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Large potential of strengthening the land carbon sink in China through anthropogenic interventions

science Bulletin 2024年第16期69卷 2622-2631页

作者： Xu Yue Hao Zhou Yang Cao Hong Liao Xiaofei Lu Zhen Yu Wenping Yuan Zhu Liu Yadong Lei Stephen Sitch Jürgen Knauer Huijun Wang Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologySchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Information Science&Technology(NUIST)Nanjing 210044China College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Jiangsu Nanjing Environmental Monitoring Center Nanjing 210013China Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province Institute of EcologySchool of Applied MeteorologyNUISTNanjing 210044China Institute of Carbon Neutrality Sino-French Institute for Earth System ScienceCollege of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather and Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of ExeterExeter EX44RJUK Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney UniversityPenrith 2751Australia Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of EducationJoint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment ChangeCollaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisastersNUISTNanjing 210044China

The terrestrial ecosystem in China mitigates 21%-45%of the national contemporary fossil fuel CO_(2) emissions every *** and strengthening the land carbon sink is essential for reaching China’s target of carbon ***,this sink is subject to large uncertainties due to the joint impacts of climate change,air pollution,and human ***,we explore the potential of strengthening land carbon sink in China through anthropogenic interventions,including forestation,ozone reduction,and litter removal,taking advantage of a well-validated dynamic vegetation model and meteorological forcings from 16 climate *** anthropogenic interventions,considering Shared Socioeconomic Pathways(SSP)scenarios,the land sink is projected to be 0.26-0.56 Pg C a^(-1) at 2060,to which climate change contributes 0.06-0.13 Pg C a^(-1) and CO_(2) fertilization contributes 0.08-0.44 Pg C a^(-1) with the stronger effects for higher emission *** anthropogenic interventions,under a close-to-neutral emission scenario(SSP1-2.6),the land sink becomes 0.47-0.57 Pg C a^(-1) at 2060,including the contributions of 0.12 Pg C a^(-1) by conservative forestation,0.07 Pg C a^(-1) by ozone pollution control,and 0.06-0.16 Pg C a^(-1) by 20%litter removal over planted *** sink can mitigate 90%-110% of the residue anthropogenic carbon emissions in 2060,providing a solid foundation for the carbon neutrality in China.

关键词： Carbon sink Forestation Ozone Litter removal

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Study on Autonomous Surgical control system of The Vascular Interventional Surgical Robot Based on Catheter Tip Location Tracking 20

Study on Autonomous Surgical Control System of The Vascular ...

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20th IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation, ICMA 2023

作者： Feng, Zhimin Guo, Jian Guo, Shuxiang Fu, Qiang Tianjin University of Technology Tianjin Key Laboratory for Control Theory & Applications in Complicated Systems Intelligent Robot Laboratory Binshui Xidao Extension 391 Tianjin300384 China Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Biomedical Robot Co. Ltd. No.12 Ganli Sixth Road Jihua Street Longgang District Shenzhen518100 China Beijing Institute of Technology Key Laboratory of Convergence Medical Engineering System and Healthcare Technology The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology School of Life Science No.5Zhongguancun South Street Beijing100081 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350320831

The control system of vascular interventional surgical robot is a complex nonlinear system. When the catheter is inserted into human blood vessels, due to the irregular and curved shape of human blood vessels, the catheter will undergo small deformation, which will affect the displacement of the catheter. In order to reduce the displacement tracking error, a BP neural network PID controller was designed to compensate the displacement error of the autonomous vascular interventional surgical robot. Firstly, the dynamic analysis is carried out according to the axial displacement motion of the vascular interventional surgical robot, and the catheter displacement tracking controller was designed. According to the displacement error, BP neural network PID control is used to output three parameters of PID. Finally, in the experiment and PID control simulation comparison, the results show that the BP neural network PID control has a small displacement tracking error and superior tracking performance, which can meet the requirements. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Three term control systems

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Study on control Strategy of the Vascular Interventional Surgical Robot Based on LADRC 20

Study on Control Strategy of the Vascular Interventional Sur...

