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Decentralized MIMO systems With Imperfect CSI Using LMMSE Receivers

IEEE Journal on Selected Topics in Signal Processing 2025年第2期19卷 331-348页

作者： Zhuang, Zeyan Zhang, Xin Xu, Dongfang Song, Shenghui Eldar, Yonina C. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong Hong Kong The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Division of Integrative Systems and Design Hong Kong Hong Kong The Weizmann Institute of Science Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Rehovot7610001 Israel

Centralized baseband processing (CBP) is required to achieve the full potential of massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. However, due to the large number of antennas, CBP suffers from two major issues: 1) Extensive data interconnection between radio frequency (RF) circuitry and the central processing unit;and 2) high-dimensional computation. To this end, decentralized baseband processing (DBP) has been proposed, where the antennas at the base station are partitioned into clusters connected to separate RF circuits and equipped with separate computing units. However, the optimal fusion scheme that maximizes signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR) and the related performance analysis for DBP with general spatial correlation and imperfect channel state information (CSI) have not been studied. In this paper, we consider a decentralized MIMO system where all clusters adopt linear minimum mean-square error (LMMSE) receivers. We first establish an optimal linear fusion scheme that has high computational and data input/output costs. To reduce the cost, we then propose two suboptimal fusion schemes with reduced complexity. For all three schemes, we study the SINR performance by leveraging random matrix theory and demonstrate conditions under which the suboptimal schemes are optimal. Furthermore, we determine the optimal regularization parameter for the LMMSE receiver, identify the best antenna partitioning strategy, and prove that the SINR will decrease as the number of clusters increases. Numerical simulations validate the accuracy of the theoretical results. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Mean square error

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Surface Functionalized Plasmonic Sensors for Uric Acid Detection With Gold-Graphene Stacked Nanocomposites

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Photonic Sensors 2025年第1期15卷 122-137页

作者： Olabisi Abdullahi ONIFADE Dinie Dayana MOHAMAD AZRI Muhammad Hafiz ABU BAKAR Mohammed Thamer ALRESHEEDI Eng Khoon NG Mohd Adzir MAHDI Ahmad Shukri MUHAMMAD NOOR Department of Computer and Communication Systems Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang 43400Malaysia Wireless and Photonics Research Centre of Excellence Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang43400Malaysia Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11421Kingdom of SaudiArabia Department of Engineering University of CambridgeCambridge CB30FAThe United Kingdom Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology(ION2) Universiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang 43400Malaysia

This study presented a surface-functionalized sensor probe using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane(APTES)self-assembled monolayers on a Kretschmann-configured plasmonic *** probe featured stacked nanocomposites of gold(via sputtering)and graphene quantum dots(GQD,via spin-coating)for highly sensitive and accurate uric acid(UA)detection within the physiological *** encompassed the field emission scanning electron microscopy for detailed imaging,energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy for elemental analysis,and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for molecular *** functionalization increased sensor sensitivity by 60.64%,achieving 0.0221°/(mg/dL)for the gold-GQD probe and 0.0355°/(mg/dL)for the gold-APTES-GQD probe,with linear correlation coefficients of 0.8249 and 0.8509,*** highest sensitivity was 0.0706°/(mg/dL),with a linear correlation coefficient of 0.993 and a low limit of detection of 0.2 mg/***,binding affinity increased dramatically,with the Langmuir constants of 14.29μM^(-1)for the gold-GQD probe and 0.0001μM^(-1)for the gold-APTES-GQD probe,representing a 142900-fold *** probe demonstrated notable reproducibility and repeatability with relative standard deviations of 0.166%and 0.013%,respectively,and exceptional temporal stability of 99.66%.These findings represented a transformative leap in plasmonic UA sensors,characterized by enhanced precision,reliability,sensitivity,and increased surface binding capacity,synergistically fostering unprecedented practicality.

关键词： Plasmon nanocomposite gold-graphene quantum dot uric acid,functionalize sensor

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A Customizable Virtual Assistant Enhanced with Vision and Speech Capabilities 12th

A Customizable Virtual Assistant Enhanced with Vision and Sp...

