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COMPARING PERFORMANCE OF CROP SPECIES MIXTURES AND PURE STANDS

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and engineering 2021年第3期8卷 481-489页

作者： Wopke VAN DER WERF Lizhen ZHANG Chunjie LI Ping CHEN Chen FENG Zhan XU Chaochun ZHANG Chunfeng GU Lammert BASTIAANS David MAKOWSKI TjeerdJan STOMPH Wageningen University Centre for Crop Systems Analysis6700 AK Wageningenthe Netherlands College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences National Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China College of Agronomy/Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of ChinaChengdu 611130China Tillage and Cultivation Research Institute Liaoning Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenyang 110161China INRAe AgroParisTechUniversitéParis-SaclayUnit Applied Mathematics and Computer Science(UMR MIA 518)16 rue Claude Bernard F-75231 ParisFrance

Intercropping is the planned cultivation of species mixtures on agricultural *** has many attributes that make it attractive for developing a more sustainable agriculture,such as high yield,high resource use efficiency,lower input requirements,natural suppression of pests,pathogens and weeds,and building a soil with more organic carbon and *** is needed which species combinations perform best under different circumstances and which management is suitable to bring out the best from intercropping in a given production *** literature is replete with case studies on intercropping from across the globe,but evidence synthesis is needed to make this information ***-analysis requires a careful choice of metric that is appropriate for answering the question at hand,and which lends itself for a robust *** paper reviews some metrics that may be used in the quantitative synthesis of literature data on intercropping.

关键词： intercropping species mixtures metaanalysis metrics indicators

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Resistive memory-based zero-shot liquid state machine for multimodal event data learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Lin, Ning Wang, Shaocong Li, Yi Wang, Bo Shi, Shuhui He, Yangu Zhang, Woyu Yu, Yifei Zhang, Yue Zhang, Xinyuan Wong, Kwunhang Wang, Songqi Chen, Xiaoming Jiang, Hao Zhang, Xumeng Lin, Peng Xu, Xiaoxin Qi, Xiaojuan Wang, Zhongrui Shang, Dashan Liu, Qi Liu, Ming Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering the University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Key Lab of Fabrication Technologies for Integrated Circuits and Key Laoratory of Microelectronic Devices and Integrated Technology Institute of Microelectronics the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100029 China The School of Microelectronics Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China ACCESS – AI Chip Center for Emerging Smart Systems InnoHK Centers Hong Kong Science Park Hong Kong University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Frontier Institute of Chip and System Fudan University Shanghai200433 China College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China

The human brain is a complex spiking neural network (SNN), capable of learning multimodal signals in a zero-shot manner by generalizing existing knowledge. Remarkably, it maintains minimal power consumption through event-based signal propagation. However, replicating the human brain in neuromorphic hardware presents both hardware and software challenges. Hardware limitations, such as the slowdown of Moore’s law and Von Neumann bottleneck, hinder the efficiency of digital computers. Additionally, SNNs are characterized by their software training complexities. To this end, we propose a hardware-software co-design on a 40 nm 256 Kb in-memory computing macro that physically integrates a fixed and random liquid state machine (LSM) SNN encoder with trainable artificial neural network (ANN) projections. We showcase the zero-shot LSM-based learning of multimodal events on the N-MNIST and N-TIDIGITS datasets, including visual and audio data association, as well as neural and visual data alignment for brain-machine interfaces. Our co-design achieves classification accuracy comparable to fully optimized software models, resulting in a 152.83 and 393.07-fold reduction in training costs compared to SOTA contrastive language-image pre-training (CLIP) and Prototypical networks, and a 23.34 and 160-fold improvement in energy efficiency compared to cutting-edge digital hardware, respectively. These proof-of-principle prototypes demonstrate zero-shot multimodal events learning capability for emerging efficient and compact neuromorphic hardware. © 2023, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Image enhancement

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SYNAPSE: An international roadmap to large brain imaging

