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A brief review of preparation and applications of monolithic aerogels in atmospheric environmental purification

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第3期149卷 209-220页

作者： Linfeng Nie Shuangde Li Mengjie Cao Ning Han Yunfa Chen State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Science&Technology on Particle Materials Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Monolithic aerogels are promising candidates for use in atmospheric environmental purification due to their structural advantages,such as fine building block size together with high specific surface area,abundant pore structure,***,monolithic aerogels possess a unique monolithic macrostructure that sets them apart from aerogel powders and nanoparticles in practical environmental clean-up *** review delves into the available synthesis strategies and atmospheric environmental applications of monolithic aerogels,covering types of monolithic aerogels including SiO_(2),graphene,metal oxides and their combinations,along with their preparation *** particular,recent developments for VOC adsorption,CO_(2)capture,catalytic oxidation of VOCs and catalytic reduction of CO_(2)are ***,challenges and future opportunities for monolithic aerogels in the atmospheric environmental purification field are *** reviewprovides valuable insights for designing and utilizing monolithic aerogel-based functional materials.

关键词： Monolithic aerogel Environmental purification Catalysis Adsorption

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Synthesis ofδ-MnO_(2)via ozonation routine for low temperature formaldehyde removal

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 642-651页

作者： Guijun Fan Yacong Guo Shaohua Chai Le Zhang Jian Guan Guojun Ma Ning Han Yunfa Chen State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China College of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Particle Materials Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 361021China Key Laboratory for Mechanics in Fluid Solid Coupling Systems Institute of MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Petrochemical Engineering&Environment Zhejiang Ocean UniversityZhoushan 316022China

Nowadays,it is still a challenge to prepared high efficiency and low cost formaldehyde(HCHO)removal catalysts in order to tackle the long-living indoor air ***,δ-MnO_(2)is successfully synthesized by a facile ozonation strategy,where Mn^(2+)is oxidized by ozone(O_(3))bubble in an alkaline *** presents one of the best catalytic properties with a low 100%conversion temperature of 85℃for 50 ppm of HCHO under a GHSV of 48,000 mL/(g·hr).As a comparison,more than 6 times far longer oxidation time is needed if O3 is replaced by O_(2).Characterizations show that ozonation process generates a different intermediate of tetragonalβ-HMnO_(2),which would favor the quick transformation into the final productδ-MnO_(2),as compared with the relatively more thermodynamically stable monoclinicγ-HMnO_(2)in the O_(2)***,HCHO is found to be decomposed into CO_(2)via formate,dioxymethylene and carbonate species as identified by room temperature insitu diffuse reflectance infrared fourier transform *** these results show great potency of this facile ozonation routine for the highly activeδ-MnO_(2)synthesis in order to remove the HCHO contamination.

关键词： δ-MnO_(2) Ozone oxidation HCHO oxidation In-situ DRIFTS

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Structural Evolution of Biomass Pellets of Different Densities During High and Low Convection Pyrolysis

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Sadeq, Abdullah Schmitt, Marian Wang, Shen Rothberg, Sophia Pietsch-Braune, Swantje Shen, Laihong Heinrich, Stefan Institute of Solids Process Engineering and Particle Technology Hamburg University of Technology Hamburg21073 Germany Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education Southeast University Nanjing210096 China

In this study, wood pellets of different densities were produced from wood shavings of the same batch using a flat die press. Their structure and mechanical properties were investigated and compared to the properties after subsequent pyrolysis with two setups: high convection (HC) pyrolysis in a fluidized bed and low convection (LC) pyrolysis. Various measurement methods were used to investigate the structural properties and the applicability of wood pellets and pellet char. It could be shown that although pellet chars from LC-pyrolysis exhibit a cylindrical shape, their mechanical stability is significantly reduced due to the greatly increased porosity. However, the characteristics in the radial porosity distribution remained as in the untreated pellets. In contrast, HC-pyrolysis in a fluidized bed led to severe structural damage resulting in pellet chars with larger cavities, mainly in their central regions. Consequently, a higher porosity in the center and a lower mechanical stability was determined. Furthermore, it became clear that low-density wood pellets produced with a flat die press equipped with short press channels are especially prone to these structural changes. It is assumed that an open pore network with big cracks and gaps between wood shavings within wood pellets in combination with high heat and mass transfer during pyrolysis can enhance the release of volatiles from the pellet. With micro computed tomography (µCT), it could be shown that cavities in pellet chars are likely formed at wood pellet regions with smaller wood shavings. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Computerized tomography

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On Identifiability and Model Validation of a Population Balance Model for Liquid-Liquid-Mixing 11

On Identifiability and Model Validation of a Population Bala...

