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Global, regional, and national sex-specific burden and control of the HIV epidemic, 1990–2019, for 204 countries and territories: the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019

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The Lancet HIV 2021年第10期8卷 e633-e651页

作者： Jahagirdar, Deepa Walters, Magdalene K. Novotney, Amanda Brewer, Edmond D. Frank, Tahvi D. Carter, Austin Biehl, Molly H. Abbastabar, Hedayat Abhilash, E.S. Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Abu-Raddad, Laith Jamal Adekanmbi, Victor Adeyinka, Daniel Adedayo Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Afzal, Saira Aghababaei, Soodabeh Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmadi, Keivan Ahmadi, Sepideh Ahmadpour, Ehsan Ahmed, Muktar Beshir Rashid, Tarik Ahmed Salih, Yusra Ahmed Aklilu, Addis Akram, Tayyaba Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet Al Hamad, Hanadi Alahdab, Fares Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour Aleksandrova, Ekaterina A. Alene, Kefyalew Addis Ali, Liaqat Alipour, Vahid Almustanyir, Sami Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena Amu, Hubert Andrei, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Tudorel Anvari, Davood Arabloo, Jalal Aremu, Olatunde Arulappan, Judie Atnafu, Desta Debalkie Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala Ayza, Muluken Altaye Azari, Samad Darshan, B.B. Banach, Maciej Bärnighausen, Till Winfried Barra, Fabio Barrow, Amadou Basu, Sanjay Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad Belay, Habtamu Gebrehana Berheto, Tezera Moshago Bezabhe, Woldesellassie Mequanint Bezabih, Yihienew Mequanint Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhardwaj, Nikha Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bibi, Sadia Bijani, Ali Bisignano, Catherine Bolarinwa, Obasanjo Afolabi Boloor, Archith Boltaev, Azizbek A. Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich Buonsenso, Danilo Burkart, Katrin Butt, Zahid A. Cao, Chao Charan, Jaykaran Chatterjee, Souranshu Chattu, Soosanna Kumary Chattu, Vijay Kumar Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan Chu, Dinh-Toi Couto, Rosa A.S. Cowden, Richard G. Dachew, Berihun Assefa Dadras, Omid Dagnew, Amare Belachew Dahlawi, Saad M.A. Dai, Xiaochen Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi das Neves, José Degenhardt, Louisa Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen Desta, Abebaw Alemayehu Deuba, Keshab Dhamnetiya, Deepak Dhungana, Govinda Prasad Dianatinasab, Mostafa Diaz, Daniel Djalalinia, Shirin Doan, Linh Phuong Dorostkar, Fariba Edinur, Hisham Atan Effiong, Andem Eftekharzadeh, Sahar El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa Elayedath, Rajesh Elhadi, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Global Health University of Washington Seattle WA United States School of Social Work University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeones Columbia University Medical Center New York NY United States Division of Data Analytics and Delivery for Impact WHO Geneva Switzerland Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Multiple Sclerosis Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Paediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Psychiatry Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Metabolomics and Genomics Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Research Centre for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Non-Communicable Diseases Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Botany Sree Narayana Guru College Chelannur Kozhikode India Clinical Sciences Department University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Mass Communication Department University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Health-Care Policy and Research Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar Doha Qatar Department of Population Medicine Ca

Background: The sustainable development goals (SDGs) aim to end HIV/AIDS as a public health threat by 2030. Understanding the current state of the HIV epidemic and its change over time is essential to this effort. This study assesses the current sex-specific HIV burden in 204 countries and territories and measures progress in the control of the epidemic. Methods: To estimate age-specific and sex-specific trends in 48 of 204 countries, we extended the Estimation and Projection Package Age-Sex Model to also implement the spectrum paediatric model. We used this model in cases where age and sex specific HIV-seroprevalence surveys and antenatal care-clinic sentinel surveillance data were available. For the remaining 156 of 204 locations, we developed a cohort-incidence bias adjustment to derive incidence as a function of cause-of-death data from vital registration systems. The incidence was input to a custom Spectrum model. To assess progress, we measured the percentage change in incident cases and deaths between 2010 and 2019 (threshold >75% decline), the ratio of incident cases to number of people living with HIV (incidence-to-prevalence ratio threshold <0·03), and the ratio of incident cases to deaths (incidence-to-mortality ratio threshold <1·0). Findings: In 2019, there were 36·8 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 35·1–38·9) people living with HIV worldwide. There were 0·84 males (95% UI 0·78–0·91) per female living with HIV in 2019, 0·99 male infections (0·91–1·10) for every female infection, and 1·02 male deaths (0·95–1·10) per female death. Global progress in incident cases and deaths between 2010 and 2019 was driven by sub-Saharan Africa (with a 28·52% decrease in incident cases, 95% UI 19·58–35·43, and a 39·66% decrease in deaths, 36·49–42·36). Elsewhere, the incidence remained stable or increased, whereas deaths generally decreased. In 2019, the global incidence-to-prevalence ratio was 0·05 (95% UI 0·05–0·06) and the global incidence-to-mortality ratio was

