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Design of a Bio-inspired Extensible Continuum Manipulator with Variable Stiffness

Journal of Bionic Engineering 2025年第1期22卷 181-194页

作者： Dongbao Sui Sikai Zhao Tianshuo Wang Yubin Liu Yanhe Zhu Jie Zhao State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150001China

This paper presents a continuum manipulator inspired by the anatomical characteristics of the elephant ***,the manipulator mimics the conoid profile of the elephant trunk,which helps to enhance its *** design features two concentric parts:inner pneumatically actuated bellows and an outer tendon-driven helical *** tendons control the omnidirectional bending of the manipulator,while the fusion of the pneumatic bellows with the tendon-driven spring results in an antagonistic actuation mechanism that provides the manipulator with variable stiffness and *** paper presents a new design for extensible manipulator and analyzes its stiffness and motion *** results are consistent with theoretical analysis,thereby demonstrating the validity of the theoretical approach and the versatile practical mechanical properties of the continuum *** impressive extensibility and variable stiffness of the manipulator were further demonstrated by performing a pin-hole assembly task.

关键词： Bioinspired robots Continuum robots Soft robotics Variable stiffness

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A trajectory-level robot skill learning method based on fuzzy systems

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第5期68卷 38-52页

作者： Chao ZENG Zhen DENG Boyang TI Yongsheng GAO Department of Computer Science University of Liverpool School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Fuzhou University State Key Laboratory of Robotics Shenyang Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutes for Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology

Learning from demonstration(LfD) allows for the effective transfer of human manipulation skills to a robot by building a model that represents these skills based on a limited number of demonstrated ***,a skilllearning model that can comprehensively satisfy multiple requirements,such as computational complexity,modeling accuracy,trajectory smoothness,and robustness,is still ***,this work aims to provide such a model by employing fuzzy ***,we introduce an LfD model named Takagi-Sugeno-Kang fuzzy system-based movement primitives(TSKFMPs),which exploits the advantages of the fuzzy theory for effective robotic imitation learning of human *** work formulates the TSK fuzzy system and gradient descent(GD) as imitation learning models,leveraging recent advancements in GD-based optimization for fuzzy *** study takes a two-step strategy.(ⅰ) The input-output relationships of the model are established using TSK fuzzy systems based on demonstration *** this way,the skill is encoded by the model parameter in the latent space.(ⅱ) GD is used to optimize the model parameter to increase the modeling accuracy and trajectory *** further explain how learned trajectories are adapted to new task scenarios through local *** conduct multiple tests using an open dataset to validate our method,and the results demonstrate performance comparable with those of other ***,we implement it in a real-world case study.

关键词： robot skill learning movement primitives TSK fuzzy systems gradient descent robotics

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Mechanism of material removal and chip formation of alumina dispersion strengthened copper in micro-milling

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2025年第1期20卷 27-43页

作者： Chang LIU Chunya WU Xiguang LI Bo HOU Jiahao WU Ruijiang SUN Mingjun CHEN School of Mechatronics Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

Alumina dispersion-strengthened copper (ADSC), as a representative particle-reinforced metal matrix composite (PRMMC), exhibits superior wear resistance and high strength. However, challenges arise in their processability because of the non-uniform material properties of biphasic materials. In particular, limited research has been conducted on the reinforcement mechanism and behavior of particles during material cutting deformation of PRMMC with nanoscale particles. In this study, a cutting simulation model for ADSC was established, separating the nanoscale reinforcement particles from the matrix. This model was utilized to analyze the interactions among particles, matrix, and tool during the cutting process, providing insights into chip formation and fracture. Particles with high strength and hardness are more prone to storing stress concentrations, anchoring themselves at grain boundaries to resist grain fibration, thereby influencing the stress distribution in the cutting deformation zone. Stress concentration around the particles leads to the formation of discontinuous chips, indicating that ADSC with high-volume fractions of particle (VFP) exhibits low cutting continuity, which is consistent with the results of cutting experiments. The tool tip that is in contact with particles experiences stress concentration, thereby accelerating tool wear. Cutting ADSC with 1.1% VFP results in tool blunting, which increases the radius of cutting edge from 0.5 to 1.9 μm, accompanied with remarkable coating delamination and wear. Simulation results indicate that the minimum uncut chip thickness increases from 0.04 to 0.07 μm as VFP increases from 0.3% to 1.1%. In conjunction with scratch experiments, MUCT increases with the augmentation of VFP. Computational analysis of the specific cutting force indicates that particles contribute to the material’s size effect. The results of this study provide theoretical guidance for practical engineering machining of ADSC, indicating its g