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11th Vienna International Conference on Mathematical Modelling, MATHMOD 2025

作者： Wilms, Terrance Topalovic, Daniel Bliatsiou, Chrysoula Villwock, Jörn Kraume, Matthias Bück, Andreas Knorn, Steffi Control Fak. III Technische Universität Berlin Germany Chemical and Process Engineering Fak. III Technische Universität Berlin Germany Institute of Particle Technology Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Germany

In this paper, liquid-liquid-mixer systems modelled by population balance equations are considered. As the control input / manipulated variable, the stirrer speed (and hence the energy dissipation rate) is used to control the distribution of the particle size. Three different measurement signals are considered. We investigate the observability and identifiability of the system for each measurement option and show that only in one scenario the model is observable and structurally identifiable. Further, it is shown that in this scenario, practical identifiability is generally challenging and particular care must be taken to ensure the model with identified parameter values is able to describe the dynamic behaviour of the system. Copyright © 2025 The Authors.

关键词： Mixers (machinery)

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The ultimate goal of modeling—Simulation of system and plant performance

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Particuology 2011年第4期9卷 320-329页

作者： Joachim Werther Stefan Heinrich Maksym Dosta Ernst-Ulrich Hartge Institute of Solids Process Engineering and Particle Technology Hamburg University of Technology

Modern production processes in chemical, pharmaceutical and biological industries are characterized by complex process structures, which consist of different apparatuses and process steps. Modeling the entire process requires simulating all units altogether, while taking into account interconnections between them, Nevertheless, in the area of solids processing, there is nowadays an unfilled gap from the side of computer support of process modeling in allowing effective optimization and prediction of the behavior of the whole plant, This paper presents a tool for flowsheet simulation which allows the simulation of the stationary behavior of complex processes dealing with solids and its extension towards dynamic modeling, Also, a new simulation concept is proposed on the basis of the multiscale approach. On the macroscale, fiowsheet simulation is performed with the help of the solidsim system. Parameters for the macromodels in Solid-Sim are predicted by microscale simulation. The models for the two scales are then coupled by inter-scale communication laws. Application of the proposed modeling concept is shown by an example of fluidized bed granulation.

关键词： Flowsheet simulation Multiscale modeling Plant performance solids processes Granulation

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Promoting effect of d-band center and in-situ precipitation strategy on sulfur evolution reaction

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第5期104卷 740-748页

作者： Jun Pu Yun Tan Jiasen Yin Zihan Shen Shoujie Liu Kai Zhang Lei Zhou Yagang Yao Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids Ministry of EducationAnhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New-Energy Vehicle Battery Energy-Storage MaterialsCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceAnhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241002AnhuiChina National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures College of Engineering and Applied SciencesJiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional MaterialsCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093JiangsuChina State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Materials Science and Engineering Anhui UniversityHefei 230601AnhuiChina School of Energy and Power Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013JiangsuChina Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven MB 5600the Netherlands

The slow conversion of polyphase in lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries not only intensifies the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides(LiPSs),but also causes the continuous accumulation of inactive sulfur species,resulting in rapid capacity attenuation and sluggish dynamic ***,the promoting effect of atomic interface stress on sulfur reaction was investigated via CoFe-CoFe_(2)O_(4)heterogeneous nanosheets with a cavity *** strain force induced by the in-situ precipitation of Co Fe bimetallic alloy in oxide matrix increased the d-band center,which was conducive to the interaction between catalyst and Li *** sulfur cathode based on this two-dimensional(2D)nanosheet design showed an extremely high capacity of 751 mAh g^(-1)at 4 *** with a sulfur loading of 5.55 mg cm^(-2),its area capacity was still as high as 7.15 mAh cm^(-2).Meanwhile,the enhanced stability greatly improved the practical potential of Li-S batteries.

关键词： 2D nanosheets In-situ precipitation Strain effect D-band center Li-S batteries

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Product design based on discrete particle modeling of a fluidized bed granulator

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Particuology 2014年第1期12卷 13-24页

作者： Lennart Fries Sergiy Antonyuk Stefan Heinrich Gerhard Niederreiter Stefan Palzer Nestlé Research Center Institute of Solids Process Engineering and Particle Technology Hamburg University of Technology

Fluidized bed agglomeration is a process commonly used to construct powdered food or pharmaceuti cal products to improve their instant properties. This works analyzes the influence of a wide range of operating parameters （i.e., fluidization air flow rate, temperature, and liquid injection rate） on growth rate, process stability, and product particle structure. Different granulator configurations （i.e., top spray, Wurster coater, spouted bed） are compared using identical process parameters. The impacts of both pro cess variables and granulator geometry on the fluidization regime, the particle and collision dynamics, and the resulting product structure and corresponding properties are studied in detailed simulations using a discrete particle model （DPM） and labscale agglomeration experiments with amorphous dextrose syrup （DE21）. The combination of numerical and experimental results allows to correlate the kinetics of micro scale particle interactions and the final product properties （i.e., agglomerate structure and strength）. In conclusion, detailed DPM simulations are proven as a valuable tool for knowledgebased product design.