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Weighted H-index for identifying influential spreaders

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Yu, Senbin Gao, Liang Wang, Yi-Fan Gao, Ge Zhou, Congcong Gao, Zi-You Institute of Transportation Systems Science and Engineering Moe Key Laboratory of Urban Transportation System Theory and Technology State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety Center of Cooperative Innovation for Beijing Metropolitan Transportation Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 Yinchuan Municipal Bureau of Big Data Management and Service Yinchuan750011

Spreading is a ubiquitous process in the social, biological and technological systems. Therefore, identifying influential spreaders, which is important to prevent epidemic spreading and to establish effective vaccination strategies, is full of theoretical and practical significance. In this paper, a weighted h-index centrality based on virtual nodes extension is proposed to quantify the spreading influence of nodes in complex networks. Simulation results on real-world networks reveal that the proposed method provides more accurate and more consistent ranking than the five classical methods. Moreover, we observe that the monotonicity and the computational complexity of our measure can also yield excellent performance. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Complex networks

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Development of a milling machining cutting simulation service in a Cloud-based system

Development of a milling machining cutting simulation servic...

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2016 IEEE International Conference on Automation science and engineering, CASE 2016

作者： Kao, Yung-Chou Lin, Yu-Chuan Yang, Haw-Ching Advanced Institute of Manufacturing Department of Mechanical Engineering National Chung Cheng University Chiayi County Taiwan Institute of Manufacturing Information and Systems National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan Institute of System Information and Control National Kaohsiung First University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781509024094

This paper describes the development of a Cloud-based solid cutting simulation service system for 3D toolpath verification before it is to be uploaded to a CNC machine tool for machining operation. A user can access the system through common WWW browsers such as Internet Explorer and/or Google Chrome in either a PC running Microsoft Windows, a smart phone running Android, or an iPad running iOS. The system can perform real time solid cutting simulation based on the toolpath (NC program). The system provides user with standard views such as 'ISO View', 'Front View', 'Right View', and 'Top View';dynamic customized 3D view could be controlled through the mouse operation on the client side to ease the visibility during the simulation. The proposed system has been successfully implemented on a public cloud system Microsoft Azure with expected performance and is expected to assist a user in verifying the correctness of the toolpath and to enhance the efficiency in a geographically dispersed networked environment. © 2016 IEEE.

关键词： Machine tools

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Sum-Mse performance gain of DFT-based channel estimator over frequency-domain ls one in full-duplex OFDM systems with colored interference

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Wang, Jin Shu, Feng Lu, Jinhui Yu, Hai Chen, Riqing Li, Jun Jayakody, Dushantha Nalin K. School of Electronic and Optical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology 210094 China College of Computer and Information Sciences Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou350002 China China Research Institute of Radiowave Propagation National Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Environment Qingdao266107 China National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University Department of Control System Optimization Institute of Cybernetics Russia

In this paper, we make an investigation on the summean-square-error (sum-MSE) performance gain achieved by DFT-based least-square (LS) channel estimator over frequencydomain LS one in full-duplex OFDM system in the presence of colored interference and noise. The closed-form expression of the sum-MSE performance gain is given. Its simple upper and lower bounds are derived by using inequalities of matrix eigen-values. By simulation and analysis, the upper lower bound is shown to be close to the exact value of MSE gain as the ratio of the number N of total subcarriers to the cyclic prefix length L grows and the correlation factor of colored interference increases. More importantly, we also find that the MSE gain varies from one to N/L as the correlation among colored interferences decreases gradually. According to theoretical analysis, we also find the MSE gain has very simple forms in two extreme scenarios. In the first extreme case that the colored interferences over all subchannels are fully correlated, i.e., their covariance matrix is a matrix of allones, the sum-MSE gain reduces to 1. In other words, there is no performance gain. In the second extreme case that the coloredinterference covariance matrix is an identity matrix, i.e, they are mutually independent, the achievable sum-MSE performance gain is N/L. A large ratio N/L will achieve a significant sum-MSE gain. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Covariance matrix

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A belief rule inference approach for controlling the system with uncertain parameters

A belief rule inference approach for controlling the system ...

