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8th International Conference on Speckle Metrology, Speckle 2023

作者： Zhang, Xuan Gao, Ming Wang, Hu Lin, Shangmin Jin, Yu Lai, Yunqiang Lv, Hong He, Wenlong Xi'an Technological University No.2 Xuefuzhonglu Road Shaanxi Xi'an710021 China Xi an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics Chinese Academy of Science No.17 Xinxi Road Shaanxi Xi'an710119 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences No.1 Yanqihu East Rd Huairou District Beijing101408 China Xi an Space Sensor Optical Technology Engineering Research Center No.17 Xinxi Road Shaanxi Xi'an710119 China Key Laboratory of Space Precision Measurement Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences No.17 Xinxi Road Shaanxi Xi'an710119 China

ISBN: (数字)9781510674592

ISBN: (纸本)9781510674585

Laser measurement technology is widely used in antenna main reflector and subreflector deformation or pose measurement. Based on the laser measurement technology, atmospheric turbulence caused by the atmospheric characteristics or the convergence effect of the antenna itself will affect the refractive index disturbance during laser propagation, which affects the accuracy of the laser measurement of the antenna deformation or pose. In order to solve the problem of laser atmospheric propagation deflection caused by atmospheric turbulence on the near-ground of a large-aperture antenna, firstly, this paper decomposes the laser atmospheric propagation path into multiple isotropic air layers, calculates the atmospheric refractive index of each air layer, obtains the atmospheric refractive index of the whole laser propagation path through curve fitting methods, and then assesses the laser deflection. Secondly, the turbulence intensity under sunny daytime and cloudy nighttime are evaluated, the laser spot position deviation is compared and analyzed, and the matching relationship among turbulence intensity, theoretical deviation of the laser spots, and actual spot deviation is obtained. Finally, the deflection of laser atmospheric propagation is fitted and calculated by measuring environmental data matched to the actual experimental data of the Nanshan 26m radio telescope antenna, which verifies the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method. © COPYRIGHT SPIE. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

关键词： Refractive index

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Fiber-optic multimode interference sensing: comprehensive characterization and its potential for strain-insensitive temperature sensing

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Wang, Kun Mizuno, Yosuke Dong, Xingchen Kurz, Wolfgang Fink, Maximilian Lee, Heeyoung Jakobi, Martin Koch, Alexander W. Technical University of Munich Germany Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Institute for Measurement Systems and Sensor Technology Munich80333 Germany Yokohama National University Faculty of Engineering Yokohama240-8501 Japan College of Engineering Shibaura Institute of Technology Tokyo135-8548 Japan

A strain-insensitive temperature sensor based on multimode interference using standard multimode fibers (MMFs) is proposed according to the comprehensive study of the characteristics of the MMFs. The temperature and strain dependences on the core diameter, numerical aperture (NA), and the length of the MMF section in the single-mode-multimode-single-mode (SMS) fiber structure are investigated experimentally. The results indicate that the larger core diameter of the MMF leads to higher temperature sensitivity but lower strain sensitivity (absolute values);the higher NA does not influence the temperature sensitivity but results in higher absolute value of strain sensitivity;the longer MMF section brings lower temperature sensitivity but does not have an impact on strain sensitivity. These findings also contribute to the theoretical analysis of the length dependence in the SMS fiber sensors. Besides, the results of the characterization study show that the strain sensitivity is relatively low, which brings a possibility to develop a strain-insensitive temperature sensor. The proposed sensor is used for temperature sensing while the strain is constantly applied from 0 to 1100 µΕ with steps of 100 µΕ. The measured results are consistent with the comprehensive study. The mean temperature sensitivity is 6.14 pm/◦C with a standard deviation of 0.39 pm/◦C, which proves that the proposed temperature sensor exhibits good stability and is insensitive to strain. We expect that these results will provide a profound guideline to fiber sensors based on multimode interference. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Multimode fibers

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Depth-resolved characterization of cryogenic hard turned surface layer of AISI 52100 by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy investigations

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Procedia CIRP 2022年 108卷 66-71页