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12th International Conference on Recent Trends in Computing, ICRTC 2024

作者： Christy Jeba Malar, A. Deva Priya, M. Naveen Kumaran, R. Sanjay Abhishek, J. Bhuvana, S. Karthick, S. Department of Information Technology Sri Krishna College of Technology Tamilnadu Coimbatore India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Karpagam College of Engineering Tamilnadu Coimbatore India School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore India Department of Computer Science and Engineering SRM Institute of Science and Technology Uttar Pradesh Delhi–NCR Campus Ghaziabad India

ISBN: (纸本)9789819788354

Recent advancements in Smart Assistants (SAs) as well as home automation have captured the attention of both researchers and consumers. Virtual Assistants (VAs) that are speech-enabled are commonly referred to as smart speakers. They offer a wide range of network-based services. In some cases, they seamlessly link to smart environments, introducing innovative and efficient user interfaces. Nevertheless, these devices present their own set of challenges and limitations. The distinctive features of this technology, particularly its hand-free operation handled by voice and implementation of voice-user interface create a unique landscape. Existing technology adoption models, however, fall short in offering a comprehensive explanation for the adoption of this innovative technology. To gain deeper insights into the motivation behind approving and using in-home voice assistants, this work shifts its focus towards examining voice interactions. Utilization of speech recognition for converting speech into text enables constructing an attractive personalized assistant. This development facilitates seamless tasks such as sending emails without manual typing, conducting Google searches without opening the browser, and accomplishing various daily activities including playing music or launching a preferred IDE, all with a single voice command. To assess its performance, the system is seamlessly integrated with home automation (open-source) environment and operated continuously for some days. During this period, users are encouraged to interact with it, and the results demonstrate increased accuracy, reliability and appeal. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Speech recognition

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Scalable and Low-Cost Remote Lab Platforms: Teaching Industrial Robotics Using Open-Source Tools and Understanding Its Social Implications 16th

Scalable and Low-Cost Remote Lab Platforms: Teaching Indust...

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16th International Conference on Social Robotics, ICSR + AI 2024

作者： Kumar, Amit Jose, Jaison Jain, Archit Kulkarni, Siddharth Arya, Kavi Centre for Systems and Control Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai India Embedded Real-Time Systems / e-Yantra Lab Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai India Computer Science and Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai India

ISBN: (纸本)9789819635214

With recent advancements in industrial robots, educating students in new technologies and preparing them for the future is imperative. However, access to industrial robots for teaching poses challenges, such as the high cost of acquiring these robots, the safety of the operator and the robot, and complicated training material. This paper proposes two low-cost platforms built using open-source tools like Robot Operating System (ROS) and its latest version ROS 2 to help students learn and test algorithms on remotely connected industrial robots. Universal Robotics (UR5) arm and a custom mobile rover were deployed in different life-size testbeds, a greenhouse, and a warehouse to create an Autonomous Agricultural Harvester System (AAHS) and an Autonomous Warehouse Management System (AWMS). These platforms were deployed for a period of 7 months and were tested for their efficacy with 1,433 and 1,312 students, respectively. The hardware used in AAHS and AWMS was controlled remotely for 160 and 355 hours, respectively, by students over a period of 3 months. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Costs

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Deepfake Detection using XAI based Deep Fusion Models 2

Deepfake Detection using XAI based Deep Fusion Models

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2nd International Conference on Computational Intelligence, Communication Technology and Networking, CICTN 2025

作者： Anitha, A. Saju, Lis Maria Kamaraj, Balakrishnan School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems Vellore Institute of Technology Tamil Nadu Vellore India Madurai Medical College Tamilnadu Madurai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331530389

Deepfake technology has rapidly evolved, posing a serious threat to the authenticity of digital media and contributing to the spread of misinformation. The manipulation of media content raises significant concerns across sectors like politics, entertainment, and social media, undermining public trust in digital information. In response, this research proposes an advanced deepfake detection model that integrates Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) techniques within a hybrid deep learning architecture. The proposed model combines ResNet50 and Vision Transformer (ViT) to capture spatial and contextual features effectively. While exploring additional methods such as facial landmark detection and frequency domain analysis, the final model focuses on the ResNet50-ViT combination for its superior performance to fusion model. To ensure transparency, the model employs XAI techniques such as LIME (Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations) and SHAP (SHapley Additive explanations), offering interpretability by revealing the key factors that influence its predictions. This dual focus on high detection accuracy and interpretability ensures that the model not only detects deepfakes effectively but also builds trust in automated decision-making processes. By leveraging cutting-edge deep learning and XAI methods, this framework offers a more reliable, transparent, and adaptable solution for preserving digital media authenticity across various applications, ultimately contributing to combating misinformation and fostering trust in digital content. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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Research on Biomedical engineering 2025年第2期41卷 1-19页

