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Quantized Phase Step Technique Based on Different Frequency signals and Its Characteristics

Chinese Journal of Electronics 2023年第3期22卷 621-626页

作者： Du Baoqiang Dong Shaofeng Zhou Wei Wang Yanfeng Guo Shuting Institute of Signals and Data Processing Xidian University Xi'an China School of Electric and Information Engineering Zhengzhou University of Light Industry Zhengzhou China

Through theoretical analysis and experiments, we discovered the quantized phase step technique existing in two cyclical movements, and the variation law of phase difference between two different frequency signals. This discovery is a major breakthrough in the traditional phase processing for researching frequency signals or cyclical movements that widely exist in nature. It has realized direct phase comparison between any signals without frequency normalization. Experimental results show that the resolution with femtosecond (fs) can be easily achieved in frequency measurement, frequency standard comparison and control on the basis of the quantized phase step characteristics. This important discovery can be widely used in navigation positioning, space technique, communication, radar, astronomy, atomic frequency standard and so on.

关键词： Navigation Spaceborne radar Optical variables control Optical fiber communication Frequency measurement Ultrafast electronics Ultrafast optics

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Experimental investigation of electromyographic activities of upper limb muscles without and with a passive exoskeleton with four degrees of freedoms

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International Journal Bioautomation 2019年第3期23卷 343-354页

作者： Raikova, Rositsa Angelova, Silvija Veneva, Ivanka Christov, Ivaylo Department of Motor Control Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering Bulgarian Academy of Sciences 105 Acad. G. Bonchev Str. Sofia1113 Bulgaria Department of Mechatronics Institute of Mechanics Bulgarian Academy of Sciences 4 Acad. G. Bonchev Str. Sofia1113 Bulgaria Department of Analysis and Processing of Biomedical Signals and Data Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering Bulgarian Academy of Sciences 105 Acad. G. Bonchev Str. Sofia1113 Bulgaria

The choice of suitable human surface muscles and of their electromyographic (EMG) signal processing have always been a challenge, especially when technical devices are to be controlled by these signals. Experiments with six healthy volunteers were performed with a NORAXON measuring and processing system. EMG signals from 8 muscles of the upper right arm performing the main motions in the shoulder and elbow joints were registered and processed. Four angles in the joints were also registered. Six motor tasks were performed, without and with an exoskeleton with four degrees of freedom. Since the EMG signal of the muscle pectoralis major was contaminated by noise coming from the electrical activity of the heart, first this signal was filtered using recently developed dynamic filter. Normalization according to maximal isometric tasks was performed after filtration. Rectification and smoothing ensured a suitable signal for proportional control of the exoskeleton. On/off control was simulated by setting different constants for maximal EMG amplitude levels. © 2019 by the authors.

关键词： Muscle

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Locally-adaptive myriad filtration of one-dimensional complex signal

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International Journal Bioautomation 2018年第3期22卷 275-296页

作者： Tulyakova, Nataliya Neycheva, Tatyana Trofymchuk, Oleksandr Stryzhak, Oleksandr Institute of Applied Physics The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 58 Petropavlivska Str. Sumy40000 Ukraine Department of Analysis and Processing of Biomedical Signals and Data Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering Bulgarian Academy of Sciences 105 Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str. Sofia1113 Bulgaria Institute of Telecommunications and Global Information Space The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Chokolivskiy Bulv. Kyiv186 Ukraine

Locally-adaptive algorithms of myriad filtering are proposed with adaptation of a sample myriad linearity parameter K, depending upon local estimates of a signal, and with "hard" switching of sliding window length settings and a coefficient which influences on the parameter K. Statistical estimates of the filters quality are obtained using a criterion of a minimum mean-square error for a model of one-dimensional complex signal that includes different elementary segments under conditions of additive Gaussian noise with zero mean and different variances and possible spikes presence. Improvement of integral and local performance indicators is shown in comparison to the highly effective non-linear locally-adaptive algorithms for the considered test signal. Having a complex signal of high efficiency, one of the proposed algorithms provides nearly optimal noise suppression at the segments of linear change of a signal;other algorithm provides higher quality of step edge preservation and the best noise suppression on a const signal. Better efficiency in cases of low and high noise levels is achieved by preliminary noise level estimation through comparison of locally-adaptive parameter and thresholds. It is shown that, in order to ensure better spikes removal, it is expedient to pre-process the signal by robust myriad filter with small window length. The considered adaptive nonlinear filters have possibility to be implemented in a real time mode. © 2018 by the authors.