作者： Werner Ankener Marek Smaga Julian Uebel Jörg Seewig Felix Grossmann Stephan Basten Benjamin Kirsch Jan C. Aurich Tilmann Beck Institute of Materials Science and Engineering TU Kaiserslautern Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany Institute for Measurement and Sensor Technology TU Kaiserslautern Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Production Systems TU Kaiserslautern Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany

In this study, the cryogenic hard turned surface layer of AISI 52100 steel was characterized by depth-resolved investigations of the residual stresses and the austenitic phase content from the surface to a depth of 100 µm. The specimens were manufactured with machining parameters that were chosen based on an empiric model of cryogenic turning. Significant differences were quantified between the specimens regarding residual stresses and the austenitic phase content down to a depth of 20 µm. Here, Grazing Incidence XRD and FIB technique were applied to analyze the mechanically and thermally induced white layer regarding their austenitic phase content and microstructure.

关键词： AISI 52100 Cryogenic hard turning Surface integrity GIXRD Residual stress Retained austenite

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Predictive modelling of cryogenic hard turning of AISI 52100 based on response surface methodology for the use in soft sensors

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Procedia CIRP 2022年 108卷 270-275页

作者： Felix Grossmann Stephan Basten Benjamin Kirsch Werner Ankener Marek Smaga Tilmann Beck Julian Uebel Jörg Seewig Jan C. Aurich Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Production Systems TU Kaiserslautern Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany Institute of Materials Science and Engineering TU Kaiserslautern Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany Institute for Measurement and Sensor Technology TU Kaiserslautern Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany

This paper focuses on the development of an empirical model for the use in soft sensors to predict the surface layer properties of AISI 52100 machined via cryogenic hard turning. By using response surface methodology, a multiple regression is performed to achieve correlations between the process parameters, the process forces and the temperature, as well as the residual stresses and the austenite content. The results show a predictive R 2 of over 0.75 and indicate that the empirical model can be used in soft sensors for a process control of cryogenic hard turning.

关键词： Predictive Model Hard Machining Surface Integrity Process Control Cryogenic cooling

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Mapping the optical dielectric response of isolated monolayer MoS2by push-broom microspectroscopy 2

Mapping the optical dielectric response of isolated monolaye...

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Unconventional Optical Imaging II 2020

作者： Dong, Xingchen Köhler, Michael H. Wang, Kun Jakobi, Martin Koch, Alexander W. Institute for Measurement Systems and Sensor Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Technical University of Munich Arcisstraße 21 Munich80333 Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781510634756

ISBN: (纸本)9781510634749

Two-dimensional van der Waals materials are attractive for photonics and optoelectronics due to distinctive layerdependent optical properties. Optical properties based on light-matter interactions have been revealed by modern imaging and spectroscopy techniques. Hyperspectral imaging microscopy working in line-scan mode (push-broom microspectroscopy) can provide abundant spectral information covering a large area compared to conventional spectroscopy techniques, with a higher acquisition speed than point-scan techniques such as atomic force microscopy and Raman imaging microscopy. This contribution studies in-depth the reconstruction of 3D datacubes and the extraction of optical responses of the sample. Monolayer MoS2, a subclass of semiconducting two-dimensional materials, is fabricated by the mechanical exfoliation method on the SiO2/Si substrate with an oxide thickness of 285 nm. The isolated monolayer MoS2 is observed and identified by a conventional optical microscope. The custom-built push-broom microspectroscope is utilized to scan the region of interest, with the whole spectrum of every line recorded at each frame. The spectral information of every point is collected and 3D spectral data sets are reconstructed for feature extraction and property analysis. To realize the thickness mapping of flakes, linear unmixing is employed to calculate the abundance of isolated monolayer MoS2 on the SiO2/Si substrate, improving flake identification performances. The characteristic spectrum of monolayer MoS2 is acquired by averaging the spectrum from the monolayer MoS2 flake. Furthermore, the optical dielectric response is further analyzed by Kramers-Kronig constrained analysis and Fresnel-law-based analysis. The optical dielectric function is calculated and compared based on the refractive index and medium thickness. This detailed analysis of optical dielectric responses highlights the feasibility of push-broom microspectroscopy for two-dimensional materials characterizat

