handle creation operators in G-TQFT2/G-CTST. These strings have recently been discussed as toy models of wormholes and baby universes by Marolf and Maxfield, and Gardiner and Megas. Boundary amplitudes of the G-TQFT2/G-CTST provide algorithms for combinatoric constructions of normalized characters. Stringy S-duality for closed G-CTST gives a dual expansion generated by disconnected entangled surfaces. There are universal relations between G-TQFT2 amplitudes due to the finiteness of the number K of conjugacy classes. These relations can be labelled by Young diagrams and are captured by null states in an inner product constructed by coupling the G-TQFT2 to a universal TQFT2 based on symmetric group algebras. We discuss the scenario of a 3D holographic dual for this coupled theory and the implications of the scenario for the factorization puzzle of 2D/3D holography raised by wormholes in 3D. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Holography

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A novel approach to verifying context free properties of programs 1

引用

12th International Conference on Algorithmic Aspects in Information and Management, AAIM 2018

作者： Zhang, Nan Duan, Zhenhua Tian, Cong Du, Hongwei Institute of Computing Theory and Technology and ISN Laboratory Xidian University Xi’an710071 China Department of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen518055 China

ISBN: (数字)9783030046187

ISBN: (纸本)9783030046170

This paper proposes an approach to verifying programs against context free properties. To this end, the system to be verified is modeled by a program m in Modeling, Simulation and Verification Language (MSVL), and the desired property is also specified by an MSVL program m'. Then program m and formula ¬m' are interpreted by means of executing programs m and m'. If an acceptable execution path is generated, a counterexample is found, otherwise the property is valid. To show how the proposed approach works, an example is given. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2018.

关键词： Model checking

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One-Way LOCC indistinguishable lattice states via operator structures

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Kribs, David W. Mintah, Comfort Nathanson, Michael Pereira, Rajesh Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Guelph GuelphONN1G 2W1 Canada Institute for Quantum Computing Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Saint Mary's College of California MoragaCA94556 United States

Lattice states are a class of quantum states that nat-urally generalize the fundamental set of Bell states. We apply recent results from quantum error correction and from one-way lo-cal operations and classical communication (LOCC) theory, that are built on the structure theory of operator systems and operator algebras, to develop a technique for the construction of relatively small sets of lattice states not distinguishable by one-way LOCC schemes. We also present examples, show the construction extends to generalized Pauli states, and compare the construction to other recent work. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： quantum entanglement

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Exploring Entanglement and Optimization within the Hamiltonian Variational Ansatz

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PRX quantum 2020年第2期1卷 020319-020319页

作者： Roeland Wiersema Cunlu Zhou Yvette de Sereville Juan Felipe Carrasquilla Yong Baek Kim Henry Yuen Vector Institute MaRS Centre Toronto Ontario M5G 1M1 Canada Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada Department of Computer Science University of Toronto Ontario M5T 3A1 Canada Institute for Quantum Computing University of Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada Department of Physics University of Toronto Ontario M5S 1A7 Canada Department of Computer Science and Department of Mathematics University of Toronto Ontario M5T 3A1 Canada

quantum variational algorithms are one of the most promising applications of near-term quantum computers; however, recent studies have demonstrated that unless the variational quantum circuits are configured in a problem-specific manner, optimization of such circuits will most likely fail. In this paper, we focus on a special family of quantum circuits called the Hamiltonian variational ansatz (HVA), which its takes inspiration from the quantum approximate optimization algorithm and adiabatic quantum computation. Through the study of its entanglement spectrum and energy-gradient statistics, we find that the HVA exhibits favorable structural properties such as mild or entirely absent barren plateaus and a restricted state space that eases their optimization in comparison to the well-studied “hardware-efficient ansatz.” We also numerically observe that the optimization landscape of the HVA becomes almost trap free, i.e., there are no suboptimal minima, when the ansatz is overparametrized. We observe a size-dependent “computational phase transition” as the number of layers in the HVA circuit is increased where the optimization crosses over from a hard to an easy region in terms of the quality of the approximations and the speed of convergence to a good solution. In contrast to the analogous transitions observed in the learning of random unitaries, which occur at a number of layers that grows exponentially with the number of qubits, our variational-quantum-eigensolver experiments suggest that the threshold to achieve the overparametrization phenomenon scales at most polynomially in the number of qubits for the transverse-field Ising and XXZ models. Lastly, as a demonstration of its entangling power and effectiveness, we show that the HVA can find accurate approximations to the ground states of a modified Haldane-Shastry Hamiltonian on a ring, which has long-range interactions and has a power-law entanglement scaling.