关键词： alumina dispersion-strengthened copper particle-reinforced metal matrix composites material removal mechanism micro-milling chip formation minimum uncut chip thickness

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Online Motion Generation via Tangential Sampling-Based MPC Around Nonconvex Obstacles

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IEEE robotics and Automation Letters 2025年第6期10卷 5537-5544页

作者： Zhao, Guangbao Jin, Ninglong Wu, Jianhua Xiong, Zhenhua Institute of Robotics School of Mechanical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration Shanghai JiaoTong University Shanghai200240 China

Collision-free motion planning has a well-established research history, but the majority of studies have been centered around Euclidean space and conducted offline. The primary challenge in online motion planning lies in circumventing local minima, which become more pronounced in configuration space. We propose an online method for generating collision-free motion in configuration space that effectively avoids local minima. Our approach decomposes the optimal velocity into nominal and tangential components, with the tangential velocity optimized to facilitate escape from local minima. The tangential velocity is defined in the tangential space, with its normal direction determined by the gradient of the nearest distance between the robot and obstacles, relative to the robot's states. Direct optimization of the tangential velocity is challenging due to its dependence on varying tangent spaces. To address this, we represent the tangential velocity using the orthogonal basis of the tangent space, decoupling it from the varying tangent space. This allows explicit optimization of the tangential velocity by optimizing its components. Additionally, we introduce a warm-start operator in the tangent space to ensure the consistency and convergence. Furthermore, we propose a dynamic weight based on proximity to local minima to balance the tangential and nominal velocities, forming the optimal velocity. The effectiveness of our approach in avoiding local minima is validated through simulations and physical experiments. © 2016 IEEE.

关键词： Motion planning

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Hybrid Tension and Configuration Control of Cable-Driven Hyper-Redundant Robots for High Accuracy and Stability

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IEEE robotics and Automation Letters 2025年第6期10卷 5601-5608页

作者： Zhu, Zhenpu Li, Ziqing Peng, Zhanxuan Liu, Chao Gu, Guoying Shanghai Jiao Tong University State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration Robotics Institute School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai200240 China

Due to the advantages of dexterity and adaptability, cable-driven hyper-redundant robots (CDHRRs) are promising for detection in confined spaces like narrow internal cavities. However, due to redundant degrees of freedom (DoFs), CDHRRs are susceptible to the singular configuration, which aggravates the difficulty of high-accuracy control and high-stable motion. To solve these problems, this work proposes hybrid tension and configuration control to improve motion accuracy and stability. Firstly, a CDHRR model with structural optimization and friction reduction is developed. The quasi-static and cable-hole length estimation models are obtained, including cable-hole friction, cable-hole interval, and cable deformation. Subsequently, single and multi-segment controllers are designed. The controller can distribute tension in the expected range with the above design while featuring high accuracy, responsiveness, and stability. The control algorithm optimizes configuration with an average error under 1.00°. Moreover, the controller reaches the target with controllable forces in 1.0 s and flattens the fluctuations within 0.3 s. The controller can be implemented into automatic zeroing and tip loading. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed controller features speedy automatic zeroing (in 4 mins) and low angle tracking errors (less than 1.50°) under various tip loads. © 2016 IEEE.

关键词： Friction

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A Simple Control Scheme with Model Predictive Control-Based Footstep Planner and Virtual Model Control for Planar Biped Robot 16th

A Simple Control Scheme with Model Predictive Control-Based ...

