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Mechanism of material removal and chip formation of alumina dispersion strengthened copper in micro-milling

Frontiers of Mechanical engineering 2025年第1期20卷 27-43页

作者： Chang LIU Chunya WU Xiguang LI Bo HOU Jiahao WU Ruijiang SUN Mingjun CHEN School of Mechatronics Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

Alumina dispersion-strengthened copper (ADSC), as a representative particle-reinforced metal matrix composite (PRMMC), exhibits superior wear resistance and high strength. However, challenges arise in their processability because of the non-uniform material properties of biphasic materials. In particular, limited research has been conducted on the reinforcement mechanism and behavior of particles during material cutting deformation of PRMMC with nanoscale particles. In this study, a cutting simulation model for ADSC was established, separating the nanoscale reinforcement particles from the matrix. This model was utilized to analyze the interactions among particles, matrix, and tool during the cutting process, providing insights into chip formation and fracture. Particles with high strength and hardness are more prone to storing stress concentrations, anchoring themselves at grain boundaries to resist grain fibration, thereby influencing the stress distribution in the cutting deformation zone. Stress concentration around the particles leads to the formation of discontinuous chips, indicating that ADSC with high-volume fractions of particle (VFP) exhibits low cutting continuity, which is consistent with the results of cutting experiments. The tool tip that is in contact with particles experiences stress concentration, thereby accelerating tool wear. Cutting ADSC with 1.1% VFP results in tool blunting, which increases the radius of cutting edge from 0.5 to 1.9 μm, accompanied with remarkable coating delamination and wear. Simulation results indicate that the minimum uncut chip thickness increases from 0.04 to 0.07 μm as VFP increases from 0.3% to 1.1%. In conjunction with scratch experiments, MUCT increases with the augmentation of VFP. Computational analysis of the specific cutting force indicates that particles contribute to the material’s size effect. The results of this study provide theoretical guidance for practical engineering machining of ADSC, indicating its g

关键词： alumina dispersion-strengthened copper particle-reinforced metal matrix composites material removal mechanism micro-milling chip formation minimum uncut chip thickness

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A trajectory-level robot skill learning method based on fuzzy systems

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第5期68卷 38-52页

作者： Chao ZENG Zhen DENG Boyang TI Yongsheng GAO Department of Computer Science University of Liverpool School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Fuzhou University State Key Laboratory of Robotics Shenyang Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutes for Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology

Learning from demonstration(LfD) allows for the effective transfer of human manipulation skills to a robot by building a model that represents these skills based on a limited number of demonstrated ***,a skilllearning model that can comprehensively satisfy multiple requirements,such as computational complexity,modeling accuracy,trajectory smoothness,and robustness,is still ***,this work aims to provide such a model by employing fuzzy ***,we introduce an LfD model named Takagi-Sugeno-Kang fuzzy system-based movement primitives(TSKFMPs),which exploits the advantages of the fuzzy theory for effective robotic imitation learning of human *** work formulates the TSK fuzzy system and gradient descent(GD) as imitation learning models,leveraging recent advancements in GD-based optimization for fuzzy *** study takes a two-step strategy.(ⅰ) The input-output relationships of the model are established using TSK fuzzy systems based on demonstration *** this way,the skill is encoded by the model parameter in the latent space.(ⅱ) GD is used to optimize the model parameter to increase the modeling accuracy and trajectory *** further explain how learned trajectories are adapted to new task scenarios through local *** conduct multiple tests using an open dataset to validate our method,and the results demonstrate performance comparable with those of other ***,we implement it in a real-world case study.