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20th IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation, ICMA 2023

作者： Zhang, Wenqiang Guo, Jian Guo, Shuxiang Fu, Qiang Tianjin University of Technology Tianjin Key Laboratory for Control Theory & Applications Complicated Systems and Intelligent Robot Laboratory Binshui Xidao Extension 391 Tianjin300384 China Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Biomedical Robot Co. Ltd. No.12 Ganli Sixth Road Jihua Street Longgang District Shenzhen518100 China Beijing Institute of Technology Key Laboratory of Convergence Medical Engineering System and Healthcare Technology The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology School of Life Science No.5Zhongguancun South Street Beijing100081 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350320831

As a medical device used in surgery, the vascular interventional surgical robot itself needs to have good control accuracy to ensure the safety of the surgery process. Given this security problem, this paper selects the Line Active Disturbance Rejection control (LADRC) as the control strategy of the vascular interventional robot, aiming at improving the master-slave tracking accuracy of the vascular interventional robot. This article compares the LADRC and PID(Proportional-Integral-Derivative) control strategies through simulation and experiments. The experimental results show that LADRC has good control performance for master-slave tracking and can be applied to the vascular interventional surgical robots. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Robotic surgery

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A DDPG-Based Method of Autonomous Catheter Navigation in Virtual Environment 20

A DDPG-Based Method of Autonomous Catheter Navigation in Vir...

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20th IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation, ICMA 2023

作者： Tian, Wei Guo, Jian Guo, Shuxiang Fu, Qiang Tianjin University of Technology Tianjin Key Laboratory for Control Theory & Applications in Complicated Systems Intelligent Robot Laboratory Binshui Xidao Extension 391 Tianjin300384 China Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Biomedical Robot Co. Ltd. No.12 Ganli Sixth Road Jihua Street Longgang District Shenzhen518100 China Beijing Institute of Technology Key Laboratory of Convergence Medical Engineering System and Healthcare Technology The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology School of Life Science No.5Zhongguancun South Street Beijing100081 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350320831

Vascular interventional surgery is the main method for treating cardiovascular diseases. But navigating endovascular catheters through the vascular tree is a highly challenging task even for highly trained specialists. Automation of this task can reduce the burden on surgeons and is expected to improve the surgical outcomes. Although there have been relevant studies utilizing reinforcement learning algorithms to realize autonomous navigation of catheter in the virtual environment Cathsim. However, the kinematics model of the catheter in Cathsim does not conform to the operating mode of the catheter in real vascular interventional surgery. Besides, there are problems such as low success rates of catheter autonomous navigation tasks. To address these issues, this paper modifies the kinematics model of the catheter in Cathsim and designs a catheter autonomous navigation model based on reinforcement learning DDPG (Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient) algorithm. The experimental results show that the agents trained through DDPG in this paper performs better than the agents trained through PPO (Proximal Policy optimization) in other studies in terms of navigation task success rate, completion time, and contact force between the catheter and vascular wall during the navigation process. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Design of control system for Lower Limb Rehabilitation Robot on the Healthy Side sEMG Signal 20

Design of Control System for Lower Limb Rehabilitation Robot...

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20th IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation, ICMA 2023

作者： Yu, Shiqin Guo, Jian Guo, Shuxiang Fu, Qiang Tianjin University of Technology Tianjin Key Laboratory for Control Theory & Applications in Complicated Systems Intelligent Robot Laboratory Binshui Xidao Extension 391 Tianjin300384 China Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Biomedical Robot Co. Ltd. No.12 Ganli Sixth Road Jihua Street Longgang District Shenzhen518100 China Beijing Institute of Technology Key Laboratory of Convergence Medical Engineering System and Healthcare Technology The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology School of Life Science No.5 Zhongguancun South Street Beijing100081 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350320831