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Chinese control Conference (CCC)

作者： Lifu Zhang Xiaobin Xu Shibao Li Xue Ma Chenglin Wen Institute of System Science and Control Engineering School of Automation Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou Zhejiang CN

ISBN: (纸本)9781509009107

This paper presents a belief rule inference method for controlling the system with uncertain parameters. It uses the belief rule base (BRB) to model nonlinear relationship between system deviation and its integral, differential (inputs) and the controlled variable (output), in which the antecedent and consequent attributes of rule are the referential values of the inputs and output respectively. For the rules activated by the inputs, the evidential reasoning (ER) algorithm is used to combine the belief structures of these rules so as to reason out the value of the controlled variable. Moreover, a nonlinear optimization strategy is given to enhance the accuracy of initial parameters of BRB. A representative experiment on the separately excited DC motor with uncertain parameters illustrates that the proposed method can give more accurate control actions than the classical fuzzy-PID control method.

关键词： DC motors control systems Optimization Training Erbium Transfer functions Data models

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Asteroid ryugu before the Hayabusa2 encounter

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Wada, Koji Grott, Matthias Michel, Patrick Walsh, Kevin J. Barucci, Antonella M. Biele, Jens Blum, Jürgen Ernst, Carolyn M. Grundmann, Jan T. Gundlach, Bastian Hagermann, Axel Hamm, Maximilian Jutzi, Martin Kim, Myung-Jin Kührt, Ekkehard Le Corre, Lucille Libourel, Guy Lichtenheldt, Roy Maturilli, Alessandro Messenger, Scott R. Michikami, Tatsuhiro Miyamoto, Hideaki Mottola, Stefano Nakamura, Akiko M. Müller, Thomas Nittler, Larry R. Ogawa, Kazunori Okada, Tatsuaki Palomba, Ernesto Sakatani, Naoya Schröder, Stefan Takir, Driss Zolensky, Michael E. Tsudanuma 2-17-1 Narashino Chiba275-0016 Japan DLR Institute for Planetary Research Rutherfordstr. 2 Berlin12489 Germany Université Côte d'Azur Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur CNRS Lagrange Laboratory Southwest Research Institute Boulder United States Observatoire de Paris PSL Research University CNRS Université Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité UPMC Université Paris 06 Sorbonne Universités 5 Place J. Janssen Meudon Principal Cedex92195 France DLR RB-MSC German Aerospace Center Cologne51147 Germany Institut für Geophysik und extraterrestrische Physik Technische Universität Braunschweig Mendelssohnstr. 3 BraunschweigD-38106 Germany Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory LaurelMD United States DLR German Aerospace Center Institute of Space Systems System Engineering and Project Office Robert-Hooke-Strasse 7 BremenD-28359 Germany Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Stirling FK9 4LA United Kingdom Physics Institute University of Bern Switzerland Center for Space Situational Awareness Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute 776 Daedeokdae-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon305-348 Korea Republic of Planetary Science Institute 1700 East Fort Lowell Suite 106 TucsonAZ85719 United States DLR Institute of System Dynamics and Control Oberpfaffenhoffen Germany Robert M Walker for Space Sciences Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science NASA Johnson Space Center HoustonTX77058 United States Faculty of Engineering Kindai University Hiroshima Campus 1 Takaya Umenobe Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima739-2116 Japan Deptartment of Systems Innovation University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Department of Planetology Graduate School of Science Kobe University 1-1 Rokkodai Nada-ku Kobe657-8501 Japan Max-Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics Garching Germany Department of Terrestrial Magnetism Carnegie Institution of Washington 5241 Broad Branch Rd NW 20015 United States Institute of Space and Astronautical Sc