关键词： robot skill learning movement primitives TSK fuzzy systems gradient descent robotics

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Online Motion Generation via Tangential Sampling-Based MPC Around Nonconvex Obstacles

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IEEE robotics and Automation Letters 2025年第6期10卷 5537-5544页

作者： Zhao, Guangbao Jin, Ninglong Wu, Jianhua Xiong, Zhenhua Institute of Robotics School of Mechanical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration Shanghai JiaoTong University Shanghai200240 China

Collision-free motion planning has a well-established research history, but the majority of studies have been centered around Euclidean space and conducted offline. The primary challenge in online motion planning lies in circumventing local minima, which become more pronounced in configuration space. We propose an online method for generating collision-free motion in configuration space that effectively avoids local minima. Our approach decomposes the optimal velocity into nominal and tangential components, with the tangential velocity optimized to facilitate escape from local minima. The tangential velocity is defined in the tangential space, with its normal direction determined by the gradient of the nearest distance between the robot and obstacles, relative to the robot's states. Direct optimization of the tangential velocity is challenging due to its dependence on varying tangent spaces. To address this, we represent the tangential velocity using the orthogonal basis of the tangent space, decoupling it from the varying tangent space. This allows explicit optimization of the tangential velocity by optimizing its components. Additionally, we introduce a warm-start operator in the tangent space to ensure the consistency and convergence. Furthermore, we propose a dynamic weight based on proximity to local minima to balance the tangential and nominal velocities, forming the optimal velocity. The effectiveness of our approach in avoiding local minima is validated through simulations and physical experiments. © 2016 IEEE.

关键词： Motion planning

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Hybrid Tension and Configuration Control of Cable-Driven Hyper-Redundant Robots for High Accuracy and Stability

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IEEE robotics and Automation Letters 2025年第6期10卷 5601-5608页

作者： Zhu, Zhenpu Li, Ziqing Peng, Zhanxuan Liu, Chao Gu, Guoying Shanghai Jiao Tong University State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration Robotics Institute School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai200240 China

Due to the advantages of dexterity and adaptability, cable-driven hyper-redundant robots (CDHRRs) are promising for detection in confined spaces like narrow internal cavities. However, due to redundant degrees of freedom (DoFs), CDHRRs are susceptible to the singular configuration, which aggravates the difficulty of high-accuracy control and high-stable motion. To solve these problems, this work proposes hybrid tension and configuration control to improve motion accuracy and stability. Firstly, a CDHRR model with structural optimization and friction reduction is developed. The quasi-static and cable-hole length estimation models are obtained, including cable-hole friction, cable-hole interval, and cable deformation. Subsequently, single and multi-segment controllers are designed. The controller can distribute tension in the expected range with the above design while featuring high accuracy, responsiveness, and stability. The control algorithm optimizes configuration with an average error under 1.00°. Moreover, the controller reaches the target with controllable forces in 1.0 s and flattens the fluctuations within 0.3 s. The controller can be implemented into automatic zeroing and tip loading. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed controller features speedy automatic zeroing (in 4 mins) and low angle tracking errors (less than 1.50°) under various tip loads. © 2016 IEEE.

关键词： Friction

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Modeling tactile perceived intensity for vibration from a coin eccentric rotating mass motor

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 125-135页

作者： Yun FANG Jingchen HUANG Yujun WU Jiaqi DONG Weichao GUO Xinjun SHENG State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration School of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Meta Robotics Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Establishing the relationship between vibrotactile parameters and perceived intensity(PI)is of great significance in the regulation of desired sensations,which contribute to haptic interfaces in practical *** eccentric rotating mass(ERM)motors are routinely utilized due to their lightweight design and efficient ability to evoke strong tactile *** adjusting input voltages,ERMs can yield different stimuli,but the effects of their physical properties on PI remain ***,we developed the physical model of the ERM-skin system and optimized the parameters affecting ***,the relationship between stimulus and perception was derived based on Fechner's *** experiments were conducted on fifteen subjects(ten males and five females,aged 24.40±2.87 years)to identify the vibration parameters and corresponding PI to verify the proposed PI *** in this study were attached to phantom skin/forearm with slim adhesive tape to minimize the *** 1 performed vibration calibration with ERM attached to the skin phantom to simulate the actual ***,the relative and absolute PI of subjects on specific stimuli were acquired in Experiments 2 and *** fitting reliability of the proposed PI model was evaluated on fifteen subjects with R^(2) of 0.73±0.07 and root mean squared error(RMSE)of 1.35±***,the proposed PI model established the quantitative relationship between stimulus parameters(vibration parameters and physical parameters)and subjective PI,which provided theoretical support for ERM optimization and vibrotactile modulation.

