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Comparison of Control Strategies for Aircraft Bleed-Air systems

IFAC-PapersOnLine 2017年第1期50卷 14194-14199页

作者： Pollok, Alexander Casella, Francesco DLR German Aerospace Center Institute of System Dynamics and Control Oberpfaffenhofen Germany Politecnico di Milano Dipartimento di Elettronica Informazione e Bioingegneria Milan Italy

Bleed-air systems in passenger aircraft are often prone to limit cycle oscillations. Tuning of such systems makes additional flight-tests necessary, generating large expenses. In this paper, several control approaches to improve the performance of bleed-air systems are compared. These approaches combine a base-controller with stiction-compensation techniques. The different approaches are implemented, optimized and evaluated using a high-fidelity bleed-air system model, described in the equation-based modelling language Modelica. Results indicate that interaction between different valves should be reduced as much as possible. If a suitable base control approach is chosen, the influence of a superimposed stiction compensation technique seems to be small. © 2017

关键词： Fighter aircraft Compensation (personnel) Engines Friction Modeling languages Models Pistons Pneumatics Stiction Valves (mechanical) Control approach Control strategies Limit Cycle Oscillation (LCO) Limit cycle Modelica Oscillation Passenger aircrafts Stiction compensations

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PI(D) tuning for Flight Control systems via Incremental Nonlinear Dynamic Inversion

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2017年第1期50卷 8175-8180页

作者： Paul A.B. van Ekeren W. Chu Q.P. DLR German Aerospace Center Institute of System Dynamics and Control Oberpfaffenhofen D-82234 Germany Delft University of Technology Faculty of Aerospace Engineering Delft 2629HS Netherlands

Previous results reported in the robotics literature show the relationship between time-delay control (TDC) and proportional-integral-derivative control (PID). In this paper, we show that incremental nonlinear dynamic inversion (INDI) — more familiar in the aerospace community — are in fact equivalent to TDC. This leads to a meaningful and systematic method for PI(D)-control tuning of robust nonlinear flight control systems via INDI. We considered a reformulation of the plant dynamics inversion which removes effector blending models from the resulting control law, resulting in robust model-free control laws like PI(D)-control. © 2017

关键词： aerospace application of nonlinear analysis design tracking

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Parameter varying flutter suppression control for the BAH jet transport wing

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2017年第1期50卷 8163-8168页

作者： Patartics B. Luspay T. Péni T. Takarics B. Vanek B. Kier T. Institute for Computer Science and Control (SZTAKI) Kende u. 13-17 Budapest H-1111 Hungary German Aerospace Center (DLR) Institute of System Dynamics and Control Munchner Strasse 20 Oberpfaffenhofen-Wessling 82234 Germany

The aeroelastic flutter is an undamped oscillation that occurs on flexible structures placed into an airflow. It is caused by the interaction of the structural dynamics and the aerodynamics. Since it generally leads to structural failure, it has to be avoided. The paper proposes a complete framework for handling the aeroservoelastic behavior of aerospace applications, addressing the high dimensional problem in a tractable manner. The applicability of the proposed methodology is demonstrated by designing a flutter suppression controller for the BAH jet transport wing. © 2017

关键词： aerospace linear parameter-varying systems model reduction robust control

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GLOBAL CLIMATE

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Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 2024年第8期105卷 S12-S155页

作者： Dunn, R.J.H. Blannin, J. Gobron, N. Miller, J.B. Willett, K.M. Met Office Hadley Centre Exeter United Kingdom European Commission Joint Research Centre Ispra Italy NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory Boulder Colorado European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Reading United Kingdom University of Maryland College Park Maryland European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Bonn Germany Department of Meteorology and National Centre for Earth Observation University of Reading Reading United Kingdom Hampton University Hampton Virginia National Research Institute for Agriculture Food and Environment (INRAE) CARRTEL Université Savoie Mont Blanc Thonon les Bains France Graduate School of Agriculture Osaka Metropolitan University Sakai Japan NOAA/NESDIS National Centers for Environmental Information Asheville North Carolina Science Faculty Universidad Nacional de Colombia Bogotá Colombia University of Bremen Bremen Germany Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación – Spanish National Research Council (CSIC-UV-GVA) Valencia Spain Hydro-Climate Extremes Lab (H-CEL) Ghent University Ghent Belgium Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement (LSCE) LSCE/IPSL CEA-CNRS-UVSQ Gif-sur-Yvette France Instituto de Geografía Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso Valparaíso Chile Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia University of Reading Reading United Kingdom Institute Pierre Simon Laplace (IPSL) Guyancourt France School of Engineering Newcastle University Newcastle-upon-Tyne United Kingdom Université Paris Cité Institut de physique du globe de Paris CNRS IGN F-75005 Paris France Univ Gustave Eiffel ENSG IGN F-77455 Marne-la-Vallée France Laboratoire EDYTEM CNRS/Université Savoie Mont-Blanc Le Bourget-du-Lac France Global Modeling and Assimilation Office NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt Maryland Universität Hamburg Hamburg Germany Climate Dynamics Lab University of St Andrews St Andrews United Kingdom Ea

