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A hybrid explainable ensemble transformer encoder for pneumonia identification from chest X-ray images

Journal of Advanced Research 2023年 48卷 191-211页

作者： Ukwuoma, Chiagoziem C. Qin, Zhiguang Belal Bin Heyat, Md Akhtar, Faijan Bamisile, Olusola Muaad, Abdullah Y. Addo, Daniel Al-antari, Mugahed A. School of Information and Software Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Sichuan Chengdu China IoT Research Center College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Guangdong Shenzhen 518060 China Centre for VLSI and Embedded System Technologies International Institute of Information Technology Telangana Hyderabad 500032 India Department of Science and Engineering Novel Global Community Educational Foundation Hebersham 2770 NSW Australia School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Sichuan Chengdu 611731 China Sichuan Industrial Internet Intelligent Monitoring and Application Engineering Technology Research Center Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu China Department of Studies in Computer Science University of Mysore Manasagangothri Mysore India Department of Artificial Intelligence College of Software & Convergence Technology Daeyang AI Center Sejong University Seoul 05006 South Korea

Introduction: Pneumonia is a microorganism infection that causes chronic inflammation of the human lung cells. Chest X-ray imaging is the most well-known screening approach used for detecting pneumonia in the early stages. While chest-Xray images are mostly blurry with low illumination, a strong feature extraction approach is required for promising identification performance. Objectives: A new hybrid explainable deep learning framework is proposed for accurate pneumonia disease identification using chest X-ray images. Methods: The proposed hybrid workflow is developed by fusing the capabilities of both ensemble convolutional networks and the Transformer Encoder mechanism. The ensemble learning backbone is used to extract strong features from the raw input X-ray images in two different scenarios: ensemble A (i.e., DenseNet201, VGG16, and GoogleNet) and ensemble B (i.e., DenseNet201, InceptionResNetV2, and Xception). Whereas, the Transformer Encoder is built based on the self-attention mechanism with multilayer perceptron (MLP) for accurate disease identification. The visual explainable saliency maps are derived to emphasize the crucial predicted regions on the input X-ray images. The end-to-end training process of the proposed deep learning models over all scenarios is performed for binary and multi-class classification scenarios. Results: The proposed hybrid deep learning model recorded 99.21% classification performance in terms of overall accuracy and F1-score for the binary classification task, while it achieved 98.19% accuracy and 97.29% F1-score for multi-classification task. For the ensemble binary identification scenario, ensemble A recorded 97.22% accuracy and 97.14% F1-score, while ensemble B achieved 96.44% for both accuracy and F1-score. For the ensemble multiclass identification scenario, ensemble A recorded 97.2% accuracy and 95.8% F1-score, while ensemble B recorded 96.4% accuracy and 94.9% F1-score. Conclusion: The proposed hybrid deep learning framewo

关键词： Chest X-ray imaging Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) Pneumonia identification Self-attention network Transfer ensemble learning Transformer encoder (TE)

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Optimal Strategies Trajectory with Multi-Local-Worlds Graph

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 2079-2099页

作者： Xiang Yu Chonghua Wang Xiaojing Zheng Chaoyu Zeng Brij BGupta School of Electronics and Information Engineering Taizhou UniversityTaizhouZhejiang318000China China Industrial Control Systems Cyber Emergency Response Team Beijing100040China School of Economics and Management Weifang University of Science and TechnologyShouguangShandong262700China National Computer System Engineering Research Institute of China Beijing102699China Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Asia UniversityTaiwanTaichung413China Research and Innovation Department Skyline University CollegeSharjahP.O.Box 1797United Arab Emirates Staffordshire University Stoke-on-TrentST42DEUK

This paper constructs a non-cooperative/cooperative stochasticdifferential game model to prove that the optimal strategies trajectory ofagents in a system with a topological configuration of a Multi-Local-Worldgraph would converge into a certain attractor if the system’s configuration isfixed. Due to the economics and management property, almost all systems aredivided into several independent Local-Worlds, and the interaction betweenagents in the system is more complex. The interaction between agents inthe same Local-World is defined as a stochastic differential cooperativegame;conversely, the interaction between agents in different Local-Worldsis defined as a stochastic differential non-cooperative game. We construct anon-cooperative/cooperative stochastic differential game model to describethe interaction between agents. The solutions of the cooperative and noncooperativegames are obtained by invoking corresponding theories, and thena nonlinear operator is constructed to couple these two solutions *** last, the optimal strategies trajectory of agents in the system is proven toconverge into a certain attractor, which means that strategies trajectory arecertainty as time tends to infinity or a large positive integer. It is concluded thatthe optimal strategy trajectory with a nonlinear operator of cooperative/noncooperativestochastic differential game between agents can make agentsin a certain Local-World coordinate and make the Local-World paymentmaximize, and can make the all Local-Worlds equilibrated;furthermore, theoptimal strategy of the coupled game can converge into a particular attractorthat decides the optimal property.

