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Bound on annealing performance from stochastic thermodynamics, with application to simulated annealing

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Luo, Yutong Zhen, Yi-Zheng Liu, Xiangjing Ebler, Daniel Dahlsten, Oscar Blackett Laboratory Imperial College London LondonSW7 2AZ United Kingdom Department of Physics Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences the Microscale School of Physical Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Shanghai201315 China Theory Lab Central Research Institute 2012 Labs Huawei Technology Co. Ltd. Hong Kong Science Park Hong Kong Department of Computer Science The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong Department of Physics City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Department of Physics Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Institute of Nanoscience and Applications Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China

Annealing is the process of gradually lowering the temperature of a system to guide it towards its lowest energy states. In an accompanying paper [Luo et al. Phys. Rev. E 108, L052105 (2023)], we derived a general bound on annealing performance by connecting annealing with stochastic thermodynamics tools, including a speed-limit on state transformation from entropy production. We here describe the derivation of the general bound in detail. In addition, we analyze the case of simulated annealing with Glauber dynamics in depth. We show how to bound the two case-specific quantities appearing in the bound, namely the activity, a measure of the number of microstate jumps, and the change in relative entropy between the state and the instantaneous thermal state, which is due to temperature variation. We exemplify the arguments by numerical simulations on the SK model of spin-glasses. © 2023, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Simulated annealing

Entanglement-efficient distributed quantum computing

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Entanglement-efficient distributed quantum computing

quantum 2.0, quantum 2024 in quantum 2.0 Conference and Exhibition

作者： Wu, Jun-Yi Andres-Martinez, Pablo Forrer, Tim Mills, Daniel Matsui, Kosuke Henaut, Luciana Yamamoto, Kentaro Soeda, Akihito Duncan, Ross Murao, Mio Department of Physics Center for Advanced Quantum Computing Tamkang University New Taipei City25137 Taiwan Physics Division National Center for Theoretical Sciences Taipei10617 Taiwan Quantinuum Terrington House 13-15 Hills Road CambridgeCB2 1NL United Kingdom The University of Tokyo Hongo 7-3-1 Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-0033 Japan National Institute of Informatics Chiyoda-ku Tokyo101-8430 Japan Department of Informatics SOKENDAI Chiyoda-ku Tokyo101-8430 Japan Department of Physics and Astronomy University College London Gower Street LondonWC1E 6BT United Kingdom Department of Computer and Information Sciences University of Strathclyde GlasgowG1 1XH United Kingdom Trans-scale Quantum Science Institute The University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-0033 Japan

We introduce an embedding-enhanced nonlocal-handling technique to save the entanglement consumption in distributed quantum computing (DQC) between two quantum processing units. The embedding technique is incorporated ... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781557525185

关键词： quantum entanglement

General limit to thermodynamic annealing performance

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arXiv 2023年

Annealing has proven highly successful in finding minima in a cost landscape. Yet, depending on the landscape, systems often converge towards local minima rather than global ones. In this Letter, we analyse the conditions for which annealing is approximately successful in finite time. We connect annealing to stochastic thermodynamics to derive a general bound on the distance between the system state at the end of the annealing and the ground state of the landscape. This distance depends on the amount of state updates of the system and the accumulation of non-equilibrium energy, two protocol and energy landscape dependent quantities which we show are in a trade-off relation. We describe how to bound the two quantities both analytically and physically. This offers a general approach to assess the performance of annealing from accessible parameters, both for simulated and physical implementations. © 2023, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Annealing

Heralded nonlocal quantum gates for distributed quantum computation in a decoherence-free subspace

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Su, Wanhua Qin, Wei Miranowicz, Adam Li, Tao Nori, Franco MIIT Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Microstructure and Quantum Sensing School of Physics Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing210094 China Center for Joint Quantum Studies Department of Physics School of Science Tianjin University Tianjin300350 China Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory Cluster for Pioneering Research RIKEN Wakoshi Saitama351-0198 Japan Institute of Spintronics and Quantum Information Faculty of Physics and Astronomy Adam Mickiewicz University PoznanPL-61-614 Poland Engineering Research Center of Semiconductor Device Optoelectronic Hybrid Integration in Jiangsu Province Nanjing210094 China Quantum Information Physics Theory Research Team Quantum Computing Center RIKEN Saitama Wako-shi351-0198 Japan Physics Department The University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109-1040 United States