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16th International Conference on Modelling, Identification and Control, ICMIC 2024

作者： Heng, Shuai Song, Chao Chen, Boyang Zhang, Yue Zang, Xizhe Zhao, Jie State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150080 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819617760

In this paper, our objective is to achieve stable walking for biped robots using a simple yet powerful control scheme. This control scheme consists of a planning and control framework. For the motion planner, we utilize the Linear Inverted Pendulum Model as the equations of motion for the biped. Model Predictive Control is applied to plan the Zero Moment Point (ZMP) for future steps. Trajectories for the swing foot and base are generated based on the planned ZMP. Subsequently, a straightforward and intuitive control method called Virtual Model Control is employed to calculate control torques for tracking the generated trajectories. Finally, simulations conducted on flat-foot bipedal robots in MuJoCo validate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme in achieving stable walking and attaining the desired locomotion velocity. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Predictive control systems

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Modeling tactile perceived intensity for vibration from a coin eccentric rotating mass motor

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 125-135页

作者： Yun FANG Jingchen HUANG Yujun WU Jiaqi DONG Weichao GUO Xinjun SHENG State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration School of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Meta Robotics Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Establishing the relationship between vibrotactile parameters and perceived intensity(PI)is of great significance in the regulation of desired sensations,which contribute to haptic interfaces in practical *** eccentric rotating mass(ERM)motors are routinely utilized due to their lightweight design and efficient ability to evoke strong tactile *** adjusting input voltages,ERMs can yield different stimuli,but the effects of their physical properties on PI remain ***,we developed the physical model of the ERM-skin system and optimized the parameters affecting ***,the relationship between stimulus and perception was derived based on Fechner's *** experiments were conducted on fifteen subjects(ten males and five females,aged 24.40±2.87 years)to identify the vibration parameters and corresponding PI to verify the proposed PI *** in this study were attached to phantom skin/forearm with slim adhesive tape to minimize the *** 1 performed vibration calibration with ERM attached to the skin phantom to simulate the actual ***,the relative and absolute PI of subjects on specific stimuli were acquired in Experiments 2 and *** fitting reliability of the proposed PI model was evaluated on fifteen subjects with R^(2) of 0.73±0.07 and root mean squared error(RMSE)of 1.35±***,the proposed PI model established the quantitative relationship between stimulus parameters(vibration parameters and physical parameters)and subjective PI,which provided theoretical support for ERM optimization and vibrotactile modulation.

关键词： coin ERM vibrotactile perceived intensity vibration

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Modelling and experimental investigation of micro-dimpled structures milling with spiral trajectory tool reciprocating motion

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2025年第2期38卷 577-596页

作者： Guangzhou WANG Linjie ZHAO Qi LIU Xiguang LI Yazhou SUN Mingjun CHEN School of Mechatronics Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Centre for Precision Manufacturing DMEMUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgow G11XJUK State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

To mill fine and well-defined micro-dimpled structures,a machining manner of spiral trajectory tool reciprocating motion,where the tool repeats the process of‘feed milling–retract–cutting feed–feed milling again’along the spiral trajectory,was *** the kinematics analysis,it is found that the machining quality of micro-dimpled structures is highly dependent on the machining trajectory using spiral trajectory tool reciprocating *** reveal this causation,simulation modelling and experimental studies were carried out.A simulation model was developed to quantitatively and qualitatively investigate the influence of the trajectory discretization strategies(constant-angle and constant-arc length)and parameters(discrete angle,discrete arc length,and pitch)on surface texture and residual height of micro-dimpled ***,micro-dimpled structures were milled under different trajectory discretization strategies and parameters with spiral trajectory tool reciprocating motion.A comprehensive comparison between the milled results and simulation analysis was made based on geometry accuracy,surface morphology and surface roughness of milled ***,the errors and factors affecting the above three aspects were *** results demonstrate both the feasibility of the established simulation model and the machining capability of this machining way in milling high-quality micro-dimpled *** trajectory tool reciprocating motion provides a new machining way for milling micro-dimpled structures and micro-dimpled functional *** an appropriate machining trajectory can be generated based on the optimized trajectory parameters,thus contributing to the improvement of machining quality and efficiency.