作者： A, Padmashree Sankar, P. Alkhayyat, Ahmad Muniyandy, Elangovan Department of Computer Science and Business Systems Bannari Amman Institute of Technology Tamil Nadu Sathyamangalam India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Saveetha Engineering College Tamil Nadu Chennai India Department of Computers Techniques Engineering College of Technical Engineering The Islamic University Najaf Iraq Department of Computers Techniques Engineering College of Technical Engineering The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah Al Diwaniyah Iraq Department of Biosciences Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Tamil Nadu Chennai India Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private University Amman Jordan

Purpose: The primary objective of this research is to develop a comprehensive framework for the analysis of brain tumor images, addressing the complexities of detection, segmentation, and classification. Given the intricate nature of brain anatomy and tumor variability, the study aims to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of brain tumor diagnosis using advanced imaging and processing techniques. Methods: The framework utilizes Brain Tumor Segmentation (BraTS) 2019 and 2020 datasets, applying an AMW-PM filter to enhance image quality. Tumor segmentation employs a slimmable transformer with hybrid axial attention for precision. Classification uses similarity navigated graph neural networks (SNGNNs), optimized with the crayfish algorithm (CFO) to minimize loss and enhance performance. Results: The framework’s effectiveness was validated using key performance metrics, showing significant improvements in tumor detection and classification. The combination of advanced segmentation techniques and the SNGNN classifier, optimized by the CFO, led to a fivefold increase in diagnostic accuracy. These improvements demonstrated a substantial enhancement in the model's ability to correctly identify tumor types and provide reliable outputs for clinical use. Conclusion: The proposed framework delivers a robust solution for brain tumor analysis, integrating cutting-edge techniques for image processing, segmentation, and classification. The results not only highlight improvements in diagnostic accuracy but also contribute to better clinical decision-making in managing brain tumors. This framework sets the foundation for future advancements in brain tumor diagnostics. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Brazilian Society of Biomedical engineering 2025.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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Post-operative Smart Healthcare Kit

Post-operative Smart Healthcare Kit

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International Conference on Smart systems and Wireless Communication, SSWC 2024

作者： Kanchana Devi, V. Umamaheswari, E. Gao, Xiao-Ghi Rathinavel, Nirupama School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai India Centre for Cyber Physical Systems Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai India University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland

ISBN: (纸本)9789819613472

The Internet of Things is becoming an increasingly important tool for the healthcare sector. It is utilized in common healthcare settings, such as smart watches and oxygen monitors, as well as in hospitals for anything from routine checks to critical care units. One of the most crucial hospital departments is post-operative care, where patients are monitored to make sure they are getting better. Here, a constant watch is kept on the patient’s vital signs and the associated organs to detect any anomalies that might develop following the treatment. Utilizing IoT in post-operative treatment will guarantee patient contentment. This is ensured by the Post-Operative Smart Healthcare Kit (POSHK), presented in this paper, furnished with several sensors, including heartbeat, oxygen and carbon dioxide sensors, blood pressure, room, and patient temperature sensors, and more. During discharge, data is gathered and analyzed to look at possible future recovery trends. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Electrotherapeutics

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Fruit Ripeness Detection using RipeNet 3

Fruit Ripeness Detection using RipeNet

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3rd International Conference on Electronics and Renewable systems, ICEARS 2025

作者： Bhavana, Kapa Sumathi, R. Vanaja, Kandregula Manjula, S. Srinivasulu, T. Divya, Siripuri Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education Department of Computer Science and Engineering India Nehru Institute of Engineering and Technology Department of Computer Science and Business Systems Tamilnadu Coimbatore India Department of Information Technology Andhra Pradesh Surampalem India Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Department of Computer Science and Engineering Telangana Hyderabad India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331509675