引用

Physics Reports 2023年第1期999卷 1-60页

作者： Stampfl, Anton P.J. Liu, Zhongdong Hu, Jun Sawada, Kei Takano, H. Kohmura, Yoshiki Ishikawa, Tetsuya Lim, Jae-Hong Je, Jung-Ho Low, Chian-Ming Teo, Alvin Tok, Eng Soon Tan, Tin Wee Ban, Kenneth Libedinsky, Camilo Tan, Francis Chee Kuan Chen, Kuan-Peng Yang, An-Cheng Chuang, Chao-Chun Chen, Nan-Yow Shih, Chi-Tin Lee, Ting-Kuo Yang, De-Nian Lai, Hsu-Chao Shuai, Hong-Han Cheng, Chang-Chieh Ching, Yu-Tai Li, Chia-Wei Charng, Ching-Che Lo, Chung-Chuan Chiang, Ann-Shyn Recur, Benoit Petibois, Cyril Cheng, Chia-Liang Chen, Hsiang-Hsin Yang, Shun-Min Hwu, Yeukuang Rojviriya, Catleya Rugmai, Supagorn Rujirawat, Saroj Margaritondo, Giorgio Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization Lucas Heights 2234 NSW Australia Henan university of Technology Zhengzhou China Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Science Shanghai China RIKEN SPring-8 Center Hyogo 679-5148 Japan Pohang Accelerator Laboratory Pohang University of Science and Technology Pohang Gyeongbuk 37673 South Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology Gyeongbuk Pohang 37673 South Korea Department of Pharmacology Department of Anaesthesia and Healthy Longevity Research Programme Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore School of Chemical and Life Sciences Nanyang Polytechnic Singapore eMaGIC-Lab Department of Physics National University of Singapore Singapore National Supercomputing Center Singapore Department of Psychology The N1 Institute for Health National University of Singapore Singapore Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology A*STAR Singapore Department of Anaesthesia National University Hospital National University Health System Singapore National Center for High-Performance Computing Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Physics Tunghai University Taichung Taiwan Department of Physics National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Institute of Information Science Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan Department of Computer Science National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Information Technology Service Center National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Life Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Institute of Systems Neuroscience and Brain Research Center National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Institute of Physics Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan Department of Physics National Dong Hwa University

Since 2020, synchrotron radiation facilities in several Asia-Pacific countries have been collaborating in a major project called “SYNAPSE” (Synchrotrons for Neuroscience: an Asia-Pacific Scientific Enterprise). They use x-ray imaging to attack in a coordinated fashion one of the major issues in modern science: the structure of animal and human brains, including neurons and connections. The objective is to develop Google-like maps also including detailed structural and functional information for selected regions of interest. The sheer mass of data needed for the objective poses huge problems for the acquisition, processing, storage and use of images. In order to complete the task within a reasonable time, the key element of the SYNAPSE strategy is the parallel and coordinated work of several facilities on the same specimens. This article reviews different aspects of the enterprise, including the foundations of synchrotron radiation, coherence and of its role in advanced imaging, electron accelerators, x-ray optics and detectors. This will provide the foundation for an extensive presentation of the different components of SYNAPSE, with an overview of results already obtained within the consortium. © 2022

关键词： Brain mapping Phase contrast Radiology Supercomputing Synchrotron X-rays

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The Bankable Economic Potential of Utility-Scale Solar Pv: A Novel Gis-Based Framework with Application to Indonesia

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2023年

作者： Langer, Jannis Ashqar, Ziad Zhou, Yilong Isabella, Olindo Praktiknjo, Aaron Quist, Jaco Kwee, Zenlin Blok, Kornelis Delft University of Technology Faculty of Technology Policy and Management Department of Engineering Systems and Services Jaffalaan 5 Delft2628 BX Netherlands Delft University of Technology Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science Department of Electrical Sustainable Energy Photovoltaic Materials and Devices group Mekelweg 4 Delft2628 CD Netherlands RWTH Aachen University Energy System Economics Institute for Future Energy Consumer Needs and Behavior E.ON Energy Research Center Mathieustraße 10 Aachen52074 Germany Delft University of Technology Faculty of Technology Policy and Management Department of Values Technology and Innovation Jaffalaan 5 Delft2628 BX Netherlands

Geospatial analysis is useful to calculate and map solar photovoltaic’s (PV) economic potential. However, recent studies do not address PV’s bankable potential for practical implementation and show limitations in (1) potential and input reporting, (2) studied metrics, (3) uncertainty analysis, and (4) policy analysis. To tackle these limitations, we propose a novel framework for utility-scale PV’s bankable potential, which combines geospatial analysis and project finance. The framework involves 20 years of hourly solar electricity production, a debt sizing and cash flow analysis model, and Monte Carlo simulation. We report a conservative technical potential of 9.3 TWpeak and 12.1 PWh/year in Indonesia. Considering expected 2030 demand, PV’s bankable potential is up to 40.8 TWh/year mostly situated in East Indonesia where population and demand are low. PV’s bankability is currently limited by strict loan maturities and low electricity tariffs, and could be improved to up to 232 TWh/year (52% of 2030 demand) via a feed-in tariff of 11.5 US¢(2021)/kWh and a temporary lift of local content for solar panels. Despite their effectiveness, policymakers should be aware of possible side effects of PV policies, e.g. for local coal-based industries and rural communities with limited electricity access. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Economic analysis

