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Subnational mapping of HIV incidence and mortality among individuals aged 15–49 years in sub-Saharan Africa, 2000–18: a modelling study

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The Lancet HIV 2021年第6期8卷 e363-e375页

作者： Sartorius, Benn VanderHeide, John D. Yang, Mingyou Goosmann, Erik A. Hon, Julia Haeuser, Emily Cork, Michael A. Perkins, Samantha Jahagirdar, Deepa Schaeffer, Lauren E. Serfes, Audrey L. LeGrand, Kate E. Abbastabar, Hedayat Abebo, Zeleke Hailemariam Abosetugn, Akine Eshete Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Accrombessi, Manfred Mario Kokou Adebayo, Oladimeji M. Adegbosin, Adeyinka Emmanuel Adekanmbi, Victor Adetokunboh, Olatunji O. Adeyinka, Daniel Adedayo Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmadi, Keivan Ahmed, Muktar Beshir Akalu, Yonas Akinyemi, Oluwaseun Oladapo Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola Aklilu, Addis Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet Alahdab, Fares Al-Aly, Ziyad Alam, Noore Alamneh, Alehegn Aderaw Alanzi, Turki M. Alemu, Biresaw Wassihun Alhassan, Robert Kaba Ali, Tilahun Alipour, Vahid Amini, Saeed Ancuceanu, Robert Ansari, Fereshteh Anteneh, Zelalem Alamrew Anvari, Davood Anwer, Razique Appiah, Seth Christopher Yaw Arabloo, Jalal Asemahagn, Mulusew A. Asghari Jafarabadi, Mohammad Asmare, Wondwossen Niguse Atnafu, Desta Debalkie Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi Atreya, Alok Ausloos, Marcel Awedew, Atalel Fentahun Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayanore, Martin Amogre Aynalem, Yared Asmare Ayza, Muluken Altaye Azari, Samad Azene, Zelalem Nigussie Babar, Zaheer-Ud-Din Baig, Atif Amin Balakrishnan, Senthilkumar Banach, Maciej Bärnighausen, Till Winfried Basu, Sanjay Bayati, Mohsen Bedi, Neeraj Bekuma, Tariku Tesfaye Bezabhe, Woldesellassie M. Mequanint Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bhutta, Zulfiqar A. Bibi, Sadia Bikbov, Boris Birhan, Tsegaye Adane Bitew, Zebenay Workneh Bockarie, Moses John Boloor, Archith Brady, Oliver J. Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi Briko, Andrey Nikolaevich Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich Burugina Nagaraja, Sharath Butt, Zahid A. Cárdenas, Rosario Carvalho, Felix Charan, Jaykaran Chatterjee, Souranshu Chattu, Soosanna Kumary Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chowdhury, Mohiuddin Ahsanul Kabir Chu, Dinh-Toi Cook, Aubrey J. Cormier, Natalie Maria Cowden, Richard G. Culquichicon, Carlos Dagnew, Baye Dahlawi, Saad M.A. D Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Malaria Atlas Project University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom The George Institute for Global Health University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Global Health University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Insights Program Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Seattle WA United States Global Programs Medical Teams International Seattle WA United States Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston MA United States Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Multiple Sclerosis Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Environmental Health Engineering Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Public Health Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia College of Medicine and Health Science Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Nursing Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Biomedical Sciences Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Public Health Debre Berhan University Debre Brehan

Background: High-resolution estimates of HIV burden across space and time provide an important tool for tracking and monitoring the progress of prevention and control efforts and assist with improving the precision and efficiency of targeting efforts. We aimed to assess HIV incidence and HIV mortality for all second-level administrative units across sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: In this modelling study, we developed a framework that used the geographically specific HIV prevalence data collected in seroprevalence surveys and antenatal care clinics to train a model that estimates HIV incidence and mortality among individuals aged 15–49 years. We used a model-based geostatistical framework to estimate HIV prevalence at the second administrative level in 44 countries in sub-Saharan Africa for 2000–18 and sought data on the number of individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART) by second-level administrative unit. We then modified the Estimation and Projection Package (EPP) to use these HIV prevalence and treatment estimates to estimate HIV incidence and mortality by second-level administrative unit. Findings: The estimates suggest substantial variation in HIV incidence and mortality rates both between and within countries in sub-Saharan Africa, with 15 countries having a ten-times or greater difference in estimated HIV incidence between the second-level administrative units with the lowest and highest estimated incidence levels. Across all 44 countries in 2018, HIV incidence ranged from 2·8 (95% uncertainty interval 2·1–3·8) in Mauritania to 1585·9 (1369·4–1824·8) cases per 100 000 people in Lesotho and HIV mortality ranged from 0·8 (0·7–0·9) in Mauritania to 676·5 (513·6–888·0) deaths per 100 000 people in Lesotho. Variation in both incidence and mortality was substantially greater at the subnational level than at the national level and the highest estimated rates were accordingly higher. Among second-level administrative units, Guijá District, Gaza Province, Mozambique,

