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Sparse Crowd Flow Analysis of Tawaaf of Kaaba During the COVID-19 Pandemic

computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第6期71卷 5581-5601页

作者： Durr-e-Nayab Ali Mustafa Qamar Rehan Ullah Khan Waleed Albattah Khalil Khan Shabana Habib Muhammad Islam Department of Computer Systems Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyPeshawarPakistan Department of Computer Science College of ComputerQassim UniversityBuraydahSaudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of ComputerQassim UniversityBuraydahSaudi Arabia Department of Information Technology and Computer Science Pak-Austria FachhochschuleInstitute of Applied Sciences and TechnologyHaripurPakistan Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering and Information TechnologyOnaizah CollegesAl-QassimSaudi Arabia

The advent of the COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected the entire world and has put forth high demand for techniques that remotely manage crowd-related *** surveillance and crowd management using video analysis techniques have significantly impacted today’s research,and numerous applications have been developed in this *** research proposed an anomaly detection technique applied to Umrah videos in Kaaba during the COVID-19 pandemic through sparse crowd *** theKaaba rituals is crucial since the crowd gathers from around the world and requires proper analysis during these days of the *** Umrah videos are analyzed,and a system is devised that can track and monitor the crowd flow in *** crowd in these videos is sparse due to the pandemic,and we have developed a technique to track the maximum crowd flow and detect any object(person)moving in the direction unlikely of the major *** have detected abnormal movement by creating the histograms for the vertical and horizontal flows and applying thresholds to identify the non-majority *** algorithm aims to analyze the crowd through video surveillance and timely detect any abnormal activity tomaintain a smooth crowd flowinKaaba during the pandemic.

关键词： computer vision COVID sparse crowd crowd analysis flow analysis sparse crowd management tawaaf video analysis video processing

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Approaching Test Time Augmentation in the Context of Uncertainty Calibration for Deep Neural Networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Conde, Pedro Barros, Tiago Lopes, Rui L. Premebida, Cristiano Nunes, Urbano J. The Institute of Systems and Robotics Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Coimbra Portugal Critical Software South Africa

With the rise of Deep Neural Networks, machine learning systems are nowadays ubiquitous in a number of real-world applications, which bears the need for highly reliable models. This requires a thorough look not only at the accuracy of such systems, but also at their predictive uncertainty. Hence, we propose a novel technique (with two different variations, named M-ATTA and V-ATTA) based on test time augmentation, to improve the uncertainty calibration of deep models for image classification. By leveraging an adaptive weighting system, M/V-ATTA improves uncertainty calibration without affecting the model’s accuracy. The performance of these techniques is evaluated by considering diverse metrics related to uncertainty calibration, demonstrating their robustness. Empirical results, obtained on CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, Aerial Image Dataset, as well as in two different scenarios under distribution-shift, indicate that the proposed methods outperform several state-of-the-art post-hoc calibration techniques. Furthermore, the methods proposed also show improvements in terms of predictive entropy on out-of-distribution samples. Code for M/V-ATTA available at: https://***/pedrormconde/MV-ATTA Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Calibration

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Probabilistic Tube-based Control Synthesis of Stochastic Multi-Agent systems under Signal Temporal Logic 63

Probabilistic Tube-based Control Synthesis of Stochastic Mul...

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63rd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, CDC 2024

作者： Vlahakis, Eleftherios E. Lindemann, Lars Sopasakis, Pantelis Dimarogonas, Dimos V. Kth Royal Institute of Technology Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Stockholm10044 Sweden University of Southern California Viterbi School of Engineering Department of Computer Science Los AngelesCA90089 United States Queen's University School of Electronics Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Northern Ireland Belfast United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316339

We consider the control design of stochastic discrete-time linear multi-agent systems (MASs) under a global signal temporal logic (STL) specification to be satisfied at a predefined probability. By decomposing the dynamics into deterministic and error components, we construct a probabilistic reachable tube (PRT) as the Cartesian product of reachable sets of the individual error systems driven by disturbances lying in confidence regions (CRs) with a fixed probability. By bounding the PRT probability with the specification probability, we tighten all state constraints induced by the STL specification by solving tractable optimization problems over segments of the PRT, and relax the underlying stochastic problem with a deterministic one. This approach reduces conservatism compared to tightening guided by the STL structure. Additionally, we propose a recursively feasible algorithm to attack the resulting problem by decomposing it into agent-level subproblems, which are solved iteratively according to a scheduling policy. We demonstrate our method on a ten-agent system, where existing approaches are impractical. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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Experimental observation of coherent-perfect-absorber and laser points in anti-PT symmetry

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Physical Review A 2024年第3期110卷 033504页

作者： Minye Yang Qi Zhong Zhilu Ye Şahin K. Özdemir Mohamed Farhat Ramy El-Ganainy Pai-Yen Chen State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering School of Electronic Science and Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics The Materials Research Institute Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division Department of Physics Henes Center for Quantum Phenomena

The coexistence of coherent perfect absorber and laser or amplifier (CPAL) point is a peculiar spectral singularity associated with the scattering matrices of non-Hermitian systems. While the potential of CPAL systems for sensing application has been highlighted recently, the extreme sensitivity of parity-time (PT)-symmetric CPAL devices to the input signal deviations has so far impeded their practical utilization. Here we explore a strategy for implementing CPAL circuits by exploiting another type of non-Hermitian symmetry, namely anti-PT (APT) symmetry. We demonstrate that the condition for building CPAL in our proposed APT-symmetric electronic circuits additionally requires parity symmetry, which simplifies the circuit design and implementation. Additionally, we show that this newly proposed structure is 1.85 times more robust compared to previous CPAL devices studied in the literature.