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Anisotropic tensile properties and high-cycle fatigue behavior of Ti6Al4V fabricated by single and dual laser-powder bed fusion

引用

Materials Science and engineering: A 2025年 941卷

作者： Guotai Li Peichen Hu Yuzhan Fan Ming Wu Mingjun Chen Tianyu Yu State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin Heilongjiang 150001 China Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing Ministry of Education Harbin Heilongjiang 150001 China Department of Computer Science KU Leuven 3001 Leuven Belgium Department of Mechanical Engineering KU Leuven 3001 Leuven Belgium

The development of multi laser-powder bed fusion (PBF) technology has significantly reduced the production time for large engine components. However, the impact of thermal effects and microstructural characteristics in the laser beam overlap region on the anisotropic mechanical behavior of metallic materials remains unclear. This study investigated the anisotropic tensile properties and high-cycle fatigue behavior of Ti6Al4V produced by both single laser-PBF (SL-PBF) and dual laser-PBF (DL-PBF). As-built DL-PBF samples exhibited high strength (1404 MPa) but low ductility (3.6 %). After heat treatment, the samples achieved a strength-ductility balance, with an ultimate tensile strength of 1089 MPa, and an elongation of 17.1 %. The mechanical properties of Ti6Al4V produced by DL-PBF were influenced by the α lath thickness, dislocation density and texture. The precipitation of small-angle grain boundaries during DL-PBF process was found to contribute to the strong anisotropy. Due to the influence of internal pore forming, the fatigue strength of the DL-PBF samples was lower than that of the SL-PBF samples. Pores in the dual-laser beam overlap region accelerated the fatigue crack propagation, resulting in a venation-like pattern. In contrast, cracks in the SL-PBF samples propagated in a circular pattern around internal pore. A high-speed camera was employed to capture the dual-laser beams dynamics during pore formation. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the mechanical properties and pore formation mechanisms in the DL-PBF process.

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Linear Programming and Community Detection

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2020年

作者： Del Pia, Alberto Khajavirad, Aida Kunisky, Dmitriy Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Wisconsin Institute for Discovery University of Wisconsin-Madison United States Department of Industrial and System Engineering Lehigh University United States Department of Computer Science Yale University United States

The problem of community detection with two equal-sized communities is closely related to the minimum graph bisection problem over certain random graph models. In the stochastic block model distribution over networks with community structure, a well-known semidefinite programming (SDP) relaxation of the minimum bisection problem recovers the underlying communities whenever possible. Motivated by their superior scalability, we study the theoretical performance of linear programming (LP) relaxations of the minimum bisection problem for the same random models. We show that, unlike the SDP relaxation that undergoes a phase transition in the logarithmic average degree regime, the LP relaxation fails in recovering the planted bisection with high probability in this regime. We show that the LP relaxation instead exhibits a transition from recovery to non-recovery in the linear average degree regime. Finally, we present non-recovery conditions for graphs with average degree strictly between linear and logarithmic. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Linear programming

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Proximity perception in human-centered robotics: A survey on sensing systems and applications

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Navarro, Stefan Escaida Mühlbacher-Karrer, Stephan Alagi, Hosam Zangl, Hubert Koyama, Keisuke Hein, Björn Duriez, Christian Smith, Joshua R. Inria Lille-Nord Europe France JOANNEUM RESEARCH ROBOTICS Institute for Robotics and Mechatronics Klagenfurt Austria Karlsruhe Germany Karlsruhe Institute of Technology IAR - IPR Karlsruhe Germany University of Applied Sciences Karlsruhe Germany Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt Institute of Smart System Technologies Sensors and Actuators Klagenfurt Austria Osaka University Department of Systems Innovation Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka Japan University of Washington Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering Seattle United States

—Proximity perception is a technology that has the potential to play an essential role in the future of robotics. It can fulfill the promise of safe, robust, and autonomous systems in industry and everyday life, alongside humans, as well as in remote locations in space and underwater. In this survey paper, we cover the developments of this field from the early days up to the present, with a focus on human-centered robotics. Here, proximity sensors are typically deployed in two scenarios: first, on the exterior of manipulator arms to support safety and interaction functionality, and second, on the inside of grippers or hands to support grasping and exploration. Starting from this observation, we propose a categorization for the approaches found in the literature. To provide a basis for understanding these approaches, we devote effort to present the technologies and different measuring principles that were developed over the years, also providing a summary in form of a table. Then, we show the diversity of applications that have been presented in the literature. Finally, we give an overview of the most important trends that will shape the future of this domain. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Surveys

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A 2.0-2.9 GHz Digital Ring-Based Injection-Locked Clock Multiplier Using a Self-Alignment Frequency Tracking Loop for Reference Spur Reduction

A 2.0-2.9 GHz Digital Ring-Based Injection-Locked Clock Mult...