关键词： Tool reciprocating motion Spiral trajectory Micro-dimpled structure Micromachining Simulation modelling with diamond tool Surface texture

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A Novel Filtering Framework for High-Density sEMG Based on Variational Mode Decomposition and Independent Vector Analysis

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2025年第6期25卷 9831-9841页

作者： Zhao, Zeming Guo, Weichao Xia, Miaojuan Sheng, Xinjun Shanghai Jiao Tong University State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration Shanghai200240 China Shanghai Jiao Tong University State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration The Meta Robotics Institute Shanghai200240 China

During the acquisition process, surface electromyography (sEMG) recordings are unavoidably contaminated by different types of noise signals, including baseline noise (BLN), powerline interference (PLI), and white Gaussian noise (WGN). The inclusion of these noise signals significantly diminishes the quality of sEMG signals and impairs the accuracy and resilience of their subsequent utilization. There are two significant issues concerning existing filters: 1) the primary technique for filters targeting BLN and PLI remains IIR filters. However, this methodology makes it challenging to prevent the filters from suppressing sEMG signals in the stopband and 2) the noise signals that are filtered out by the filters targeting WGN do not adhere to a Gaussian distribution. In this study, we propose a novel filtering framework that combines split spectrum processing (SSP) and mix source separation (MSS) to effectively eliminate the three types of noise signals and address the two aforementioned concerns. In this article, other four well-designed filtering methods, including the infinite impulse response (IIR) filter, ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) method, variational mode decomposition (VMD) method and the independent vector analysis (IVA) method, were evaluated for comparison. The proposed filtering framework demonstrated superior performance in eliminating all three types of noise signals. The simulated signals showed an improvement in SNR of 29.7, 22.4, and 12.9 dB for sEMG signals corrupted by BLN, PLI, and WGN with input SNRs of -10 dB, respectively. The experimental results indicated that the proposed method achieved an average improvement in SNR of 15.9 dB. The proposed filter is highly effective in eliminating all three types of noise and can be utilized for various applications that necessitate sEMG signals, such as gesture recognition and sEMG decomposition.(Figure presented.) © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： White noise

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FWAF-VID: A Flapping-Wing Aggressive Flight Benchmark Dataset for Visual-Inertial Localization

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IEEE robotics and Automation Letters 2025年第6期10卷 6328-6335页

作者： Jiang, Jizhou Pan, Erzhen Xu, Wenfu Sun, Wei Ye, Jingyang School of Robotics and Advanced Manufacture Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Morphing Mechanisms and Adaptive Robotics Shenzhen China Guangdong Biomimetic Intelligent Unmanned System Engineering Technology Research Center Shenzhen518052 China

Accurate state estimation of micro aerial vehicles (MAVs) in high-speed and dynamic environments poses a significant challenge for visual-inertial odometry (VIO) algorithms. Flapping-wing aerial vehicles (FWAVs), as an emerging flight platform, have attracted significant attention for stealth capabilities and efficient flight characteristics. Despite the availability of numerous MAV visual-inertial datasets for six-degree-of-freedom (6-DoF) state estimation, these datasets are not applicable for FWAVs with pronounced vibrations and agile maneuverability. To address this gap, we propose a large-scale flapping-wing aggressive flight visual-inertial dataset FWAF-VID. It contains diverse integrations of synchronized onboard cameras and IMU sensors. A total of 28 sequences include static flapping, calibration, and real-world flights collected in outdoor and indoor environments. The 17 flight sequences feature variations in illuminations, speeds, trajectories, camera perspectives, and flight modalities. We provide precisely aligned ground truth RTK and UWB measurements for algorithm evaluation. Furthermore, a comprehensive benchmark comparison is conducted, qualitatively and quantitatively evaluating the positioning accuracy of state-of-theart VIO algorithms. The experimental results indicate that despite the degradation in localization accuracy in high-dynamic environments, FWAF-VID can effectively support the further development of VIO algorithms for FWAVs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first onboard benchmark dataset tailored for aggressive flight in flapping-wing airborne platforms. © 2016 IEEE.

关键词： Micro air vehicle (MAV)

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