关键词： Refractive index

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Analytical Description of the Deformation Under Load of a Planar Weighting Cell

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Jahn, Hannes Fröhlich, Thomas Zentner, Lena Mechanics of Compliant Systems Group Department of Mechanical Engineering Technische Universität Ilmenau P.O. Box 100565 Ilmenau98684 Germany Institute for Process Measurement and Sensor Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Technische Universität Ilmenau P.O. Box 100565 Ilmenau98684 Germany

Compliant mechanisms with solid-state hinges are gaining prominence in research and industry due to their desirable attributes like reproducibility, zero backlash and low maintenance requirements. Load cells, a type of compliant mechanism, find frequent application in force measurement and weighing technology. They can be categorized into strain-based cells and compensation ***-based load cells, considered deformation-based cells, are commonly seen in household kitchen scales. These cells register deformation caused by a load, measured as resistance using strain gauges. Current design methods rely on finite element simulations or complex empirical approaches, but an analytical approach is also *** theory of large deflections of rod-like structures proves suitable for analytically describing compliant mechanisms, which are symmetric along the beam axis. It enables the analysis of deformations and strains along the entire beam axis, which is crucial for measuring forces. This paper aims to develop an analytical model for describing such load cells, which consist of transversally symmetric hinges and, therefore, are not described analytically. Additionally, the authors aim to implement the developed model in a user-friendly graphical interface for broader accessibility. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Strain gages

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A Double Node Thin-Film Thermocouples for In-Situ measurement

A Double Node Thin-Film Thermocouples for In-Situ Measuremen...

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Automation, Robotics and Computer engineering (ICARCE), International Conference on

作者： Rong Ma Meiju Zhang Zhongkai Zhang Manguo Huang Xiaobo Liang Jiangjiang Liu Zhaojun Liu Bian Tian State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Manufacturing Systems Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China Beijing Changcheng Aeronautic Measurement and Control Technology Research Institute Aviation Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Special Condition Monitoring Sensor Technology Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665475495

The design, fabrication, testing and implementation of a new high-performance tungsten-rhenium thin film thermocouple are introduced. In this paper, tungsten-rhenium TFTCs are taken as the research object, after simulation analysis in COMSOL software and design, it is made by screen-printing technology and magnetron sputtering. This kind of thin film thermocouple primarily utilizes two kinds of electrode materials with varying composition combination, mainly tungsten with 5% rhenium and tungsten with 26% rhenium. Furthermore, high-temperature annealing is performed to maintain the mechanical properties and thus improve thermoelectric performance. The results demonstrate that the performance is reliable in the temperature range of 150-600 C° with a repeatability of 2.02%, providing application value for high-temperature in-situ sensing.

关键词： Temperature measurement Temperature distribution Thermocouples Tungsten Robot sensing systems Software sensors

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E-textile technology: from materials to applications and wireless distance transfer

E-textile technology: from materials to applications and wir...

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IEEE SSD International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals and Devices

作者： Yosra Ben Fadhel Ghada Bouattour Dhouha Bouchaala Nabil Derbel Olfa Kanoun Biomedical Engineering Higher Institute of Medical Technologies University of Tunis El-Manar Tunis Tunisia Electric Engineering Technische Universität Chemnitz Chemnitz Germany Digital Research Center of Sfax University of Sfax Sfax Tunisia National School of Engineering of Sfax University of Sfax Sfax Tunisia Measurement and Sensor Technology Technische Universität Chemnitz Chemnitz Germany