引用

IEEE Symposium on Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits (RFIC)

作者： Rongjin Xu Dawei Ye Liangjian Lyu C.-J. Richard Shi State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System Fudan University China Institute of Brain-inspired Circuits and Systems (iBiCAS) Fudan University China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Washington Seattle USA

ISBN: (数字)9781728168098

ISBN: (纸本)9781728168104

This paper presents a 2.0-2.9 GHz digital ring-based injection-locked clock multiplier (ILCM) in a 65 nm CMOS process. A self-alignment frequency tracking loop (SA-FTL) with background delay calibration is proposed to improve the accuracy of injection timing. Since the frequency mismatch of the free-running oscillator and the target frequency is minimized without delay error, the reference spur is reduced to -55.6 dBc, exhibiting 15.9 dB improvement comparing to the case that the SA-FTL is off. The proposed ILCM achieves 545 fs RMS jitter at 2.5 GHz output frequency with a power consumption of 3.1 mW, achieving the FoM of 240.3 dB.

关键词： Delays Clocks Oscillators Jitter Calibration Tracking loops

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Abnormal Data Cleaning for Wind Turbines by Image Segmentation Based on Active Shape Model and Class Uncertainty

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2022年

作者： Liang, Guoyuan Su, Yahao Wu, Xinyu Ma, Jiajun Long, Huan Song, Zhe Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Robotics and Intelligent System Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangdong Province Shenzhen China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Vision and Virtual Reality Technology Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangdong Province Shenzhen China Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangdong Province Shenzhen China School of Electrical Engineering Southeast University Jiang Su Province Nanjing China School of Business Nanjing University Jiang Su Province Nanjing China

Wind power curve describes the relationship between wind speed and output power of wind turbine, which may be contaminated due to various unexpected factors. Following the idea of image segmentation in our previous work, in this paper, we propose a novel image-based abnormal data cleaning algorithm aiming to provide high quality data for wind power curve modeling and relevant applications. For image binarization, a multiscale space is built to determine the optimal scale at which the most stable as well as informative shape representations are extracted. The Active Shape Model is utilized to model the power curve shape and generate a set of segmentation candidates for filtering abnormal data. To measure the cost of each candidate, the Class Uncertainty map based on dual feature images is built. And eventually the optimal segmentation boundary is determined by the optimization in the energy space. A series of comparative experiments conducted over the real-world datasets of 37 wind turbines have validated the superior performance of the proposed algorithm. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Wind power

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On the mechanism and control for the ultra-low frequency oscillation in NY Power Grid with large-scale hydropower

引用

Control Theory and Technology 2019年第3期17卷 241-251页

作者： Ancheng XUE Jiawei WANG Chao ZHENG Joe H.CHOW Tianshu BI State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Source (North China Electric Power University) Changping District Beijing 102206 China China Electric Power Research Institute Haidian District Beijing 100192 China Department of Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy 12180 New York State U.S.A.

The power grid with large proportion of hydropower may engage the ultra-low frequency oscillation (ULFO),which threatening the operation of *** the NY Power Grid system,whose dimension is over thousands,this paper reveals the cause of ULFO with the phase portrait method,i.e.,lies in the saturation of the different limits of the governor system of the generators,in other words,the occurrence of limit cycle is due to the non-smooth *** furthermore,it proposes two methods to suppress ULFO with the philosophy of destroying the condition of non-smooth *** detail,first,the phenomenon of ULFO in NY Power Grid,the damping characteristics and the limits in the governor system of the hydropower units are ***,based on the non-smooth bifurcation theory,the mathematical basis of the oscillation in the non-smooth system caused by the saturation of limits is *** then,the non-oscillation and oscillation dynamic of the system corresponding to without/with limits in the governor system are ***,it discusses the influence of the saturation of single limit on the characteristics of ULFO with the phase ***,the phase portraits of the ULFO under different faults is analyzed,and it shows that the limiting saturation occurs with a large enough ***,the ULFO is resulting from the negative damping of generation and the saturation of multiple limits under a large enough *** addition,according to the above mechanism,two strategies to suppress the ULFO,i.e.,the governor parameters tuning and the fault strength relief are *** simulation shows the effectiveness of proposed strategies.

关键词： Ultra -low frequency oscillatio n gover nor system limit no rnsmooth bifurcation limit cycle

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