关键词： Adaptive algorithms

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Phase group synchronization between any signals and its physical characteristics

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2014年第4期57卷 674-679页

作者： DU BaoQiang SHI LinLin CHEN YaoMing DONG ShaoFeng YANG ZhiGang CAO LingZhi GUO ShuTing School of Electric and Information Engineering Zhengzhou University of Light Industry The 20th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation Institute of Signals and Data Processing Xidian University The 27th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation

The phase group synchronization between any signals is further revealed,which is based on proposing the new concepts of the greatest common factor frequency,the least common multiple period,quantized phase shift resolution,equivalent phase comparison frequency and so *** the problem of phase comparison and processing between different frequency signals is solved and shown in *** the basic principle and the variation law of group phase difference,the frequency stability better than 10-14/s can be easily obtained in the time&frequency measurement and control domain,and experimental results also show the phase relations between atomic energy level transition signal and the locked crystal oscillator signal in an active hydrogen atomic clock are strict phase group synchronization,and locked precision with 10-13/s can be reached based on phase group *** phase group synchronization can provide technical support to frequency linking among radio frequency,microwave and light frequency.

关键词： equivalent phase comparison frequency least common multiple period group phase difference group period phase processing phase group synchronization

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High-precision time and frequency measurement method combining time-space conversion and different frequency phase detection

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2013年第11期56卷 2110-2115页

作者： DU BaoQiang WANG YanFeng CUI GuangZhao GUO ShuTing DONG ShaoFeng LIU Dan School of Electric and Information Engineering Zhengzhou University of Light Industry Institute of Signals and Data Processing Xidian University

According to the time&space conversion relations and different frequency phase detection principle,an ultra-high precision time&frequency measurement method is proposed in this *** higher accuracy and stability of the speed of light and electromagnetic signals during the transmission in space or a specific medium enable the measurement of short time interval which uses the coincidence detection of signal’s transmission delay in *** measurement precision better than 10 picoseconds can be easily *** method develops the length vernier utilizing the stability of signal’s transmission delay,minimizes the fuzzy region of phase coincidence between the standard frequency signal and the measured signal,approaches the best phase coincidences and therefore improves the measurement precision which is higher than the precision provided by the traditional methods based on frequency ***,the method costs less than the traditional methods and can also solve the problem of the measurement of super-high *** results show the method can improve the measurement precision to 10 12/s in the time&frequency domain.

关键词： time and space conversion delay-time phase shift different phase coincidence detection group phase difference

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Current statement of electrochemotherapy in Bulgaria

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International Journal Bioautomation 2014年第1期18卷 31-44页

作者： Nikolova, Biliana Peycheva, Ekaterina Mudrov, Tsvetan Dobreva, Tatiana Matveev, Mikhail Tsoneva, Iana Electroinduced and Adhesive Properties Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Acad. G. Bonchev Str. bl. 21 Sofia 1113 Bulgaria Department of Dermatology Specialized Hospital for Active Treatment of Oncology 6 Plovdivsko pole Str. Sofia Bulgaria Analysis and Processing of Biomedical Signals and Data Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Acad. G. Bonchev Str. bl. 105 Sofia 1113 Bulgaria

Electrochemotherapy is one fast, easy, effective and safe method for treatment of patients with clinical and cytological diagnosis of skin tumors as Carcinoma basocellulare, Carcinoma spinocellulare, Kaposi sarkoma and Mycosis fungoides in stage I (T1N0M0). Therapy is based on the temporary formation of pores on the surface of the cell membrane, resulting from the application of electric field with appropriate intensity and duration trough which the cytostatic drug as bleomycin is introduced into the tumor cells. This work presents data on the last version of electroporator and the treated patients by the method electrochemotherapy recently.

关键词： Patient treatment

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Super-High Resolution Time Interval Measurement Method Based on Time-Space Relationships

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Chinese Physics Letters 2009年第10期26卷 61-64页

作者：杜保强周渭 Institute of Signals and Data Processing Xidian University Xi'an 710071 Department of Information Engineering Henan Vocation and Technical College Zhengzhou 450046

Based on the principle of quantized delay-time, a super-high resolution time interval measurement method is proposed based on time-space relationships. Using the delay-time stability that time and frequency signal travel in a specific medium, the measured time interval can be quantized. Combined with the phase coincidence detection technique, the measurement of time can be changed into the measurement of space length. The resolution and the stability of the measurement system are easily improved. Experimental results show that the measurement resolution of the measured time interval depends on the length difference of the double delay-time unit. When the length difference is set up on millimeter level or sub-millimeter level, super-high measurement resolution from hundreds of picosecond to tens of picosecond can be obtained.