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A study on key technologies of unmanned driving

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2016年第1期1卷 4-13页

作者： Xinyu Zhang Hongbo Gao Mu Guo Guopeng Li Yuchao Liu Deyi Li Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Information Technology Center Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment Beihang University Beijing 100191 China The Institute of Electronic System Engineering Beijing 100039 China

Although the development of machine intelligence is far from simulating all the cognitive competence of our brains, still it is absolutely possible to peel the driving activity from people＇s cognitive activities and then make the machine finish some low-level, complicated and lasting driving cognition by simulating our brains. The goal of driving is to replace drivers and free them from boring driving activities. Based on some studies on unmanned driving, this paper summarizes and analyzes the background, significance, research status and key technology of unmanned driving and the research group also introduces some research on brain cognition of driving and sensor placement of intelligent vehicles, which offers more meaningful reference to push the study of unmanned driving.

关键词： Unmanned driving Brain cognition of driving Sensor placement Formalization of brain cognition

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Novel Detection Service Method for Moving Object in IOT

Novel Detection Service Method for Moving Object in IOT

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2016 3rd International Conference on Materials engineering,Manufacturing Technology and Control(ICMEMTC 2016)

作者： Jie Chen Degan Zhang School of Electronic and Information Engineering Tianjin Vocational Institute Tianjin Key Lab of Intelligent Computing & Novel software Technology Tianjin University of Technology Key Laboratory of Computer Vision and System (Tianjin University of Technology) Ministry of Education

In embedded Internet of Things(IOT) environment, there are the troubles such as complex background, illumination changes, shadows and other factors for detecting moving object, so we put forward a new detection service method through mixing Gaussian Mixture Model(GMM), edge detection service method and continuous frame difference method in this paper. In time domain, the new method uses GMM to model and updates the background. In spatial domain, it uses the hybrid detection service method which mixes edge detection service method, continuous frame difference method and GMM to get initial contour of moving object, and gets ultimate moving object. This method not only can well adapt to the illumination gradients and background disturbance occurred on scene, but also can well solve some problems such as inaccurate target detection, incomplete edge detection, cavitation and ghost which usually appears in traditional method. As experimental result showing, this method holds better real-time and robustness. It is not only easily implemented, but also can accurately detect moving object.

关键词： GMM embedded IOT moving object detection service

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Meeting Industry Needs for Secure software Development

Meeting Industry Needs for Secure Software Development

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Conference on software engineering Education & Training (CSEE&T)

作者： Nancy R. Mead Girish Seshagiri Julie Howar Software Engineering Institute Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania United States Ishpi Information Technologies Inc. Charleston South Carolina United States Illinois Central College East Peoria Illinois United States

In this paper, we describe a partnership between the Central Illinois Center of Excellence for Secure software (CICESS) and Illinois Central College (ICC) that resulted in the creation of a two-year degree program in Secure software Development. That program incorporated an apprenticeship model and the software engineering institute's software assurance curriculum recommendations at the community college level. We describe the industry needs, the software assurance curriculum recommendations, how ICC implemented those recommendations, and the return on investment model presented to industry.

关键词： software Training Industries Computer security engineering profession software engineering

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Big Data Analytics for Earth Sciences:the EarthServer approach