We propose a heralded protocol for implementing nontrivial quantum gates on two stationary qubits coupled to spatially separated cavities. By dynamically controlling the evolution of the composite system, nonlocal two-qubit quantum (e.g., CPHASE and CNOT) gates can be achieved without real excitations of either cavity modes or atoms. The success of our protocol is conditioned on projecting an auxiliary atom onto a postselected state, which simultaneously removes various detrimental effects of dissipation on the gate fidelity. In principle, the success probability of the gate can approach unity as the single-atom cooperativity becomes sufficiently large. Furthermore, we show its application for implementing single- and two-qubit gates within a decoherence-free subspace that is immune to a collective dephasing noise. This faithful, heralded, and nonlocal protocol could, therefore, be useful for distributed quantum computation and scalable quantum networks. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Qubits

A Novel Human-Based Meta-Heuristic Algorithm: Dragon Boat Optimization

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Li, Xiang Lan, Long Lahza, Husam Yang, Shaowu Wang, Shuihua Yang, Wenjing Liu, Hengzhu Zhang, Yudong College of Computer Science and Technology National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China Institute for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing College of Computer Science and Technology National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China Department of Information Technology Faculty of Computing and Information Technology King Abdulaziz University Jeddah21589 Saudi Arabia Department of Biological Sciences Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Jiangsu Suzhou215123 China School of Computing and Mathematical Sciences University of Leicester LeicesterLE1 7RH United Kingdom School of Computer Science and Engineering Southeast University Jiangsu Nanjing210096 China Department of Mathematical Sciences University of Liverpool LiverpoolL69 3BX United Kingdom

(Aim) Dragon Boat Racing, a popular aquatic folklore team sport, is traditionally held during the Dragon Boat Festival. Inspired by this event, we propose a novel human-based meta-heuristic algorithm called dragon boat optimization (DBO) in this paper. (Method) It models the unique behaviors of each crew member on the dragon boat during the race by introducing social psychology mechanisms (social loafing, social incentive). Throughout this process, the focus is on the interaction and collaboration among the crew members, as well as their decision-making in different situations. During each iteration, DBO implements different state updating strategies. By modelling the crew's behavior and adjusting the state updating strategies, DBO is able to maintain high-performance efficiency. (Results) We have tested the DBO algorithm with 29 mathematical optimization problems and 2 structural design problems. (Conclusion) The experimental results demonstrate that DBO is competitive with state-of-the-art meta-heuristic algorithms as well as conventional methods. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Structural optimization

Radio Modulation Recognition Based on Attention-based Convolutional Neural Network and Time-frequency Analysis

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Radio Modulation Recognition Based on Attention-based Convol...

Artificial Intelligence, Networking and Information Technology (AINIT), International Seminar on

作者： Xinlong Li Da Huang Wenjing Yang Xueqiong Li Institute for Quantum Information & State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing College of Computer Science and Technology National University of Defense Technology Changsha China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665412971

Radio modulation recognition is the key link of modern electronic warfare. This paper applies the idea of deep learning to radio modulation recognition. Since the modulation type is the most important information about the subtle features of the radio signal, we use short time Fourier transform (STFT) to convert the radio signal into a time-frequency distribution map to form a joint distribution of frequency and time. The attention-based convolutional neural network is used to classify and recognize the modulation types of time-frequency distribution maps. The simulation results show that time-frequency analysis can improve the accuracy of recognition, and adding attention can effectively improve the performance of the network.

关键词： Training Seminars Time-frequency analysis Electronic warfare Fourier transforms Simulation Noise reduction

Fiber-integrated microwave-to-optical quantum transducer

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Physical Review Applied 2023年第4期20卷 044031-044031页

作者： Wenfang Li Jinjin Du C. M. Wilson Michal Bajcsy Institute for Quantum Computing University of Waterloo 200 University Avenue West Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University Onna Okinawa 904-0495 Japan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo 200 University Avenue West Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada

We propose an on-chip fiber-based quantum transducer to convert microwave photons into optical-telecommunication-band photons. The device consists of a coplanar-waveguide microwave resonator and a pair of coupled optical cavities integrated into a rare-earth-doped fiber. The microwave resonator is formed by two aluminum strips deposited onto the cladding of the fiber, whose diameter has been etched down to approximately 8μm. We study the conversion process using the cavity electro-optic formalism for a system operating at liquid-helium temperature (around 4 K), as well as using a three-wave mixing approach for operation at millikelvin temperatures achievable in a dilution refrigerator. Both methods predict that unity conversion efficiency could be achievable with realistically achievable experimental parameters. The proposed device acts as a quantum transducer for coherent microwave-to-optical conversion, which has great promise for application in all-fiber integrated quantum devices for quantum information processing.