关键词： Multi-Local-world graph stochastic differential game optimal strategy attractor

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Sri Potha: A Voice-Based Sinhala Document Maker

Sri Potha: A Voice-Based Sinhala Document Maker

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Innovative Computing, Intelligent Communication and Smart Electrical systems (ICSES), International Conference on

作者： D. I De Silva D. S. P. Piyadali M. G. S. Dilrukshi Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology Sri Lanka

This study discusses the development of a web application aimed at facilitating Sinhala document creation, with a specific emphasis on Sinhala voice-to-text conversion and the handling of Sinhala commands through vocal input. Leveraging machine learning techniques, including convolutional neural networks and Natural Language Processing, the application's core features were established. Extensive research was conducted to tailor the application's content to the needs of its primary users, ensuring maximum effectiveness. The user-friendly interfaces of the web application are designed for clarity, simplicity, and consistency. The primary objective of this research is to comprehensively analyze the implementation of Sinhala voice-to-text conversion and Sinhala command handling systems. These systems are primarily designed to benefit diverse users, including journalists, content writers, and differently abled individuals with verbal abilities, by enhancing the efficiency of creating Sinhala documents. Through a detailed exploration of the research methodology, this study offers insight into the development process of the web-based system. The outcomes of the linguistic model training, presented within the study, reveal achievements and advancements that address the limitations inherent in existing solutions. Key findings from this research demonstrate the successful functionality of the Sinhala voice-to-text converter and the efficacy of the Sinhala command handler. The voice-to-text conversion system achieved an impressive accuracy rate of over 80%, while the Sinhala command handler exhibited an accuracy of approximately 80%. Moreover, this research envisions potential applications that extend beyond document creation. The technology showcased in the web application holds promise for broader language-based applications, impacting education, accessibility, and communication across the native Sinhala-speaking community in Sri Lanka. In summary, this research showcases th

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Harnessing the Power of AI with Deep Learning: Innovations and Implications

Harnessing the Power of AI with Deep Learning: Innovations a...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Computational, Communication and information Technology, ICCCIT 2025

作者： Upender, Talluri Sathiyamoorthy, C. Udayakumar, K. Kirubakaran, D. Purushothaman, V. Raja, Kiruba Thangam CMR College of Engineering and Technology Department of CSE Medchal Telangana Hyderabad India Department of Commerce Tamil Nadu Chennai India Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology Department of CSE Tamil Nadu Chennai India R.M.K. Engineering College Department of Computer Science and Engineering Tamil Nadu Chennai India Chennai Institute of Technology Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Tamil Nadu Chennai India VIT University Department of Software and Systems Engineering Tamil Nadu Vellore India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331512965

The rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning have revolutionized various sectors, enabling unprecedented levels of innovation and efficiency. This paper delves into the transformative impact of deep learning across multiple domains, highlighting key innovations and their broader implications. By examining cutting-edge applications in healthcare, finance, autonomous systems, and natural language processing, the study elucidates how deep learning models, such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and recurrent neural networks (RNNs), are pushing the boundaries of what's possible. Moreover, the paper explores the integration of deep learning with emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), edge computing, and quantum computing, underscoring the synergistic potential of these combinations. The role of deep learning in predictive analytics and personalized solutions is discussed, showcasing its ability to enhance decision-making processes and improve user experiences. Furthermore, the paper discusses the ethical considerations, challenges, and future prospects associated with the widespread adoption of deep learning technologies. The insights provided aim to foster a deeper understanding of how harnessing AI with deep learning can drive progress while addressing critical societal and technological issues. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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FT-AED: Benchmark Dataset for Early Freeway Traffic Anomalous Event Detection

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Coursey, Austin Ji, Junyi Quinones-Grueiro, Marcos Barbour, William Zhang, Yuhang Derr, Tyler Biswas, Gautam Work, Daniel B. Institute for Software Integrated Systems United States Department of Computer Science Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Vanderbilt University United States