关键词： Noise Quantum sensing Non-Hermitian systems PT-symmetry

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Optimal Access Point Centric Clustering for Cell-Free Massive MIMO Using Gaussian Mixture Model Clustering

IEEE Transactions on Machine Learning in Communications and ...

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IEEE Transactions on Machine Learning in Communications and Networking 2024年 2卷 675-687页

作者： Biswas, Pialy Mallik, Ranjan K. Letaief, Khaled B. Technische Universität Dresden Vodafone Chair Mobile Communications Systems Dresden01062 Germany Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Department of Electrical Engineering New Delhi Hauz Khas110016 India The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering New Territories Hong Kong

This paper proposes a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) based access point (AP) clustering technique in cell-free massive MIMO (CFMM) communication systems. The APs are first clustered on the basis of large-scale fading coefficients, and the users are assigned to each cluster depending on the channel gain. As the number of clusters increases, there is a degradation in the overall data rate of the system, causing a trade-off between the cluster number and average rate per user. To address this problem, we present an optimization problem that optimizes both the upper bound on the average downlink rate per user and the number of clusters. The optimal number of clusters is intuitively determined by solving the optimization problem, and then grouping the APs and users. As a result, the computation expense is much lower than the current techniques, since the existing methods require evaluations of the network performance in multiple iterations to find the optimal number of clusters. In addition, we analyze the performance of both balanced and unbalanced clustering. Numerical results will indicate that the unbalanced clustering yields a superior rate per user while maintaining a lower level of complexity compared to the balanced one. Furthermore, we investigate the statistical analysis of the spectral efficiency (SE) per user in the clustered CFMM. The findings reveal that the SE per user can be approximated by the logistic distribution. © 2023 CCBY.

关键词： Fading channels

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Application of Deep Learning Method to Estimate Bottomhole Pressure Dynamics of Oil Wells 32

Application of Deep Learning Method to Estimate Bottomhole P...

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32nd IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, ISIE 2023

作者： Cheng, Haibo Li, Shichao Zeng, Peng Vyatkin, Valeriy State Key Laboratory of Robotics Shenyang Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China Key Laboratory of Networked Control Systems Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China Institutes for Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China Luleå University of Technology Electrical and Space Engineering Department of Computer Science Luleå Sweden Aalto University Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation Helsinki Finland

ISBN: (纸本)9798350399714

Surrogate models, which have become an effective and popular method to close loop reservoir management problems, use a data-driven approach to predict dynamic injection and production wells parameters and optimize waterflooding development. In this study, a deep learning-based surrogate model method is proposed to estimate bottomhole pressure (BHP) of production wells in waterflooding reservoirs. Bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) network, as an efficient deep learning approach, is applied to BHP estimation using fluctuation data. Extended Fourier amplitude sensitivity test (EFAST) method is employed to analyse the influence of different input factors on BHP dynamics, and a reduced dataset is rebuilt to predict BHP parameter based on BiLSTM-EFAST algorithm. The estimation results are tested on a dataset from Volve oilfield in North Sea, and compared with other deep learning methods. The test results indicate that the proposed method can achieve higher prediction accuracy. A reduced dataset-based approach provides a new attempt to reduce model complexity and improve calculation speed for big data-driven surrogate model in oil and gas industry. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Long short-term memory

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Dead-time Compensation Method for Bus-clamping Modulated Voltage Source Inverter

Dead-time Compensation Method for Bus-clamping Modulated Vol...

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2023 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2023

作者： Ghaderloo, Reza Asrar Shen, Yidi Singhabahu, Chanaka Resalayyan, Rakesh Khaligh, Alireza University of Maryland Maryland Power Electronics Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The Institute for Systems Research College ParkMD20742 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316445