关键词： coin ERM vibrotactile perceived intensity vibration

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Modelling and experimental investigation of micro-dimpled structures milling with spiral trajectory tool reciprocating motion

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2025年第2期38卷 577-596页

作者： Guangzhou WANG Linjie ZHAO Qi LIU Xiguang LI Yazhou SUN Mingjun CHEN School of Mechatronics Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Centre for Precision Manufacturing DMEMUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgow G11XJUK State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

To mill fine and well-defined micro-dimpled structures,a machining manner of spiral trajectory tool reciprocating motion,where the tool repeats the process of‘feed milling–retract–cutting feed–feed milling again’along the spiral trajectory,was *** the kinematics analysis,it is found that the machining quality of micro-dimpled structures is highly dependent on the machining trajectory using spiral trajectory tool reciprocating *** reveal this causation,simulation modelling and experimental studies were carried out.A simulation model was developed to quantitatively and qualitatively investigate the influence of the trajectory discretization strategies(constant-angle and constant-arc length)and parameters(discrete angle,discrete arc length,and pitch)on surface texture and residual height of micro-dimpled ***,micro-dimpled structures were milled under different trajectory discretization strategies and parameters with spiral trajectory tool reciprocating motion.A comprehensive comparison between the milled results and simulation analysis was made based on geometry accuracy,surface morphology and surface roughness of milled ***,the errors and factors affecting the above three aspects were *** results demonstrate both the feasibility of the established simulation model and the machining capability of this machining way in milling high-quality micro-dimpled *** trajectory tool reciprocating motion provides a new machining way for milling micro-dimpled structures and micro-dimpled functional *** an appropriate machining trajectory can be generated based on the optimized trajectory parameters,thus contributing to the improvement of machining quality and efficiency.

关键词： Tool reciprocating motion Spiral trajectory Micro-dimpled structure Micromachining Simulation modelling with diamond tool Surface texture

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Leader-follower:Human-centered intention-guided controller for novel SuperLimb with application to load-carrying scenarios

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 321-334页

作者： Qinghua ZHANG Xianglong LI Hongwei JING Kerui SUN Yuancheng LI Sikai ZHAO Lele LI Haotian JU Ziqi WANG Rui WU Tianjiao ZHENG Jie ZHAO Yanhe ZHU The State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China The Learning Algorithms and Systems Laboratory School of EngineeringÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanne CH 101510587Switzerland

Supernumerary robotic arms(SuperLimb)are a new type of wearable robot that works closely with humans as a third hand to augment human operation *** conveyance of wearers'intentions,allocation of roles,and humancentered interaction considerations are the key points in the process of human-SuperLimb *** paper proposes a human-centered intention-guided leader-follower controller that relies on the dynamic modeling of SuperLimb with application to load-carrying *** proposed leader-follower controller takes the human as the leader and the SuperLimb as the follower,achieving effective information communication,autonomous coordination,and good force compliance between SuperLimb,humans,and the environment under human safety ***,the human-SuperLimb dynamic system is modeled to achieve force interaction with the environment and ***,to achieve the precise intention extraction of humans,pose data from five visual odometry sensors are fused to capture the human state,the generalized position,the velocity of hands,and the surface electromyography signals from two myoelectric bracelets sensors are processed to recognize the natural hand gestures during load-carrying scenarios by a designed Swin transformer ***,based on the real-time distance detection between human and mechanical limbs,the security assurance and force-compliant interaction of the human-SuperLimb system are ***,the human hand muscle intention recognition,human-robot safety strategy verification,and comparative load-carrying experiments with and without the proposed method are conducted on the SuperLimb *** showed that the task parameters are well estimated to produce more reasonable planning trajectories,and SuperLimb could well understand the wearer's intentions to switch different SuperLimb *** proposed sensor-based human-robot communication framework motivates future studies of other collaboration scenes fo

关键词： SuperLimb leader-follower human intention estimation human-robot safety human-robot communication

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Predicting Vessel Speed Using Ensemble MLR and RF Models on AIS Data

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Defence Science Journal 2025年第2期75卷 250-256页