Asteroid (162173) Ryugu is the target object of Hayabusa2, an asteroid exploration and sample return mission led by Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). Ground-based observations indicate that Ryugu is a C-type near-Earth asteroid with a diameter of less than 1 km, but the knowledge of its detailed properties is still very limited. This paper summarizes our best understanding of the physical and dynamical properties of Ryugu based on remote sensing and theoretical modeling. This information is used to construct a design reference model of the asteroid that is used for formulation of mission operations plans in advance of asteroid arrival. Particular attention is given to the surface properties of Ryugu that are relevant to sample acquisition. This reference model helps readers to appropriately interpret the data that will be directly obtained by Hayabusa2 and promotes scientific studies not only for Ryugu itself and other small bodies but also for the Solar system evolution that small bodies shed light on. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Asteroids

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强厄尔尼诺期间大气环流对华北地区灰霾的影响

强厄尔尼诺期间大气环流对华北地区灰霾的影响

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第24届中国大气环境科学与技术大会暨中国环境科学学会大气环境分会2018年学术年会

作者： Ge Zhang Yang Gao Wenju Cai L.Ruby Leung Shuxiao Wang Bin Zhao Minghuai Wang Huayao Shan Xiaohong Yao Huiwang Gao Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology Ministry of EducationOcean University of Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology Ministry of EducationOcean University of Physical Oceanography Laboratory/CIMST Ocean University of China and Qingdao National Laboratory for Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWashi State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsi Joint Institute for Regional Earth System Science and Engineering and Department of Atmospheric and School of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjing210023China

利用全国PM2.5监测网数据分析发现，华北地区在 2015 年 12 月和 2016 年 1 月出现 PM2.5 浓度异常高、低的跷跷板现象，此现象可能与强厄尔尼诺和北极涛动(AO)共同导致的局地气象变化有关.

关键词：灰霾强厄尔尼诺北极涛动东亚冬季风 WRF-CMAQ

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Electro-hydraulic load simulation method for helicopter booster

Electro-hydraulic load simulation method for helicopter boos...

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2016 IEEE/CSAA International Conference on Aircraft Utility systems, AUS 2016

作者： Fang, Yang Yanyan, Hao Peng, He Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Mechanical Design and Transmission System Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang Henan province471003 China Beijing Institute of Structure and Environment Engineering Beijing100076 China Science and Technology on Electro-optical Control Laboratory Luoyang Henan province471000 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781509010875

In this paper we present an electro-hydraulic load simulation method for the helicopter booster. Based on electro-hydraulic servo control technology, we construct the load simulation system. And then, the mathematical model of load simulation system for the booster is built. The position servo system controller is combined of hysteresis compensation with PI controller and the force servo system controller is designed by servo-compensation and fuzzy PID controller. Finally, the performance of the proposed elector-hydraulic load simulation method is validated through the position tracking and load simulation experiments. © 2016 IEEE.

关键词： controllers

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Subnational mapping of HIV incidence and mortality among individuals aged 15–49 years in sub-Saharan Africa, 2000–18: a modelling study

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The Lancet HIV 2021年第6期8卷 e363-e375页