Early and accurate detection of anomalous events on the freeway, such as accidents, can improve emergency response and clearance. However, existing delays and errors in event identification and reporting make it a difficult problem to solve. Current large-scale freeway traffic datasets are not designed for anomaly detection and ignore these challenges. In this paper, we introduce the first large-scale lane-level freeway traffic dataset for anomaly detection. Our dataset consists of a month of weekday radar detection sensor data collected in 4 lanes along an 18-mile stretch of Interstate 24 heading toward Nashville, TN, comprising over 3.7 million sensor measurements. We also collect official crash reports from the Nashville Traffic Management Center and manually label all other potential anomalies in the dataset. To show the potential for our dataset to be used in future machine learning and traffic research, we benchmark numerous deep learning anomaly detection models on our dataset. We find that unsupervised graph neural network autoencoders are a promising solution for this problem and that ignoring spatial relationships leads to decreased performance. We demonstrate that our methods can reduce reporting delays by over 10 minutes on average while detecting 75% of crashes. Our dataset and all preprocessing code needed to get started are publicly released at https://***/ft-aed/to facilitate future research. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Anomaly detection

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Aspect category and sentiment polarity detection using a permutation language-based transformer model

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Procedia computer science 2025年 258卷 4179-4189页

作者： Ashok Kumar Jayaraman Tina Ester Trueman Gayathri Ananthakrishnan Abirami Murugappan Erik Cambria Manikandan G Satanik Mitra HCLTech Engineering and R&D Services Chennai Tamil Nadu India Department of Computer Science University of the People California USA School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore India Department of Information Science and Technology Anna University Chennai India College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Nanyang Singapore School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore India Department of Management BITS Pilani India

Aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA) performs fine-grained analysis on text to determine a specific aspect category and a sentiment polarity. Recently, machine learning models have played a key role in ABSA tasks. In particular, transformer-based pre-trained models have achieved promising results in natural language processing tasks. Therefore, we propose a permutation based XLNet fine-tuning model for aspect category detection and sentiment polarity detection. Our model learns bidirectional contexts via positional encoding and factorization order. We evaluate the proposed permutation language model on three ABSA datasets, namely, SentiHood, SemEval 2015, and SemEval 2016. Specifically, we studied the ABSA tasks in a constrained system with a multi-class environment. Our result indicates that the proposed permutation language model achieves a better result.

关键词： Aspect-based sentiment analysis permutation language model deep learning transformers multiclass classification

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Enhanced Job Recommendation System Using Skill Based Rule Matching Algorithm

Enhanced Job Recommendation System Using Skill Based Rule Ma...

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Data science and Business systems (ICDSBS), International Conference on

作者： Priyan Malarvizhi Kumar Punit Joshi Utkarsh Dubey Akshat Srivastava Balasubramanian Prabhu Kavin Department of Information Science University of North Texas USA Department of Computer Science and Engineering(DS) SRM Institute of Science and Engineering Chennai India Department of Data Science and Business Systems SRM Institute of Science and Engineering Chennai India Department of Data Science and Business Systems SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Chengalpattu India

ISBN: (数字)9798331585600

ISBN: (纸本)9798331585617

Job Connect is a pioneering job recommendation site that aims to make the job search process easier by suggesting job recommendations that are particularly customized to each user, based on the content of his or her CV. Through a meticulous study of the precise skills, experience, and qualifications recorded in the CV, Job Connect creates a profile for each user, which it uses to suggest highly relevant jobs that best suit the individual's specific background and career goals. The key concept of Job Connect is to make the job search process less exhausting, suggesting jobs that are particularly targeted and customized for each user, saving the time and effort typically spent browsing through dozens of job postings. The system works by using high-level data scraping algorithms to browse job postings from a broad spectrum of industries on the internet. This active data collection system keeps the database updated with latest job postings from a variety of industries at all times, enabling Job Connect to mirror the intensity of available vacancies in the market.

关键词： Industries Measurement engineering profession Resumes Estimation Real-time systems Mirrors Recommender systems Recruitment Qualifications

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Employing Deep Neural Networks for Real-Time Anomaly Detection and Mitigation in IoT-Based Smart Grid Cybersecurity systems 3

Employing Deep Neural Networks for Real-Time Anomaly Detecti...

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3rd IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing and Electrical Circuits and Electronics, ICDCECE 2024

作者： Quraishi, Aadam Rusho, Maher Ali Prasad, Anurag Keshta, Ismail Rivera, Richard Bhatt, Mohammed Wasim Intervention Treatment Institute Research HoustonTX United States University Of Colorado Boulder Department Of Lockheed Martin Engineering Management BoulderCO United States Gurugram India College Of Applied Sciences AlMaarefa University Computer Science And Information Systems Department Riyadh Saudi Arabia Escuela Politécnica Nacional Department Of Informatics And Computer Science Quito Ecuador Model Institute Of Engineering And Technology J&K Jammu India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350318609