关键词： sea surface nonliear interaction numerical method

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CONTROL SYSTEM DESIGN CONSIDERING A TRADEOFF BETWEEN EVALUATED UNCERTAINTY RANGES AND CONTROL PERFORMANCE

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Asian Journal of Control 2008年第1期1卷

作者： Y. Wakasa Y. Yamamoto Dept. of Applied Analysis and Complex Dynamical Systems Graduate School of Informatics Kyoto University Kyoto Japan. Yuji Wakasa was born in Okayama Japan in 1968. He received the B.S. and M.S. degrees in engineering from Kyoto university Japan in 1992 and 1994 respectively. From 1994 to 1998 he was a Research Associate in the Department of Information Technology Okayama University. Since April 1998 he has been a Research Associate in the Graduate School of Informatics Kyoto University. His current research interests include robust control and control system design via mathematical programming. Yutaka Yamamoto received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in engineering from Kyoto University Kyoto Japan in 1972 and 1974 respectively and the M.S. and Ph.D. degree in mathematics from the University of Florida in 1976 and 1978 respectively. From 1978 to 1987 he was with Department of Applied Mathematics and Physics Kyoto University and from 1987 to 1997 with Department of Applied System Science. Since 1998 he is a professor at the current position. His current research interests include realization and robust control of distributed parameter systems learning control sampled-data systems and digital signal processing. Dr. Yamamoto is a receipient of the Sawaragi memorial paper award (1985) the Outstanding Paper Award of SICE (1987) Best Author Award of SICE (1990) the George Axelby Outstanding Paper Award of IEEE CSS in 1996 Takeda Paper Prize of SICE in 1997. He is a Fellow of IEEE. He was an associate editor of Automatica. He is currently an associate editor of IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control Systems and Control Letters and Mathematics of Control Signals and Systems. He is a member of the IEEE the Society of Instrument and Control Engineers (SICE) and the Institute of Systems Control and Information Engineers.

This paper presents a design method of control systems such that a designer can flexibly take account of tradeoffs between evaluated uncertainty ranges and the level of control performance. The problem is reduced to a BMI problem and approximately solved by LMIs. The convergence of the proposed approximation is proved in a modified sense. A numerical example shows the effectiveness of the proposed method in comparison with the standard robust control.

关键词： Control system design LMI BMI tradeoff curves

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Target detection in radar: Current status and future possibilities

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JOURNAL OF NAVIGATION 1997年第2期50卷 303-313页

作者： Li, VYF Miller, KM [a1 ](Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)[a2 ](Institute of Marine Studies University of Plymouth)Most of the radar systems used in operating marine vessel traffic management services experience problems such as track loss and track swap which may cause confusion to the traffic regulators and lead to potential hazards in the harbour operation. The reason is mainly due to the limited adaptive capabilities of the algorithms used in the detection process. The decision on whether a target is present is usually based on the amplitude information of the returning echoes. Such method has a low efficiency in discriminating between the target and clutter especially when the signal-to-noise ratio is low. With modern signal processing techniques more information can be extracted from the radar return signals and the tracking parameters of the previous scan. The objectives of this paper are to review the methods which are currently adopted in radar target identification identify techniques for extracting additional information and consider means of data analysis for deciding the presence of a target. Instead of employing traditional two-state logic it is suggested that the radar signal should be allocated in terms of threshold levels into fuzzy sets with its membership functions being related to the information extracted and the environment. Additional signal processing techniques are also suggested to explore pattern recognition aspects and discriminate features which are associated with a return signal from those of clutter.

Most of the radar systems used in operating marine vessel traffic management services experience problems, such as track loss and track swap, which may cause confusion to the traffic regulators and lead to potential hazards in the harbour operation. The reason is mainly due to the limited adaptive capabilities of the algorithms used in the detection process. The decision on whether a target is present is usually based on the amplitude information of the returning echoes. Such method has a low efficiency in discriminating between the target and clutter, especially when the signal-to-noise ratio is low. With modern signal processing techniques more information can be extracted from the radar return signals and the tracking parameters of the previous scan. The objectives of this paper are to review the methods which are currently adopted in radar target identification, identify techniques for extracting additional information and consider means of data analysis for deciding the presence of a target. Instead of employing traditional two-state logic, it is suggested that the radar signal should be allocated in terms of threshold levels into fuzzy sets with its membership functions being related to the information extracted and the environment. Additional signal processing techniques are also suggested to explore pattern recognition aspects and discriminate features which are associated with a return signal from those of clutter.

关键词： radar signal processing target detection

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