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2016年第1期9卷 3-29页

作者： Peter Baumann Paolo Mazzetti Joachim Ungar Roberto Barbera Damiano Barboni Alan Beccati Lorenzo Bigagli Enrico Boldrini Riccardo Bruno Antonio Calanducci Piero Campalani Oliver Clements Alex Dumitrua,Mike Grant Pasquale Herzig George Kakaletris John Laxton Panagiota Koltsida Kinga Lipskoch Alireza Rezaei Mahdiraji Simone Mantovani Vlad Merticariu Antonio Messina Dimitar Misev Stefano Natali Stefano Nativi Jelmer Oosthoek Marco Pappalardo James Passmore Angelo Pio Rossi Francesco Rundo Marcus Sen Vittorio Sorbera Don Sullivan Mario Torrisi Leonardo Trovato Maria Grazia Veratelli Sebastian Wagner Large-Scale Scientific Information Systems Jacobs UniversityBremenGermany Rasdaman GmbH BremenGermany CNR-IIA National Research Council of ItalyInstitute of Atmospheric Pollution ResearchFlorenceItaly EOX IT Services GmbH ViennaAustria Consorzio COMETA CataniaItaly Division of Catania Italian National Institute for Nuclear PhysicsCataniaItaly Department of Physics and Astronomy University of CataniaCataniaItaly MEEO S.r.l. FerraraItaly Plymouth Marine Laboratory PlymouthUK Fraunhofer IGD DarmstadtGermany Athena Research and Innovation Center in Information Communication&Knowledge Technologies AthensGreece British Geological Survey EdinburghUK Software Engineering Italia S.r.l. CataniaItaly British Geological Survey KeyworthUK NASA Ames Research Center Moffett FieldCAUSA

Big Data Analytics is an emerging field since massive storage and computing capabilities have been made available by advanced *** and Environmental sciences are likely to benefit from Big Data Analytics techniques supporting the processing of the large number of Earth Observation datasets currently acquired and generated through observations and ***,Earth Science data and applications present specificities in terms of relevance of the geospatial information,wide heterogeneity of data models and formats,and complexity of ***,Big Earth Data Analytics requires specifically tailored techniques and *** EarthServer Big Earth Data Analytics engine offers a solution for coverage-type datasets,built around a high performance array database technology,and the adoption and enhancement of standards for service interaction(OGC WCS and WCPS).The EarthServer solution,led by the collection of requirements from scientific communities and international initiatives,provides a holistic approach that ranges from query languages and scalability up to mobile access and *** result is demonstrated and validated through the development of lighthouse applications in the Marine,Geology,Atmospheric,Planetary and Cryospheric science domains.

关键词： big data Big Data Analytics array databases Earth Sciences interoperability standards

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Multifunctional and Reconfigurational Microfiber Resonator with Analogous Electro-Magnetically-Induced Transparency

Multifunctional and Reconfigurational Microfiber Resonator w...

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International Symposium on Optoelectronic Technology and Application 2016(OTA 2016)——Conf.15 Optical Communication and Optical Network

作者： Qizhen Sun Zhilin Xu Yiyang Luo Deming Liu Borui Li Haipeng Luo Chengbo Mou Perry Ping Shum Lin Zhang School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and Technology National Engineering Laboratory for Next Generation Internet Access System Aston Institute of Photonic Technologies Aston University Centre for Optical Fibre Technology School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringNanyang Technological University

Electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT) is a phenomenon coming from quantum coherent interaction of light with multilevel atoms, which can create extremely narrow transparency window by eliminat

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Flexible and efficient aggregation framework for antifragile wireless mesh networks

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Journal of Reliable Intelligent Environments 2015年第2-4期1卷 159-171页

作者： Asif, Muhammad Shahzad Shafiq, Muhammad Choi, Jin-Ghoo Iqbal, Muddesar Irshad, Azeem University Institute of Information Technology PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi Pakistan Department of Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam University Gyeongsan Korea Republic of Pak-UK Institute of Innovative Technologies for Disaster Management University of Gujrat Gujrat Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering International Islamic University Islamabad Pakistan

Wireless mesh networks (WMNs) have found an interesting alternative application in public safety and disaster recovery as they are enabled with key features such as fault tolerance, broadband support, and interoperability. However, their sparsely distributed wireless nodes need to frequently share the control packets among each other for successful data transfer. These packets give rise to a considerable amount of control overhead, especially for multimedia traffic, which is not bearable in jeopardy situations of network disaster such as 9/11 and Hurricane Katrina. Hence, to avoid the huge cost of control overhead, aggregation is supposed to be one of the handy solutions for building a new object from one or more existing objects of network traffic. Generally, aggregation has three types to be executed on ‘packets’, ‘frames’ and the ‘links’ of a network. The network decision that when and which type of aggregation is suitable in a given scenario is a complex balancing act. Because, it is bounded by various live statistics of the communication link (e.g., buffer size, link quality, bandwidth, maximum transmission unit, and delay etc.) and thus, can considerably affect the network efficiency. If such statistics do not support aggregation or its certain type, network performance may cause worse affects. This paper proposes a decision-oriented dynamic solution, namely AADM, which is an adaptive aggregation-based decision model. Based on the link quality and its live statistics, AADM dynamically takes judicious decisions about aggregation and its specific type to achieve the desired outcome. Despite network scalability, quality of service, power optimization, and network efficiency, it also reduces control traffic in WMNs. OMNET++ simulations are used to verify AADM. Simulation results have shown that AADM outperforms existing static approaches in terms of packet loss, throughput and delay. © 2015, Springer International Publishing Switzerland.