This research introduces a novel anomaly detection framework for IoT -based Smart Grid Cybersecurity systems. Leveraging autoencoders, LSTM networks, GANs, SOMs, and transfer learning, our approach achieves superior precision, recall, and execution time compared to existing methods. Visualizations and an ablation study further validate the method's efficiency, emphasizing the critical roles of attention mechanisms and transfer learning. This comprehensive solution addresses the dynamic challenges of smart grid cybersecurity, offering a versatile and adaptive anomaly detection mechanism for real-world applications. This indicates the real-time efficacy of our anomaly detection method. Through our study of ablation and all aspects of computing, we discovered that attention processes and transfer learning facilitate faster problem solving in a dynamic smart grid. Our method is distinct and adaptable enough to address every problem arising from the discovery of anomalies in IoT-driven Smart Grid Cybersecurity systems. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Anomaly detection

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MACRO: Incentivizing Multi-Leader Game-Based Pareto-Efficient Crowdsourcing for Video Analytics 40

MACRO: Incentivizing Multi-Leader Game-Based Pareto-Efficien...

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40th IEEE International Conference on Data engineering, ICDE 2024

作者： Chen, Yu Zhang, Sheng Zhou, Ziying Wang, Xiaokun Liang, Yu Chen, Ning Yan, Yuting Xiao, Mingjun Wu, Jie Qian, Zhuzhong Xu, Harry Nanjing University State Key Lab. for Novel Software Technology China School of Systems Science Beijing Normal University China School of Computer and Electronic Information School of Artificial Intelligence Nanjing Normal University China School of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China China Temple University Center for Networked Computing United States Samueli School of Engineering University of California Computer Science Department Los Angeles United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350317152

In recent years, many crowdsourcing platforms have emerged, using the resources of recruited workers to perform diverse outsourcing tasks, where the video analytics attracts much attention due to its practical implications. For maximum profits, platforms carefully choose the workers and determine the video analytics configurations to ensure accuracy;meanwhile, workers possess the flexibility to tailor the configurations for their indivi-dual gains, which makes it hard for platforms to optimize their profits considering the platform-worker conflicts. In this paper, we design an incentive mechanism for Multi-leader game-based video Analytics upon CROwdsourcing, named MACRO, to over-come the above situation. Under that mechanism, we first formu-late the utility optimization problems for platforms and workers, respectively. We then propose a dual ascent-based method to op-timally determine the video analytics configurations for a multi-platform game, ensuring Pareto efficiency. Moreover, in the context of a multi-leader game involving platform-worker conflicts, we design an incentive function with its incentive factor update strategy and propose an ADMM-based approach for maximizing incentives that motivate workers to contribute to the platforms' profits. Rigorous proofs demonstrate the linear convergence of the MACRO to the multi-leader Stackelberg equilibrium. Trace-driven experiments show that MACRO improves the Pareto efficiency by 26.3%, outperforming other approaches. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Profitability

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Enhancing Content-Based Image Retrieval for Lung Cancer Diagnosis: Leveraging Texture Analysis and Ensemble Models 7

Enhancing Content-Based Image Retrieval for Lung Cancer Diag...

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7th International Conference on Image information Processing, ICIIP 2023

作者： Jayabalaji, K.A. Laxmaiah, Bagam Thatipudi, Jayendra Gopal Chandraprabha, K. Badhe, Pravin Balaram, Allam Sri Krishna Arts And Science College Department of Software Systems Tamilnadu Coimbatore India Cmr Technical Campus Department of Cse Telangana Kandlakoya India University of North Texas Department of Computer Science DentonTX76203 United States Bannari Amman Institute of Technology Department of Information Technology Tamilnadu Sathyamangalam India Sinhgad College of Pharmacy Swalife Biotech Department of Pharmacology Pune India Mlr Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science And Engineering Telangana Hyderabad500043 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371406

In image retrieval systems, many search engines rely on text-based methods, extracting information from descriptions and tags to retrieve relevant images. However, this conventional approach often overlooks the optical or semantic information present in photographs, leading to errors in the retrieved results. To address this issue, it is essential to consider content-based information such as intensities, edges, and pixel values when designing image retrieval systems, especially in domains like medicine. This study focuses on developing a Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) system for the domain of medicine, with a particular emphasis on lung cancer detection. Early identification and treatment of lung cancer are critical for patient outcomes, making suitable computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) systems essential for assisting clinicians. The proposed ensemble model incorporates various feature extraction methods, including image processing techniques and wavelet transform, to harness the valuable information from images. These features are then fed into a deep learning model to assess their effectiveness in image retrieval tasks. By combining machine learning and image processing techniques, this work presents a comprehensive CBIR system capable of efficiently retrieving relevant medical images. Such advancements in image retrieval technology hold significant promise for aiding medical professionals in diagnosing and treating diseases like lung cancer promptly. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： computer aided diagnosis

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