Bus-clamping Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) is an effective method to reduce the switching loss in a three-phase voltage source inverter (VSI). In bus-clamping PWM scheme, the phase legs are switched using high frequency PWM signals for two-third of the line cycle, while for the remaining duration of cycle, the pole voltage is clamped to either positive or negative rail of the DC bus. In PWM operation of a half bridge, a dead-time is applied between the gate signals of complementary switches to ensure safe and reliable operation. However, introduction of dead-time leads to poor power quality, increased Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) and variation in actual voltage compared to the intended pole voltage. Moreover, when the bus-clamping technique is used, the PWM has both high frequency switching region and clamped region in a line cycle, and consequently, the undesired effects of dead-time are further aggravated. Therefore, in order to enhance the quality of output voltage, this paper presents a dead-time compensation strategy for a VSI operating with bus-clamping PWM. The proposed method calculates the required compensation term to be added on the modulation signal considering wide range of operating conditions. Additionally, the compensation includes a new strategy for low current conditions near zero-crossing to avoid distortion. The proposed method is verified by simulation and experiments in a three-phase VSI with a switching frequency of 100 kHz and a fundamental frequency of 60Hz. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Bus-clamping Dead-time Pulse-width Modulation Voltage Source Inverter

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Repairing Reed-Solomon Codes over Prime Fields via Exponential Sums

Repairing Reed-Solomon Codes over Prime Fields via Exponenti...

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2023 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory, ISIT 2023

作者： Con, Roni Shutty, Noah Tamo, Itzhak Wootters, Mary Tel Aviv University Blavatnik School of Computer Science Israel Stanford University Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics United States Tel Aviv University Department of Electrical Engineering-Systems Israel Stanford University Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781665475549

This paper presents several repair schemes for lowrate Reed Solomon (RS) codes over prime fields that can repair any node by downloading a constant number of bits from each surviving node. The resulting total bandwidth is higher than the bandwidth incurred during the trivial repair;however, this is still interesting in the context of leakage-resilient secret sharing. In that language, our results give attacks that show that k-out-of-n Shamir's Secret Sharing over prime fields for small k is not leakage resilient, even if the parties only leak a constant number of bits. To the best of our knowledge, these are the first such *** another application, we provide decoding schemes for RS codes over prime fields, where the entire RS codeword is recovered by transmitting a constant number of bits from each *** results follow from a novel connection between exponential sums and repair of RS codes. In particular, we show that nontrivial bounds on certain exponential sums imply the existence of efficient nonlinear repair schemes for RS codes over prime fields. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Reed-Solomon codes

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Live Demonstration: A fully embedded adaptive real-time hand gesture classifier leveraging HD-sEMG and deep learning

Live Demonstration: A fully embedded adaptive real-time hand...

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2023 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and systems Conference, BioCAS 2023

作者： Isabel, Xavier Labbe, Thomas Chamberland, Felix Buteau, Etienne Campbell, Evan Cote-Allard, Ulysse Tam, Simon Fortier, Paul Campeau-Lecours, Alexandre Boukadoum, Mounir Scheme, Erik Gosselin, Benoit Laval University Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering Department Canada University of New-Brunswick Institute of Biomedical Engineering Canada University of Oslo Department off Technology Systems Norway Laval University Mechanical Engineering Department Canada University of Quebec at Montreal Computer Science Department Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350300260

In a fully immersive virtual reality setting, visitors will actively participate in our demonstration, engaging in an interactive videogame utilizing our cutting-edge HD-sEMG Bracelet. Prior to this, they will undergo state-of-the-art training to personalize their machine learning gesture recognition model. The gameplay will be broadcast on a computer monitor, allowing onlookers to observe while the demonstrator explains the core concept of our work. By wearing the bracelet, the player gains control over their limb in a game inspired by Simon Says. Throughout the demonstration, visitors will gain firsthand experience and knowledge about the forthcoming advantages of HD-sEMG for control applications, such as prosthesis control. They will also discover how the EMaGer HD-sEMG Bracelet capitalizes on its uniform and high electrode density to enhance the reliability of hand gesture recognition models utilized in myoelectric prosthesis control. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Armband Control Convolution Deep Learning Edge Computing Electromyography Gesture HD-EMG Machine Learning Myoelectric Neural Network

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Tolerant Tracking Control Protocol for PMSM Based on Policy Iteration Algorithm and Fault Compensation 16th

Tolerant Tracking Control Protocol for PMSM Based on Polic...

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16th International Conference on Social robotics, ICSR + InnoBiz 2024

作者： Yan, Shuya Li, Xiaocong Qian, Huaming Ma, Jun Al Mamun, Abdullah College of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering Harbin Engineering University Harbin150001 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore117583 Singapore Guangzhou China Information Science and Technology Eastern Institute of Technology Ningbo China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819611508

In robotics applications, ensuring reliable performance in the presence of actuator faults is essential for maintaining system safety and reliability. This paper presents a tolerant tracking control method for permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) based on adaptive dynamic programming and fault compensation. The method simultaneously considers tracking accuracy and energy consumption through a policy iteration algorithm. In the optimality analysis of the algorithm, more relaxed conditions are provided to demonstrate that the performance function can converge to a near-optimal value within a finite number of iterations. In practical implementation, an actor-critic network is used to approximate the performance function and control protocol, alongside a fault detection mechanism based on an expanded time horizon, which achieves fault detection from arbitrary initial values. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified using a high-fidelity PMSM model in Simulink. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Permanent magnets

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