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arXiv 2020年

作者： Khan, Ajmal Munir, Adnan Kaleem, Zeeshan Ullah, Farman Bilal, Muhammad Nkenyereye, Lewis Shah, Shahen Nguyen, Long D. Riazul Islam, S.M. Kwak, Kyung-Sup Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering COMSATS University Islamabad-Attock Campus Attock43600 Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering COMSATS University Islamabad Wah Campus Wah47040 Pakistan Division of Computer and Electronics Systems Engineering Hankuk University of Foreign Studies Yongin-si17035 Korea Republic of Department of Computer and Information Security Sejong University Seoul05006 Korea Republic of Institute of Research and Development Duy Tan University Da Nang550000 Viet Nam Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sejong University Seoul05006 Korea Republic of Department of Information and Communication Engineering Inha University Incheon22212 Korea Republic of

In post-disaster scenarios, such as after floods, earthquakes, and in war zones, the cellular communication infrastructure may be destroyed or seriously disrupted. In such emergency scenarios, it becomes very important for first aid responders to communicate with other rescue teams in order to provide feedback to both the central office and the disaster survivors. To address this issue, rapidly deployable systems are required to re-establish connectivity and assist users and first responders in the region of incident. In this work, we describe the design, implementation, and evaluation of a rapidly deployable system for first response applications in post-disaster situations, named RDSP. The proposed system helps early rescue responders and victims by sharing their location information to remotely located servers by utilizing a novel routing scheme. This novel routing scheme consists of the Dynamic ID Assignment (DIA) algorithm and the Minimum Maximum Neighbor (MMN) algorithm. The DIA algorithm is used by relay devices to dynamically select their IDs on the basis of all the available IDs of networks. Whereas, the MMN algorithm is used by the client and relay devices to dynamically select their next neighbor relays for the transmission of messages. The RDSP contains three devices;the client device sends the victim's location information to the server, the relay device relays information between client and server device, the server device receives messages from the client device to alert the rescue team. We deployed and evaluated our system in the outdoor environment of the university campus. The experimental results show that the RDSP system reduces the message delivery delay and improves the message delivery ratio with lower communication *** Codes C.2.1, C.2.2, C.2.6, E.1, G.2.2, E.4, G.1.3, I.1 Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ad hoc networks

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Assessing Trustworthy AI in Times of COVID-19: Deep Learning for Predicting a Multiregional Score Conveying the Degree of Lung Compromise in COVID-19 Patients

IEEE Transactions on Technology and Society

引用

IEEE Transactions on Technology and Society 2022年第4期3卷 272-289页

作者： Allahabadi, Himanshi Amann, Julia Balot, Isabelle Beretta, Andrea Binkley, Charles Bozenhard, Jonas Bruneault, Frederick Brusseau, James Candemir, Sema Cappellini, Luca Alessandro Chakraborty, Subrata Cherciu, Nicoleta Cociancig, Christina Coffee, Megan Ek, Irene Espinosa-Leal, Leonardo Farina, Davide Fieux-Castagnet, Genevieve Frauenfelder, Thomas Gallucci, Alessio Giuliani, Guya Golda, Adam Van Halem, Irmhild Hildt, Elisabeth Holm, Sune Kararigas, Georgios Krier, Sebastien A. Kuhne, Ulrich Lizzi, Francesca Madai, Vince I. Markus, Aniek F. Masis, Serg Mathez, Emilie Wiinblad Mureddu, Francesco Neri, Emanuele Osika, Walter Ozols, Matiss Panigutti, Cecilia Parent, Brendan Pratesi, Francesca Moreno-Sanchez, Pedro A. Sartor, Giovanni Savardi, Mattia Signoroni, Alberto Sormunen, Hanna-Maria Spezzatti, Andy Srivastava, Adarsh Stephansen, Annette F. Theng, Lau Bee Tithi, Jesmin Jahan Tuominen, Jarno Umbrello, Steven Vaccher, Filippo Vetter, Dennis Westerlund, Magnus Wurth, Renee Zicari, Roberto V. Ey Netherlands Enterprise Intelligence Department Amsterdam1083 HP Netherlands Eth Zurich Health Ethics and Policy Lab Department of Health Sciences and Technology Zürich8092 Switzerland Center for Diplomatic and Strategic Studies Postgraduate Studies in Diplomacy and International Relations Paris75015 France Pisa56124 Italy Hackensack Meridian Health Bioethics Center EdisonNJ08820 United States University of Oxford Faculty of Philosophy OxfordOX2 6GG United Kingdom Collège André- Laurendeau Philosophie Department MontrealQCH8N 2J4 Canada Université du Québec À Montréal École des Médias MontrealQCH2L 2C4 Canada Pace University Philosophy Department New YorkNY10038 United States The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Department of Radiology ColumbusOH43210 United States Humanitas Research Hospital Department of Radiology Milan20089 Italy Humanitas University Department of Biomedical Sciences Milan20089 Italy University of New England Faculty of Science Agriculture Business and Law ArmidaleNSW2351 Australia University of Technology Sydney Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology SydneyNSW2007 Australia Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna European Centre of Excellence on the Regulation of Robotics and Ai Pisa56127 Italy University of Bremen Group of Computer Architecture Bremen28359 Germany New York University Grossman School of Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology Department of Medicine New YorkNY10016 United States Digital Institute Ai Research Section Stockholm16731 Sweden Arcada University of Applied Sciences Department of Business Management and Analytics Helsinki00550 Finland University of Brescia Radiological Sciences and Public Health Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties Brescia25121 Italy Sncf Reseau Sa Ethique Groupe La Plaine93418 France Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology University Hospital Zurich Zürich8091 Switzerland Eindhoven University of Tech