关键词： quantum algorithms quantum computation quantum entanglement

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Optimal verification and fidelity estimation of maximally entangled states

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Physical Review A 2019年第5期99卷 052346-052346页

作者： Huangjun Zhu Masahito Hayashi Department of Physics and Center for Field Theory and Particle Physics Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing 210093 China Graduate School of Mathematics Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8602 Japan Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China Centre for Quantum Technologies National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 2 117542 Singapore

We study the verification of maximally entangled states by virtue of the simplest measurement settings: local projective measurements without adaption. We show that optimal protocols are in one-to-one correspondence with complex projective 2-designs constructed from orthonormal bases. Optimal protocols with minimal measurement settings are in one-to-one correspondence with complete sets of mutually unbiased bases. Based on this observation, optimal protocols are constructed explicitly for any local dimension, which can also be applied to estimating the fidelity with the target state and to detecting entanglement. In addition, we show that incomplete sets of mutually unbiased bases are optimal for verifying maximally entangled states when the number of measurement settings is restricted. Moreover, we construct optimal protocols for the adversarial scenario in which state preparation is not trusted. The number of tests has the same scaling behavior as the counterpart for the nonadversarial scenario; the overhead is no more than three times. We also show that the entanglement of the maximally entangled state can be certified with any given significance level using only one test as long as the local dimension is large enough.

关键词： quantum entanglement quantum tomography

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Ambiguities in partial wave analysis of two spinless meson photoproduction

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Physical Review D 2023年第7期108卷 076001-076001页

作者： W. A. Smith D. I. Glazier V. Mathieu M. Albaladejo M. Albrecht Z. Baldwin C. Fernández-Ramírez N. Hammoud M. Mikhasenko G. Montaña R. J. Perry A. Pilloni V. Shastry A. P. Szczepaniak D. Winney Department of Physics Indiana University Bloomington Indiana 47405 USA Center for Exploration of Energy and Matter Indiana University Bloomington Indiana 47403 USA School of Physics and Astronomy University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ United Kingdom Departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica and Institut de Ciències del Cosmos Universitat de Barcelona E-08028 Barcelona Spain Departamento de Física Teórica Universidad Complutense de Madrid and IPARCOS E-28040 Madrid Spain Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC) Centro Mixto CSIC-Universidad de Valencia E-46071 Valencia Spain Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility Newport News Virginia 23606 USA Department of Physics Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15213 USA Departamento de Física Interdisciplinar Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED) E-28040 Madrid Spain Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad de México 04510 Mexico Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences PL-31-342 Kraków Poland ORIGINS Excellence Cluster D-80939 Munich Germany Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität D-80539 Munich Germany Theory Center Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility Newport News Virginia 23606 USA Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra Università degli Studi di Messina I-98122 Messina Italy INFN Sezione di Catania I-95123 Catania Italy Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science Institute of Quantum Matter South China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 China Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter Southern Nuclear Science Computing Center South China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 China

We describe the formalism to analyze the mathematical ambiguities arising in partial-wave analysis of two spinless mesons produced with a linearly polarized photon beam. We show that partial waves are uniquely defined when all accessible observables are considered, for a wave set which includes S and D waves. The inclusion of higher partial waves does not affect our results, and we conclude that there are no mathematical ambiguities in partial-wave analysis of two mesons produced with a linearly polarized photon beam. We present Monte Carlo simulations to illustrate our results.

关键词： Scattering amplitudes Exotic mesons

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