Wearable technology is suitable for specific electronic applications in a variety of industries, including healthcare, entertainment, sports, and military. Although the market for wearable technology is growing, most of the present devices are battery-powered accessories, and their form factors prevent them from taking advantage of the human body's huge surface area for spatiotemporal sensing or energy harvesting from movements. However, consumer devices have been hard to come by due to the inherent difficulties in replicating traditional manufacturing technologies (that have enabled these wearable accessories) on textiles. E-textiles offers an opportunity to expand on current wearables to enable such applications via the larger surface area offered by garments. Additionally, the requirement for textiles to be flexible, and machine washable has been shown to be incompatible with the powering of e-textile devices using battery energy, like in wearable accessories. The pathway to industry-scale commercialization is still unclear, despite the fact that recent research on e-textiles has revealed improvements in materials, novel processing methods, and unique e-textile prototype devices. In addition, active E-textile devices requires a comfortable source of power to remove the batteries' use drawbacks. The distance transfer is one of the biggest challenge of this technology. This article discusses the advancements made in the technology used to create smart textiles with a big focus on the wireless power transfer techniques. It points out difficulties that prevent the industry from adopting the indicated fabrication technologies and devices for mass-market commercialization.

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Linearity Characterization and Uncertainty Quantification of Spectroradiometers via Maximum Likelihood and the Non-parametric Bootstrap

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Pintar, Adam L. Levine, Zachary H. Yoon, Howard W. Maxwell, Stephen E. Statistical Engineering Division National Institute of Standards and Technology GaithersburgMD20899-8980 United States Quantum Measurement Division National Institute of Standards and Technology GaithersburgMD20899-8441 United States Sensor Science Division National Institute of Standards and Technology GaithersburgMD20899-8441 United States

A technique for characterizing and correcting the linearity of radiometric instruments is known by the names the "flux-addition method" and the "combinatorial technique". In this paper, we develop a rigorous uncertainty quantification method for use with this technique and illustrate its use with both synthetic data and experimental data from a "beam conjoiner" instrument. We present a probabilistic model that relates the instrument readout to a set of unknown fluxes via a set of polynomial coefficients. Maximum likelihood estimates (MLEs) of the unknown fluxes and polynomial coefficients are recommended, while a non-parametric bootstrap algorithm enables uncertainty quantification (e.g., it can return standard errors). The synthetic data represent plausible outputs of a radiometric instrument and enable testing and validation of the method. The MLEs for these data are found to be approximately unbiased, and confidence intervals derived from the bootstrap replicates are found to be consistent with their target coverage of 95 %. For the polynomial coefficients, the relative bias was less than 1 % and the observed coverages range from 90 % to 97 %. The experimental data set is used to illustrate how a complete calibration with uncertainties can be achieved using the method plus one well-known flux level. The uncertainty contribution attributable to estimation of the instrument’s nonlinear response is less than 0.02 % over most of its range. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Calibration

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Securing Data in Multimode Fibers by Exploiting Mode-Dependent Light Propagation Effects

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Rothe, Stefan Besser, Karl-Ludwig Krause, David Kuschmierz, Robert Koukourakis, Nektarios Jorswieck, Eduard Czarske, Jürgen W. TU Dresden Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering Laboratory of Measurement and Sensor System Technique Dresden01062 Germany TU Braunschweig Faculty of Electrical Engineering Information Technology Physics Institute for Communications Technology Braunschweig38106 Germany TU Dresden Faculty of Physics Dresden01062 Germany

Multimode fibers hold great promise to advance data rates in optical communications but come with the challenge to compensate for modal crosstalk and mode-dependent losses, resulting in strong distortions. The holographic measurement of the transmission matrix enables not only correcting distortions but also harnessing these effects for creating a confidential data connection between legitimate communication parties, Alice and Bob. The feasibility of this physical-layer-security-based approach is demonstrated experimentally for the first time on a multimode fiber link to which the eavesdropper Eve is physically coupled. Once the proper structured light field is launched at Alice's side, the message can be delivered to Bob, and, simultaneously, the decipherment for an illegitimate wiretapper Eve is destroyed. Within a real communication scenario, we implement wiretap codes and demonstrate confidentiality by quantifying the level of secrecy. Compared to an uncoded data transmission, the amount of securely exchanged data is enhanced by a factor of 538. The complex light transportation phenomena that have long been considered limiting and have restricted the widespread use of multimode fiber are exploited for opening new perspectives on information security in spatial multiplexing communication systems. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Multimode fibers

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