This article's main contributions are twofold: 1) to demonstrate how to apply the general European Union's High-Level Expert Group's (EU HLEG) guidelines for trustworthy AI in practice for the domain of healthcare and 2) to investigate the research question of what does 'trustworthy AI' mean at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. To this end, we present the results of a post-hoc self-assessment to evaluate the trustworthiness of an AI system for predicting a multiregional score conveying the degree of lung compromise in COVID-19 patients, developed and verified by an interdisciplinary team with members from academia, public hospitals, and industry in time of pandemic. The AI system aims to help radiologists to estimate and communicate the severity of damage in a patient's lung from Chest X-rays. It has been experimentally deployed in the radiology department of the ASST Spedali Civili clinic in Brescia, Italy, since December 2020 during pandemic time. The methodology we have applied for our post-hoc assessment, called Z-Inspection®, uses sociotechnical scenarios to identify ethical, technical, and domain-specific issues in the use of the AI system in the context of the pandemic. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： COVID-19

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Smart decentralised energy management

Smart decentralised energy management

引用

CIRED 2020 Berlin Workshop (CIRED 2020)

作者： Stefan Werner Thomas Walter Christian Wiezorek Christian Backe Miguel Bande Firvida Thomas Vögele Peter Conradi Samrat Bose Enrique Kremers Easy Smart Grid GmbH (ESG) Karlsruhe Germany Technical University of Berlin (TUB) Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Berlin Germany German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI) Robotics Innovation Center Bremen Germany ALL4IP Technologies Darmstadt Germany European Institute for Energy Research (EIFER) Department of Complex Systems Research Karlsruhe Germany

The German–Finnish research project FUture Smart Energy shows, how flexible devices, consuming or producing electricity in electric grids, can be self-organised in a fully decentralised way, using autonomous algorithms integrated with the devices' controllers. By shifting operation time, existing flexible devices are hereby utilised as ‘virtual batteries’, providing high storage capacity and power. To gain sufficient flexibility, a large number of devices like combined heat and power generators, heat pumps (HP), heaters, coolers, charging stations, pumps, household appliances and industrial plants, has to be coordinated. This results in a high system complexity for which the evaluated method provides an easy, resilient, cyber-secure and cost-effective solution. This novel technology uses a new market approach for electric energy systems. A real-time price signal is generated directly out of grid state variables, like frequency, voltage, power or current, and broadcast to the flexible devices. Without a need for central control, the flexible devices react like a natural swarm to the price signal. The system is easily and highly scalable, as adding and removing flexibilities does not imply adapting a central control system. The system can be operated parallel or in addition to existing energy markets.