With the number of stroke patients increasing year by year, rehabilitation exoskeleton robot has been paid more and more attention. For the rehabilitation exoskeleton robot, human-computer interaction ability is an important index, which affects the effect of rehabilitation therapy to a great extent. Surface Electromyography (sEMG) signals are the combined effect of sEMG signals and electrical activities on nerve stem on the skin surface, which can reflect neuromuscular activities in advance and can be used to predict movement intention by sEMG signals. Therefore, this article proposes to use sEMG signals to monitor the motion information of the healthy leg in real-time, extract the characteristics of the electromyography signals, use the sEMG of the healthy leg as the control signal, reflect the motion patterns reflected by the sEMG collected from the healthy side, and then use the motion intention recognition method of Long Short Term Memory(LSTM) neural network to identify the motion intention of the prosthetic limb by identifying the motion patterns of the swing phase of the healthy side. The results indicate that the predicted maximum Root Mean Squared Error(RMSE) is 5.3729, which proves the feasibility of using LSTM model for motion intention recognition and contributes to the real-time and accuracy of lower limb exoskeleton rehabilitation. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Long short-term memory

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A Survey of Fault Tolerance in Cloud Computing

A Survey of Fault Tolerance in Cloud Computing

引用

systems, Advanced Technologies and Knowledge (ISSATK), International Symposium of

作者： Om Kolthoum Elhajjej Nouha Alyaoui Samia Dardouri Karim Chabir Research Laboratory Modeling Aanalysis Control of System (MACS) LR16ES22 National engineering school of Gabes (ENIG) University of Gabes Tunisia Computer Science and Telecommunications Department Laboratory of Modeling Analysis and Control of Systems (MACS) Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology Zarroug Gafsa Gafsa University Tunisia Department of Computer Science College of Computing and Information Technology Shaqra University Saudi Arabia InnoV’COM Laboratory-Sup’Com University of Carthage Tunisia

ISBN: (数字)9798331540173

ISBN: (纸本)9798331540180

This paper is designed to provide a comprehensive overview of the latest developments in fault tolerance methods for cloud computing. Maintaining high availability and reliability of cloud environments requires fault tolerance. This paper explores fault tolerance in the context of cloud computing and discusses recent challenges and innovations in the field. Moreover, it examines the ongoing research efforts to improve fault-tolerance architectures. At the end of the paper, the paper presents system-level metrics that are relevant to fault tolerance.

关键词： Measurement Surveys Cloud computing Fault tolerance Technological innovation Scalability Fault tolerant systems Computer architecture Software Software reliability

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Uplink Precoding Design for Cell-Free Massive MIMO With Iteratively Weighted MMSE

Uplink Precoding Design for Cell-Free Massive MIMO With Iter...

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作者： Wang, Zhe Zhang, Jiayi Ngo, Hien Quoc Ai, Bo Debbah, Merouane Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-Speed Railway System The School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China Institute of Electronics Communications and Information Technology Queen’s University Belfast BelfastBT3 9DT United Kingdom State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Intelligent Networking and Data Analysis The Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-Speed Railway System Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou450001 China Peng Cheng Laboratory Research Center of Networks and Communications Shenzhen518066 China Technology Innovation Institute Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates CentraleSupélec University Paris-Saclay Gif-sur-Yvette91192 France

In this paper, we investigate a cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output system with both access points and user equipments equipped with multiple antennas over the Weichselberger Rayleigh fading channel. We study the uplink spectral efficiency (SE) for the fully centralized processing scheme and large-scale fading decoding (LSFD) scheme. To further improve the SE performance, we design the uplink precoding schemes based on the weighted sum SE maximization. Since the weighted sum SE maximization problem is not jointly over all optimization variables, two efficient uplink precoding schemes based on Iteratively Weighted sum-Minimum Mean Square Error (I-WMMSE) algorithms, which rely on the iterative minimization of weighted Mean Square Error (MSE), are proposed for two processing schemes investigated. Furthermore, with maximum ratio combining applied in the LSFD scheme, we derive novel closed-form achievable SE expressions and optimal precoding schemes. Numerical results validate the proposed results and show that the I-WMMSE precoding schemes can achieve excellent sum SE performance with a large number of UE antennas. © 1972-2012 IEEE.