作者： Sartorius, Benn VanderHeide, John D. Yang, Mingyou Goosmann, Erik A. Hon, Julia Haeuser, Emily Cork, Michael A. Perkins, Samantha Jahagirdar, Deepa Schaeffer, Lauren E. Serfes, Audrey L. LeGrand, Kate E. Abbastabar, Hedayat Abebo, Zeleke Hailemariam Abosetugn, Akine Eshete Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Accrombessi, Manfred Mario Kokou Adebayo, Oladimeji M. Adegbosin, Adeyinka Emmanuel Adekanmbi, Victor Adetokunboh, Olatunji O. Adeyinka, Daniel Adedayo Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmadi, Keivan Ahmed, Muktar Beshir Akalu, Yonas Akinyemi, Oluwaseun Oladapo Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola Aklilu, Addis Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet Alahdab, Fares Al-Aly, Ziyad Alam, Noore Alamneh, Alehegn Aderaw Alanzi, Turki M. Alemu, Biresaw Wassihun Alhassan, Robert Kaba Ali, Tilahun Alipour, Vahid Amini, Saeed Ancuceanu, Robert Ansari, Fereshteh Anteneh, Zelalem Alamrew Anvari, Davood Anwer, Razique Appiah, Seth Christopher Yaw Arabloo, Jalal Asemahagn, Mulusew A. Asghari Jafarabadi, Mohammad Asmare, Wondwossen Niguse Atnafu, Desta Debalkie Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi Atreya, Alok Ausloos, Marcel Awedew, Atalel Fentahun Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayanore, Martin Amogre Aynalem, Yared Asmare Ayza, Muluken Altaye Azari, Samad Azene, Zelalem Nigussie Babar, Zaheer-Ud-Din Baig, Atif Amin Balakrishnan, Senthilkumar Banach, Maciej Bärnighausen, Till Winfried Basu, Sanjay Bayati, Mohsen Bedi, Neeraj Bekuma, Tariku Tesfaye Bezabhe, Woldesellassie M. Mequanint Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bhutta, Zulfiqar A. Bibi, Sadia Bikbov, Boris Birhan, Tsegaye Adane Bitew, Zebenay Workneh Bockarie, Moses John Boloor, Archith Brady, Oliver J. Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi Briko, Andrey Nikolaevich Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich Burugina Nagaraja, Sharath Butt, Zahid A. Cárdenas, Rosario Carvalho, Felix Charan, Jaykaran Chatterjee, Souranshu Chattu, Soosanna Kumary Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chowdhury, Mohiuddin Ahsanul Kabir Chu, Dinh-Toi Cook, Aubrey J. Cormier, Natalie Maria Cowden, Richard G. Culquichicon, Carlos Dagnew, Baye Dahlawi, Saad M.A. D Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Malaria Atlas Project University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom The George Institute for Global Health University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Global Health University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Insights Program Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Seattle WA United States Global Programs Medical Teams International Seattle WA United States Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston MA United States Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Multiple Sclerosis Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Environmental Health Engineering Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Public Health Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia College of Medicine and Health Science Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Nursing Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Biomedical Sciences Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Public Health Debre Berhan University Debre Brehan

Background: High-resolution estimates of HIV burden across space and time provide an important tool for tracking and monitoring the progress of prevention and control efforts and assist with improving the precision and efficiency of targeting efforts. We aimed to assess HIV incidence and HIV mortality for all second-level administrative units across sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: In this modelling study, we developed a framework that used the geographically specific HIV prevalence data collected in seroprevalence surveys and antenatal care clinics to train a model that estimates HIV incidence and mortality among individuals aged 15–49 years. We used a model-based geostatistical framework to estimate HIV prevalence at the second administrative level in 44 countries in sub-Saharan Africa for 2000–18 and sought data on the number of individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART) by second-level administrative unit. We then modified the Estimation and Projection Package (EPP) to use these HIV prevalence and treatment estimates to estimate HIV incidence and mortality by second-level administrative unit. Findings: The estimates suggest substantial variation in HIV incidence and mortality rates both between and within countries in sub-Saharan Africa, with 15 countries having a ten-times or greater difference in estimated HIV incidence between the second-level administrative units with the lowest and highest estimated incidence levels. Across all 44 countries in 2018, HIV incidence ranged from 2·8 (95% uncertainty interval 2·1–3·8) in Mauritania to 1585·9 (1369·4–1824·8) cases per 100 000 people in Lesotho and HIV mortality ranged from 0·8 (0·7–0·9) in Mauritania to 676·5 (513·6–888·0) deaths per 100 000 people in Lesotho. Variation in both incidence and mortality was substantially greater at the subnational level than at the national level and the highest estimated rates were accordingly higher. Among second-level administrative units, Guijá District, Gaza Province, Mozambique,

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Tracking for near space nonballistic target based on several filter algorithms 34

Tracking for near space nonballistic target based on several...

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第三十四届中国控制会议

作者： QIN Lei ZHOU Di LI Jun-long Beijing Institute of Electronic System Engineering Department of Control Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology

ISBN: (纸本)9781467374439

Recently, different countries have made rapid developments in the field of near space hypersonic vehicles. Among which successful hypersonic vehicle flight tests of X-51 A and HTV-2 are representative. They often adopt the way of nonballistic maneuver flight with characteristics of high speed and lift-to-drag ratio, flying in atmosphere for a long time. Their motion trajectory is sometimes characterized by "hopping", which induces difficulties of nonballistic target acceleration estimation, trajectory tracking and prediction. This paper introduces four typical nonballistic maneuver models of near space targets, and then introduces target ballistic equation and design of tracking filter. At last, four tracking filters are used to estimate target acceleration. Simulation results show that particle filter algorithm is the best one to guarantee the target tracking accuracy within allowable ranges.

关键词： Nonballistic target Near space Target maneuver Tracking filter

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