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INTRODUCTION

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Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 2024年第8期105卷 S1-S11页

作者： Boyer, T. Blunden, J. Dunn, R.J.H. NOAA/NESDIS National Centers for Environmental Information Silver Spring Maryland NOAA/NESDIS National Centers for Environmental Information Asheville North Carolina Met Office Hadley Centre Exeter United Kingdom European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Reading United Kingdom University of Maryland College Park Maryland Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California San Diego La Jolla California NOAA/NWS National Centers for Environmental Prediction Climate Prediction Center College Park Maryland Brandenburg University of Technology (BTU) Cottbus-Senftenberg Germany Servicio Meteorológico Nacional Buenos Aires Argentina NOAA/OAR Physical Sciences Laboratory Boulder Colorado European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Bonn Germany Center for Geophysical Research and School of Physics University of Costa Rica San José Costa Rica Department of Meteorology and National Centre for Earth Observation University of Reading Reading United Kingdom Centro Nacional de Monitoramento e Alertas de Desastres Naturais CEMADEN São Paulo Brazil Université Grenoble Alpes Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement IRD CNRS Grenoble INP Grenoble France Hampton University Hampton Virginia Seychelles Meteorological Authority Mahe Seychelles Section for Glaciers Ice and Snow Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate Oslo Norway National Research Institute for Agriculture Food and Environment (INRAE) CARRTEL Université Savoie Mont Blanc Thonon les Bains France Graduate School of Agriculture Osaka Metropolitan University Sakai Japan Science Faculty Universidad Nacional de Colombia Bogotá Colombia University of Bremen Bremen Germany NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory Boulder Colorado Servicio Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología del Perú Lima Perú Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación – Spanish National Research Council (CSIC-UV-GVA) Valencia Spain Hydro-Climate Extremes Lab (H-CEL) Ghent University Ghent Belgium Department o

In 2023, La Niña conditions that generally prevailed in the eastern Pacific Ocean from mid-2020 into early 2023 gave way to a strong El Niño by October. Atmospheric concentrations of Earth’s major greenhouse gases—carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide—all increased to record-high levels. The annual global average carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere rose to 419.3±0.1 ppm, which is 50% greater than the pre-industrial level. The growth from 2022 to 2023 was 2.8 ppm, the fourth highest in the record since the 1960s. The combined short-term effects of El Niño and the long-term effects of increasing levels of heat-trapping gases in the atmosphere contributed to new records for many essential climate variables reported here. The annual global temperature across land and oceans was the highest in records dating as far back as 1850, with the last seven months (June–December) having each been record warm. Over land, the globally averaged temperature was also record high. Dozens of countries reported record or near-record warmth for the year, including China and continental Europe as a whole (warmest on record), India and Russia (second warmest), and Canada (third warmest). Intense and widespread heatwaves were reported around the world. In Vietnam, an all-time national maximum temperature record of 44.2°C was observed at Tuong Duong on 7 May, surpassing the previous record of 43.4°C at Huong Khe on 20 April 2019. In Brazil, the air temperature reached 44.8°C in Araçuaí in Minas Gerais on 20 November, potentially a new national record and 12.8°C above normal. The effect of rising temperatures was apparent in the cryosphere, where snow cover extent by June 2023 was the smallest in the 56-year record for North America and seventh smallest for the Northern Hemisphere overall. Heatwaves contributed to the greatest average mass balance loss for Alpine glaciers around the world since the start of the record in 1970. Due to rapid volume loss beginning in 2021, St. A

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Exergy-based analysis of aircraft environmental control systems – Integration into model-based design and potential for aircraft system evaluation 29

Exergy-based analysis of aircraft environmental control syst...

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29th International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimisation, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy systems, ECOS 2016

作者： Bender, Daniel Institute of System Dynamics and Control DLR German Aerospace Center Oberpfaffenhofen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9789616980159

The analysis of complex thermodynamic systems with exergetic and 2nd law methods is continually performed for various fields of engineering. This also applies to environmental control systems (ECS) of aircraft. This paper focuses on methods of exergy and energy analysis applied to ECS. It gives a survey of the published material and identifies the state of the art. Furthermore, this analysis includes an example with a conventional ECS cycle on how these methods can be integrated into a corresponding model-based design process. Conventional exergy methods allow the location of exergy destruction throughout a system, but ignore the mutual interdependencies of the system components. Advanced exergy analysis provides a splitting of the exergy destruction in each component into different parts. This method enables a realistic assessment of the potential for improving the thermodynamic efficiency of each component. The different methods are discussed with an evaluation of a conventional ECS cycle regarding their optimization potentials and conclusions are drawn. © 2016 University of Ljubljana.