Fruits are absolutely delicious for the most part, but more importantly, they are good for healthy life. Fruits are nature's candy and offer all sorts of health benefits besides the great taste. They provide necessary nutrients to the body so that it will not be susceptible to disease or other ailments. Fruits contain enough fiber to keep our digestive system in top health form. Fruits also helps to regulate the water level in body as well as your blood sugar levels, which means that will usually feel hungry less often if we consumes a lot of fruits. The easier it is for people to recognize that a fruit is ripe and ready for selling at the market allows the farmers, in some cases, to sell their crop early before it would normally spoil. If we look closely, we see that many times people don't buy something because it appears rotten or way past its peak ripeness, which demonstrates how products spoil right on time. This study proposed a user-convenient system for fruit ripeness detection using the convolutional neural network (CNN) based on RipeNet structure. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Fruits

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Achilles: Efficient TEE-Assisted BFT Consensus via Rollback Resilient Recovery 25

Achilles: Efficient TEE-Assisted BFT Consensus via Rollback ...

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20th European Conference on computer systems, EuroSys 2025, co-located 30th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating systems, ASPLOS 2025

作者： Niu, Jianyu Wen, Xiaoqing Wu, Guanlong Liu, Shenqi Yu, Jianshan Zhang, Yinqian SUSTech China University of British Columbia Canada University of Sydney Australia Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems Department of Computer Science and Engineering SUSTech China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400711961

BFT consensus that uses Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) to improve the system tolerance and performance is gaining popularity. However, existing works suffer from TEE rollback issues, resulting in a tolerance-performance tradeoff. In this paper, we propose Achilles, an efficient TEE-assisted BFT protocol that breaks the tradeoff. The key idea behind Achilles is removing the expensive rollback prevention of TEEs from the critical path of committing transactions. To this end, Achilles adopts a rollback resilient recovery mechanism, which allows nodes to assist each other in recovering their states. Besides, Achilles follows the chaining spirit in modern chained BFT protocols and leverages customized chained commit rules to achieve linear message complexity, end-to-end transaction latency of four communication steps, and fault tolerance for the minority of Byzantine nodes. Achilles is the first TEE-assisted BFT protocol in line with CFT protocols in these metrics. We implement a prototype of Achilles based on Intel SGX and evaluate it in both LAN and WAN, showcasing its outperforming performance compared to several state-of-the-art counterparts. © 2025 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Network protocols

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Prognostic Survival Analysis for AD Diagnosis and Progression Using MRI Data: An AI-Based Approach

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 89059-89078页

作者： Deenadayalan, T. Shantharajah, S.P. Vellore Institute of Technology School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems Vellore India

Alzheimer’s Disease is a progressive neuro-degenerative disorder and a leading cause of dementia, marked by cognitive decline, memory loss, and behavioral changes. Despite advancements in medical imaging and Artificial Intelligence (AI), early detection and accurate prognostic modeling remain challenging, particularly in distinguishing overlapping disease stages. This study proposes a novel AI framework combining EfficientNetB0, a state-of-the-art deep learning model, with dual attention mechanisms for robust feature extraction and survival analysis using the Alzheimer’s MRI dataset hosted on the Kaggle platform. The model was trained and evaluated on a balanced dataset of 6,400 MRI images, classified into 4 AD stages: Non-Demented (NoD), very Mild-Demented (vMiD), Mild-Demented (MiD), and Moderate-Demented (MoD). The pre-processing steps, including resizing, normalization, and data augmentation, ensured robustness and generalizability. The framework achieved classification accuracies of 99. 93% (training), 93. 60% (validation) and 93. 59% (testing), with a perfect Concordance Index of 1.0 for survival predictions, demonstrating its ability to accurately rank survival times. By integrating survival analysis with deep learning, the framework addresses limitations in previous work, such as reliance on linear assumptions and limited classification capabilities, and provides actionable insights for clinical workflows, supporting personalized treatment and early intervention strategies. Future work will focus on integrating longitudinal data, exploring time-dependent co-variates, and enhancing explainability to promote adoption in diverse clinical settings. This approach represents a significant advancement in AI-driven diagnosis and progression modeling of AD, with the potential to transform patient care and outcomes. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Deep learning

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