作者： Raj, Nitish Kumar, Prabhat Goyal, Divyanshi Weapons and Electronics System Engineering Establishment Delhi110 066 India National Institute of Technology Patna801 503 India University School of Automation and Robotics GGSIPU Delhi110 032 India

Defence agencies like the DRDO, Indian Navy, Indian Army, Indian Air Force (IAF), and many other organizations require ongoing oversight of their applications and devices to detect anomalous behaviour. The purpose of this research is to track the ship’s speed to facilitate navigation. AIS data plays a substantial role in this investigation, as it provides critical information such as the speed, course, and position of a vessel. Monitoring vessel speed is essential to ensure smooth functioning, enabling collision avoidance, route optimisation, and accurate analysis of the ship’s schedule for transportation. In this study, an ensemble approach using Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) and Random Forest (RF) models to predict vessel speed more accurately is developed. The proposed ensemble model outperformed existing methods, showing significant improvements in prediction accuracy and robustness. This enhanced performance also aids in the precise Estimation of the Time of Arrival (ETA) of the vessel, contributing to more efficient operation procedures and environmentally friendly practices. Early oversight of vessel speed ensures maritime navigation and safety, promoting reliable and optimized routes for vessels. © 2025, DESIDOC.

关键词： Multiple linear regression

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A High-Power Wave Energy Harvester with Mag-Boost Mechanism 5th

A High-Power Wave Energy Harvester with Mag-Boost Mechanism

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5th International Conference on Vibration and Energy Harvesting Applications, VEH 2024

作者： Tang, Tianyi Li, Yunfei Sun, Lining Liu, Huicong State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Robotics Soochow University Suzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819611904

Ocean wave energy is a widely anticipated new type of renewable energy. However, due to the ultra-low-frequency and random motion characteristics of ocean waves, effectively harnessing it presents a significant challenge. This paper proposes a Mag-Boost mechanism based on the phenomenon that the magnetic torque undergoes a sudden change when the magnetic poles of two magnets are orthogonal. This innovative mechanism, requiring just a trigger below 1 Hz, can stimulate a power-magnet to generate high-frequency oscillation without direct contact. Utilizing this mechanism, a high-power wave energy harvester (WEH) with ultra-low-frequency response capabilities has been developed. Tested on a six-degree-of-freedom platform, the WEH demonstrated a high-output power of 1.44W and a power density of 1.2 kW/m3 at a frequency of 1 Hz and an inclination angle of 30°. The peak open-circuit voltage of the WEH reached 5 V, ensuring a completely independent and stable power supply for wireless temperature and humidity sensors. Furthermore, the Mag-Boost mechanism also shows considerable potential for harvesting other forms of low-frequency environmental energy, including wind, vibration, and human kinetic energy. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Water waves

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Self-powered Smart Water Meter for Pipeline Flow Monitoring 5th

Self-powered Smart Water Meter for Pipeline Flow Monitoring

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5th International Conference on Vibration and Energy Harvesting Applications, VEH 2024

作者： Mei, Mingqi Wang, Zizhao Li, Yunfei Tang, Tianyi Liu, Huicong School of Mechanical and Electric Engineering Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Robotics Soochow University Suzhou215123 China State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150001 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819611904

This paper presents the development of a water flow energy harvester (WFEH) designed to power smart water meters within residential piping systems. Utilizing the kinetic energy of flowing water, the device harnesses this energy and converts it into electricity via electromagnetic principles. The impeller's shape, quantity, and guide vane height at the inlet were simulated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, comparing impeller rotational speeds under various simulation parameters to select the appropriate impeller configuration. Experimental data indicate that with an inlet water pressure of 0.12 MPa and an outlet pressure of 0.06 MPa, a single coil in the device generates a peak voltage of 3.6 V, with a peak power of 54.2 mW and a head loss of 6 m. The maximum head loss permitted in residential water pipes is 10 m. The energy generation module of the WFEH has been designed with a six-coil array, significantly enhancing its performance output. Theoretically, the output power of the WFEH is sufficient to meet the energy needs of smart water meters. Therefore, the WFEH holds potential for integration into urban water management systems, providing a stable energy supply for data collection and transmission, and contributing to the development of self-powered smart meters. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Water meters

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