关键词： Data transfer

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Reusable planning and scheduling tool for SPPSS: Public Operation Service 14th

Reusable planning and scheduling tool for SPPSS: Public Oper...

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14th International Conference on Space Operations, SpaceOps 2016

作者： Li, Dalin Gu, Yanfeng Bai, Meng Yang, Binbin Wu, Hai Yan Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150001 China National Space Science Center CAS Beijing100190 China Beihang University Beijing100191 China Key Laboratory of Integrated Avionics and Information Technology for Complex Aerospace System No.1 Nanertiao Zhonguancun Haidian district Beijing China School of Electronic and Information Engineering No.92 Xidazhijie Nangang district Harbin China Satellite Mission Operation Laboratory No.1 Nanertiao Zhonguancun Haidian district Beijing China School of Software No.37 Xueyuanlu Haidian district Beijing China

ISBN: (数字)9781624104268

ISBN: (纸本)9781624104268

The Strategic Pioneer Program on Space Science (SPPSS) was approved by Chinese Academy of Sciences on January 2011. The first satellite in the program, Dark Matter Particle Explorer, was launched on December 2015. Public Operation Service system is designed to provide scheduling and planning services for all the satellite missions related to SPPSS. The system requirements are analyzed, and the layout of it is detailed introduced in this paper. Then the performance of the system is concluded at the end. © 2016, American institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc, AIAA. All rights reserved.

关键词： Scheduling

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Modelling cyber security for software-defined networks those grow strong when exposed to threats: Analysis and propositions

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Journal of Reliable Intelligent Environments 2015年第2-4期1卷 123-146页

作者： Ahmed, Usama Raza, Imran Hussain, Syed Asad Ali, Amjad Iqbal, Muddesar Wang, Xinheng Department of Computer Science Communication and Networks Research Centre COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Lahore Pakistan Department of Software Engineering Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan Pak-UK Institute of Innovative Technologies for Disaster Management University of Gujrat Gujrat Pakistan

With each passing day, the information and communication technologies are evolving with more and more information shared across the globe using the internet superhighway. The threats to information, while connected to the cyber world are getting more targeted, voluminous, and sophisticated requiring new antifragile and resilient network security mechanisms. Whether the information is being processed in the application, in transit within the network or residing in the storage, it is equally susceptible to attack at every level of abstraction and cannot be handled in isolation as the case has been with conventional security mechanisms. The advent of software-Defined Networks (SDN) has given a new outlook to information protection, where the network can aid in the design of a system that is secure and dependable in case of cyber threats. The nature of SDN, mainly its programmability and centrality of network information and control has led us to think of security in an antifragile perspective. Our networks can now thrive and grow stronger when they are exposed to volatility by overwhelming cyber threats. However, SDN infrastructure itself is susceptible to severe threats that may mutilate the provision of its usability as security provider. Both these perspectives of "Security with SDN" and "Security for SDN" have invited research and innovations, yet both these approaches remain disintegrated, failing to support each other. The contribution of this paper is threefold, with first reviewing the current state of the art work for both perspectives of SDN security. Second, it advocates the necessity and introduces a novel approach of antifragile cyber security within SDN paradigm and finally it proposes a unified model for integrating both approaches of "Security with SDN" and "Security for SDN" to achieve the overall objective of protecting our information from cyber threats in this globally connected internetwork. © 2015, Springer International Publishing Switzerland.

关键词： Cybersecurity

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SPL-based traceability model for food document tracing 9

SPL-based traceability model for food document tracing

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9th Malaysian software engineering Conference, MySEC 2015

作者： Binti Azram, Nur Adila Binti Atan, Rodziah Halal Products Research Institute Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia Department of Software Engineering and Information System Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Selangor Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9781467382267

Traceability has been an important subject in the research world to be investigated. In software engineering, traceability has been crucial for software development processes. In food domain, traceability has also been seen as an important topic for tracing food content of various food products and operations. In this paper, we present a software product line (SPL) based traceability model for food document tracing. The results from the proposed model show the applicability of SPL-based traceability technique to be used in food document tracing operation. © 2015 IEEE.

关键词： Food products

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