关键词： Exergy

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Combining sensor monitoring and fault tolerant control to maintain flight control system functionalities

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2016年第17期49卷 46-51页

作者： Ossmann, D. Joos, H.-D. Department of Aerospace Engineering & Mechanics University of Minnesota MinneapolisMN55455 United States Institute of System Dynamics and Control DLR Oberpfaffenhofen Wessling82234 Germany

To maintain nominal flight control system functionalities during fault scenarios, enhancements of the state-of-practise angle of attack and airspeed sensor fault accommodation strategies are presented. The strategy combines a fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) system with a robust fault tolerant control law. The FDD system allows to maintain the nominal flight control law as long as at least one angle of attack and airspeed sensor are available. The FDD system is designed using advanced nullspace computation, optimization, and signal processing techniques. For the scenario of a total airspeed measurement loss, an airspeed independent longitudinal backup control law is designed using global optimization techniques. Using this law avoids the state-of-practise switch to a direct law in which the pilot must control the elevator positions directly. The results from an extensive industrial validation and verification campaign are reported. © 2016

关键词： Fault detection Angle of attack Control theory Fault tolerance Fault tolerant computer systems Flight control systems Global optimization Signal processing Verification Airspeed measurements Fault detection and diagnosis systems Fault tolerant control Flight control Global optimization techniques Industrial validation Signal processing technique validation

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Experimental validation of geometric path following control with demand supervision on an over-actuated robotic vehicle

Experimental validation of geometric path following control ...

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IEEE Symposium on Intelligent Vehicle

作者： Peter Ritzer Christoph Winter Jonathan Brembeck Automotive Vehicle System Dynamics Department DLR Institute of System Dynamics and Control Oberpfaffenhofen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781509018222

This work describes the development and experimental validation of a geometric path following control strategy with demand supervision applied to an over-actuated robotic vehicle, the ROboMObil [1]. The proposed method enables the ROboMObil to automatically follow paths while the driver is free to control the velocity along the path. Beside the longitudinal degree of freedom, two lateral degrees of freedom can be controlled relative to the path. If this demand interface were provided without supervision, the driver may potentially overwrite the path following control in a manner such that the vehicle limits are violated and the vehicle becomes unstable. To avoid such critical situations a demand supervisor is introduced into the path following framework. The work concludes by a simulative demonstration of the supervised control system and an experimental validation of the presented approach implemented in the ROboMObil.

关键词： Vehicles Resource management system dynamics Control systems Time-domain analysis Vehicle dynamics Algorithm design and analysis

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Experimental Investigation of Online Path Planning for Electric Vehicles

Experimental Investigation of Online Path Planning for Elect...

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IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation systems

作者： Christoph Winter Peter Ritzer Jonathan Brembeck DLR Institute of System Dynamics and Control (SR) Oberpfaffenhofen Germany DLR Institute SR Germany Automotive Vehicle System Dynamics Department in the DLR Institute SR Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781509018901

This paper describes a real-time capable online path planning on roads and its experimental investigation for the highly maneuverable robotic electric vehicle research platform ROboMObil. The path planning algorithm is based on an efficiently solvable and compact optimization problem and contributes to the autonomous driving of centralized controlled vehicles. The necessary development from a global offline problem formulation towards an online receding horizon method is shown, which is capable of taking environmental changes into account. The online planned path together with a generated velocity profile serves as an input to the ROboMObil's geometric path following control, allowing for automated driving. Finally, a test drive shows the results of implementing the presented algorithms on this research vehicle and investigates the energy saving capabilities of the proposed path planning methodology.

关键词： Path planning Roads Vehicles Optimization Splines (mathematics) Acceleration Minimization

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On formal cyber physical system properties modeling: A new temporal logic language and a Modelica-based solution 2

On formal cyber physical system properties modeling: A new t...

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2nd Annual IEEE International Symposium on systems Engineering, ISSE 2016

作者： Garro, Alfredo Tundis, Andrea Bouskela, Daniel Jardin, Audrey Thuy, Nguyen Otter, Martin Buffoni, Lena Fritzson, Peter Sjolund, Martin Schamai, Wladimir Olsson, Hans University of Calabria Via Ponte P. Bucci 41C Rende87036 Italy Institute of System Dynamics and Control DLR German Aerospace Center Oberpfaffenhofen Münchener Str. 20 Wessling82234 Germany Airbus Group Innovations Hamburg Germany 6 quai Watier Chatou Cedex78401 France Linköping University LinköpingSE-58183 Sweden Dassault Systèmes AB Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9781509007936

Modeling and Simulation methods, tools and techniques aim at supporting the different phases of the lifecycle of modern systems, going from requirements analysis to system design and operation. However, their effective application requires investigating several aspects such as the formal modeling of system requirements and the binding and automated composition between heterogeneous models (e.g. requirements models, architectural models, behavioral models). In this context, the paper presents a new formal requirement modeling language based on temporal logic, called FORM-L, and a software library, based on the Modelica language, that implements the constructs provided by FORM-L so as to enable the visual modeling of system properties as well as their verification through simulation. The effectiveness of the proposal is shown on a real case study concerning an Intermediate Cooling system. © 2016 IEEE.

关键词： Requirements engineering

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