关键词： Internet of Things smart power grids energy management systems decentralised control power distribution control decision making pricing

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Correlation Analysis with Experimental Procedures and Peak Structures in Xps Spectral Round-Robin Tests on Mno Powder Sample

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2022年

作者： Murakami, Ryo Harada, Yoshitomo Sonobayashi, Yutaka Oji, Hiroshi Makino, Hisao Tanaka, Hiromi Taguchi, Hideyuki Sakamoto, Takanori Morita, Haruka Wakamori, Akihiko Kibe, Naoko Nishida, Shinsuke Nagata, Kenji Shinotsuka, Hiroshi Shouno, Hayaru Yoshikawa, Hideki The University of Electro-Communications Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering Chofu182-8585 Japan National Institute for Materials Science Research and Services Division of Materials Data and Integrated System Ibaraki Tsukuba305-0044 Japan Kyoto University Department of Materials Science and Engineering Kyoto606-8501 Japan Nagoya University Synchrotron radiation Research center Nagoya464-8603 Japan Kochi University of Technology School of Systems Engineering Japan National Institute of Technology Yonago College Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Japan Nihon Parkerizing Co. Ltd Central Research Laboratories Kanagawa 254-0012 Japan JX Nippon Mining & Metals Corporation Technology Development Center Japan Melco Semiconductor Engineering Corporation Chemical Analysis & Evaluation Engineering Dept. Fukuoka Japan Kobelco Welding TechnoSolutions Co. Technical Solution Dept. Ltd Kanagawa 251-8551 Japan Furukawa Electric Co. Ltd Analysis Technology Center Sustainable Technology Laboratorie Kanagawa 220-0073 Japan

Spectral measurements provide valuable information on the electronic states and crystal structures of materials. In particular, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) can facilitate analysis of the chemical bond state of material surfaces. In the analysis of XPS spectra, the spectrum to be measured is typically compared to a reference spectrum measured on a known single-phase sample. Therefore, establishing a reference spectral database is imperative. In this study, round-robin tests of XPS spectra are performed with the aim of obtaining recommended XPS reference spectra and experimental procedures, including preprocessing. Determining the variations in peak structures between instrument- and sample-derived spectral shapes, and quantitatively discussing them in round-robin tests of XPS spectra are challenging. Therefore, an analysis method that automatically determines the above mentioned variations and extracts the samplederived common spectral structures is developed. This study presents a new approach to the quantitative analysis of round-robin tests of XPS spectra. The required common © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： X ray photoelectron spectroscopy

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VAFL: A method of vertical asynchronous federated learning

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2020年

作者： Chen, Tianyi Jin, Xiao Sun, Yuejiao Yin, Wotao Department of Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY United States Department of Mathematics University of California Los Angeles Los AngelesCA United States DAMO Academy Alibaba US SeattleWA United States

Horizontal Federated learning (FL) handles multiclient data that share the same set of features, and vertical FL trains a better predictor that combine all the features from different clients. This paper targets solving vertical FL in an asynchronous fashion, and develops a simple FL method. The new method allows each client to run stochastic gradient algorithms without coordination with other clients, so it is suitable for intermittent connectivity of clients. This method further uses a new technique of perturbed local embedding to ensure data privacy and improve communication efficiency. Theoretically, we present the convergence rate and privacy level of our method for strongly convex, nonconvex and even nonsmooth objectives separately. Empirically, we apply our method to FL on various image and healthcare datasets. The results compare favorably to centralized and synchronous FL methods. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Data privacy

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Applications of blockchain technology in clinical trials: Review and open challenges

TechRxiv

引用

TechRxiv 2020年

作者： Omar, Ilhaam A. Jayaraman, Raja Salah, Khaled Yaqoob, Ibrar Ellahham, Samer Department of Industrial & Systems Engineering Khalifa University Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Khalifa University Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Heart & Vascular Institute Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates

Blockchain technology has disclosed unprecedented opportunities in the healthcare sector by unlocking the true value of interoperability. Specifically, the striking features of blockchain technology, such as data provenance, transparency, decentralized transaction validation, and immutability can help to compensate for stringent data management issues (e.g., patient recruitment, persistent monitoring, data management, and data analytics and accurate reporting) in clinical trials (CTs). Although several research studies show that blockchain solutions help to improve patient retention, data integrity, privacy, and ensure CTs compliance with regulatory policies, a comprehensive survey on this topic is lacking. In this survey, we provide insights into the adoption of blockchain technology in CTs. We categorize and classify the literature by devising a meticulous taxonomy of the decentralized tasks of CT and practices based on indispensable parameters. Furthermore, we provide insights on works in progress towards deploying blockchain solutions in CTs. Finally, we identify and discuss several challenges that hinder the successful implementation of blockchain technologies in CTs. © 2020, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Smart contract