关键词： FluidizationAgglomerationDiscrete element methodFood powderCollision dynamics

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Evaluation of Analytical Quality by Design Approaches on the Development and Optimization of Size Exclusion Chromatography Analytical Procedures for Bovine Serum Albumin

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Journal of Separation Science 2025年第5期48卷 e70168页

作者： Gaggero, Alessio Jeremic, Dalibor Sattler, Reingard Paudel, Amrit Afonso Urich, Jesús Alberto Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH Graz Austria Department of Health Studies—Biomedical Science FH JOANNEUM Graz Austria Institute of Process and Particle Engineering Graz University of Technology Graz Austria

The development of analytical procedures, following the International Council of Harmonisation (ICH) regulatory requirements, is crucial for managing the lifecycle of methodologies. This study applies analytical quality by design (AQbD) principles to optimize size exclusion chromatography (SEC) determination for bovine serum albumin (BSA), chosen as a model drug. Key method variables, including mobile phase buffer concentration, flow rate, and column type, were systematically evaluated using risk assessment and design of experiments (DoE). A consistent and rigorous workflow was applied to prove and ensure the robustness of this methodology. The SEC method was established through a framed analytical target profile (ATP), complying with chromatography parameters like tailing, resolution, capacity, and sensitivity. Those were achieved with a Waters XBridge BEH200A SEC column (200 Å, 3.5 µm, 7.8 mm × 300 mm) at 20°C, using a phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solution at pH 7.4 in isocratic elution with a flow of 0.3 mL/min and UV detection of 280 nm. The method was validated according to ICH Q2 (R2) and Q14 guidelines. The linear response was demonstrated over concentration ranges of 100 µg/mL and 10 mg/mL (R2 = 0.9998), and desirable standards of accuracy and precision were met. Although this work highlights the benefits of AQbD in developing trustworthy analytical methods, SEC constitutes a challenge for applying these principles considering the short lifetime of the column, reproducibility, and sensitivity. © 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Size exclusion chromatography

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Discrete element simulation of discharge behavior in an asymmetric hopper: Insights on particle flow pattern, jamming and mass flow rate

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Powder technology 2025年 460卷

作者： E, Dianyu Zhao, Bin Cui, Jiaxin Zhou, Zongyan Sun, Weifu Qiu, Yinxuan Yang, Chao Yang, Lei Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Particle Technology Jiangxi University of Science and Technology Nanchang330013 China Research Centre for Intelligent Mineral Processing & Metallurgy International Institute for Innovation Jiangxi University of Science and Technology Nanchang330013 China School of Civil Engineering Southeast University Nanjing211189 China Advanced Technology Research Institute Beijing Institute of Technology Jinan250307 China School of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Architecture and Information Technology The University of Queensland Qld Brisbane4072 Australia State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100408 China State Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China

Hopper is an essential vessel for storing and transporting burden materials. Numerous studies have focused on the particle flow pattern and mass flow rate (MFR) within a symmetric hopper. However, there is still a lack of research on the effect of asymmetric hopper configuration on discharge behavior. In this work, the effects of asymmetric configuration and particle size distribution on particle flow pattern and MFR during discharge are examined. Moreover, the micro-jamming mechanism and physical characteristics of arch are also investigated. Results illustrate that particles within cone part of the asymmetric hopper exhibit significant velocity variations, which prevents the formation of stable contact force chains. To accurately quantify mass flow rate, a modified Beverloo equation is used and a relative mean error (RME) of 4 % for monodisperse systems and 9 % for polydisperse systems are obtained in comparison with DEM simulation results. © 2024

关键词： Jamming

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CFD-simulation of a circulating fluidized bed riser

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Particuology 2009年第4期7卷 283-296页

作者： Ernst-Ulrich Hartge Lars Ratschow Reiner Wischnewski Joachim Werther Hamburg-University of Technology Institute of Solids Process Engineering and Particle TechnologyD-21071 HamburgGermany

In the current work, a model of the fluid mechanics in the riser of a circulating fluidized bed （CFB） has been implemented using computational fluid dynamics （CFD）. The model developed shall be used in future as the basis of 3D-reactor model for the simulation of large scale CFB combustors. The two-fluid model （TFM） approach is used to represent the fluid mechanics involved in the flow. The computational implementation is accomplished by the commercial software FLUENT. Different closure formulations are tested on a simplified geometry. Two different turbulence formulations, namely the swirl modified RNG k-e model and the Realizable k-e model, are tested in combination with two different approaches to solid phase turbulence, namely the dispersion and per phase approach. One focus of the current work is put on the study of different drag correlations. Besides the drag correlations by Syamlal et al. [Syamlal, M., Rogers, W., ＆ O＇Brien, T. J. （1993）. MFIX documentation theory guide. Technical Report DOE/METC-9411004, U.S. Department of Energy （DOE）. Morgantown Energy technology Center： Morgantown, WV] and Gidaspow [Gidaspow, D. （1994）. Multiphaseflow andfluidization. New York： Academic Press] the EMMS model has been used to determine the momentum exchange between the two phases. The resulting formulation is then used to simulate a 1-m × 0.3-m cold CFB setup and is validated by experimental results [Schlichtharle, P. （2000）. Fluid dynamics and mixing of solids and gas in the bottom zone of circulating fluidized beds. Unoublished doctoral dissertation, Technische Universitaet Hamburg-Harburg, Shaker Verlag： Aachen].

关键词： Circulating fluidized bed Two-fuid model EMMS model Drag correlations

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