关键词： Integrated optics Light-matter interaction Optical quantum information processing quantum communication Optical fibers Transducers Microwave techniques Optical techniques

Performance and Portability Analysis of OPS Structured Grid Parallel Library 3

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Performance and Portability Analysis of OPS Structured Grid ...

3rd IEEE International Conference on Frontiers Technology of Information and computer, ICFTIC 2021

作者： Chen, Fengting Che, Yonggang Wang, Wenke Ma, Jian National University of Defense Technology Institute for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing College of Computer Science and Technology Changsha410073 China National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China National University of Defense Technology School of Military Basic Education Changsha410073 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665406055

The complexity and diversity of high-performance computer architectures have brought great challenges to parallel application development. Using DSL (Domain Specific Language) to achieve multi-platform automatic parallelization is a solution to this problem. This paper tests and analyzes the multi-platform parallel performance of OPS (Oxford Parallel Library for Structured Mesh Solvers), a typical DSL framework for scientific applications. Two representative structured mesh applications are used in our evaluation. The performance of their MPI, hybrid MPI/OpenMP and CUDA versions generated by OPS are evaluated on the Intel Xeon E5-2600 V3 CPU and the NVIDIA Tesla K80 GPU. The performance of OPS generated codes are compared against the corresponding manually parallelized and optimized codes. The results show that for the two applications, OPS based approach can generate parallel codes with comparable performance to manually parallelized and optimized codes. This paper further analyzes the differences between OPS-based multi-platform parallel code generation and manual parallelization approaches and their impact on performance. It also quantitatively evaluates the cross-platform portability of OPS, and points out some possible directions of improvement. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Parallel programming

Global analysis of fragmentation functions to charged hadrons with high-precision data from the LHC

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Physical Review D 2024年第11期110卷 114019-114019页

作者： Jun Gao ChongYang Liu XiaoMin Shen Hongxi Xing Yuxiang Zhao INPAC Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology and School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MOE) Shanghai 200240 China Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Notkestrasse 85 22607 Hamburg Germany Key Laboratory of Atomic and Subatomic Structure and Quantum Control (MOE) Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter Institute of Quantum Matter South China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 China Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science Southern Nuclear Science Computing Center South China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 China Southern Center for Nuclear-Science Theory (SCNT) Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Huizhou 516000 China Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Key Laboratory of Quark and Lepton Physics (MOE) and Institute of Particle Physics Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079 China

Fragmentation functions (FFs) are essential nonperturbative QCD inputs for predicting hadron production cross sections in high energy scatterings. In this study, we present a joint determination of FFs for light charged hadrons through a global analysis at next-to-leading order (NLO) in QCD. Our analysis incorporates a wide range of precision measurements from the LHC, as well as data from electron-positron collisions and semi-inclusive deep inelastic scatterings. By including measurements of jet fragmentation at the LHC in our global analysis, we are able to impose strong constraints on the gluon FFs. A careful selection of hadron kinematics is applied to ensure the validity of factorization and perturbative calculations of QCD. In addition, we introduce several methodological advances in fitting, resulting in a flexible parametrization form and the inclusion of theoretical uncertainties from perturbative calculations. Our best-fit predictions show very good agreement with the global data, with χ2/Npt∼0.90. We also generate a large number of Hessian error sets to estimate uncertainties and correlations of the extracted FFs. FFs to charged pions (kaons and protons) are well constrained for momentum fractions down to 0.01 (0.1). Total momentum of partons carried by light charged hadrons are determined precisely. Their values for u, d quarks and gluon saturate at about 50% for a lower cut of the momentum fraction of 0.01. Comparing our determinations to results from other groups, we find significant discrepancies, particularly for the proton fragmentation functions, as well as for gluon and unfavored quarks to pions and kaons. Pulls from individual datasets and impact of various choices of the analysis are also studied in details. Our analysis raises questions concerning existing and future experimental measurements, including the need for clarifications on the definitions of various hadron final states and the necessity of further measurements on fragmentation from h

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