关键词： MIMO systems

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Size-Invariance Matters: Rethinking Metrics and Losses for Imbalanced Multi-object Salient Object Detection

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Li, Feiran Xu, Qianqian Bao, Shilong Yang, Zhiyong Cong, Runmin Cao, Xiaochun Huang, Qingming Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Cyber Security University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Computer Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Institute of Information Science Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing China School of Control Science and Engineering Shandong University Jinan China Key Laboratory of Machine Intelligence and System Control Ministry of Education Jinan China School of Cyber Science and Tech. Sun Yat-Sen University Shenzhen Campus China Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Knowledge Management Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

This paper explores the size-invariance of evaluation metrics in Salient Object Detection (SOD), especially when multiple targets of diverse sizes co-exist in the same image. We observe that current metrics are size-sensitive, where larger objects are focused, and smaller ones tend to be ignored. We argue that the evaluation should be size-invariant because bias based on size is unjustified without additional semantic information. In pursuit of this, we propose a generic approach that evaluates each salient object separately and then combines the results, effectively alleviating the imbalance. We further develop an optimization framework tailored to this goal, achieving considerable improvements in detecting objects of different sizes. Theoretically, we provide evidence supporting the validity of our new metrics and present the generalization analysis of SOD. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our method. The code is available at https://***/Ferry-Li/SI-SOD. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Object detection

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Generalized Multi-kernel Maximum Correntropy Kalman Filter for Disturbance Estimation

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Li, Shilei Shi, Dawei Lou, Yunjiang Zou, Wulin Shi, Ling The Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong The School of Automation Beijing Institute of Technology China The State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Shenzhen518055 China Xeno Dynamics Control Department Xeno Dynamics Co. Ltd Shenzhen518055 China

Disturbance observers have been attracting continuing research efforts and are widely used in many applications. Among them, the Kalman filter-based disturbance observer is an attractive one since it estimates both the state and the disturbance simultaneously, and is optimal for a linear system with Gaussian noises. Unfortunately, The noise in the disturbance channel typically exhibits a heavy-tailed distribution because the nominal disturbance dynamics usually do not align with the practical ones. To handle this issue, we propose a generalized multi-kernel maximum correntropy Kalman filter for disturbance estimation, which is less conservative by adopting different kernel bandwidths for different channels and exhibits excellent performance both with and without external disturbance. The convergence of the fixed point iteration and the complexity of the proposed algorithm are given. Simulations on a robotic manipulator reveal that the proposed algorithm is very efficient in disturbance estimation with moderate algorithm complexity. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Kalman filters

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Research on Leakage Inductance and Eddy Current Loss of Nanocrystalline High-Frequency Transformers

Research on Leakage Inductance and Eddy Current Loss of Nano...

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International Conference on Electrical Machines and systems (ICEMS)

作者： Yang Liu Xue Liu Zhenhuan Yin Kan Dong Chi Ma Dongdong Cui State Key Laboratory for Traction and Control System of EMU and Locomotive China Academy of Railway Science Corporation Limited Beijing China Key Laboratory of Power Electronics and Electric Drive Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Electronic Electrical and Communication Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

High-frequency transformers are a vital component of isolated DC/DC converters, and its leakage inductance can be adjusted by changing the winding method of the two-phase windings. Nanocrystalline magnetic cores have been widely applied due to their advantages in high-saturation flux and high magnetic permeability. However, their quite high electrical conductivity can easily lead to appreciable eddy current loss. This paper investigates the mechanism behind the eddy current loss caused by leakage flux by varying the number of windings cross turns, and verifies through simulation that the eddy current loss of nanocrystalline high-frequency transformers increases with increasing leakage inductance.

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