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Precision of sung notes in carnatic music 19

Precision of sung notes in carnatic music

引用

19th International Society for Music Information Retrieval Conference, ISMIR 2018

作者： Viraraghavan, Venkata Subramanian Murthy, Hema A. Aravind, R. TCS Research and Innovation Embedded Systems and Robotics Bangalore India Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras India

ISBN: (纸本)9782954035123

Carnatic music is replete with continuous pitch movement called gamakas and can be viewed as consisting of constant-pitch notes (CPNs) and transients. The stationary points (STAs) of transients – points where the pitch curve changes direction – also carry melody information. In this paper, the precision of sung notes in Carnatic music is studied in detail by treating CPNs and STAs separately. There is variation among the nineteen musicians considered, but on average, the precision of CPNs increases exponentially with duration and settles at about 10 cents for CPNs longer than 0.5 seconds. For analyzing STAs, in contrast to Western music, rāga (melody) information is found to be necessary, and errors in STAs show a significantly larger standard deviation of about 60 cents. To corroborate these observations, the music was automatically transcribed and re-synthesized using CPN and STA information using two interpolation techniques. The results of perceptual tests clearly indicate that the grammar is highly flexible. We also show that the precision errors are not due to poor pitch tracking, singer deficiencies or delay in auditory feedback. © V S Viraraghavan, H A Murthy, R Aravind.

关键词： Music

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Observation of quantum strong Mpemba effect

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhang, Jie Xia, Gang Wu, Chun-Wang Chen, Ting Zhang, Qian Xie, Yi Su, Wen-Bo Wu, Wei Qiu, Cheng-Wei Chen, Ping-Xing Li, Weibin Jing, Hui Zhou, Yan-Li Institute for Quantum Science and Technology College of Science National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China Hunan Key Laboratory of Mechanism and technology of Quantum Information Changsha410073 China Hefei National Laboratory Anhui Hefei230088 China Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education Hunan Normal University Changsha410081 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore School of Physics and Astronomy University of Nottingham NottinghamNG7 2RD United Kingdom Centre for the Mathematics and Theoretical Physics of Quantum Non-equilibrium Systems University of Nottingham NottinghamNG7 2RD United Kingdom College of Science National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China

An ancient and counterintuitive phenomenon known as the Mpemba effect showcases the critical role of initial conditions in relaxation processes. How to realize and utilize this effect for speeding up relaxation is an important but challenging task in purely quantum system till now. Here, we experimentally study the strong Mpemba effect in a single trapped ion system in which an exponentially accelerated relaxation in time is observed by preparing an optimal quantum initial state with no excitation of the slowest decaying mode. Also, we demonstrate that the condition of realizing such effect coincides with the Liouvillian exceptional point, featuring the coalescence of both the eigenvalues and the eigenmodes of the systems. Our work provides an efficient strategy to engineer the dynamics of open quantum system, and suggests a link unexplored yet between the Mpemba effect and the non-Hermitian physics. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Trapped ions

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Lightweight Task-Oriented Semantic Communication Empowered by Large-Scale AI Models

引用

IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2025年

作者： Liu, Chuanhong Guo, Caili Yang, Yang Chen, Mingzhe Quek, Tony Q. S. Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence School of Information and Communication Engineering Beijing100876 China Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing Laboratory of Advanced Information Networks School of Information and Communication Engineering Beijing100876 China University of Miami Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Institute for Data Science and Computing Coral GablesFL United States Singapore University of Technology and Design Dept. of Information Systems Technology and Design 487372 Singapore

Recent studies have focused on leveraging large-scale artificial intelligence (LAI) models to improve semantic representation and compression capabilities. However, the substantial computational demands of LAI models pose significant challenges for real-time communication scenarios. To address this, this paper proposes utilizing knowledge distillation (KD) techniques to extract and condense knowledge from LAI models, effectively reducing model complexity and computation latency. Nevertheless, the inherent complexity of LAI models leads to prolonged inference times during distillation, while their lack of channel awareness compromises the distillation performance. These limitations make standard KD methods unsuitable for task-oriented semantic communication scenarios. To address these issues, we propose a fast distillation method featuring a pre-stored compression mechanism that eliminates the need for repetitive inference, significantly improving efficiency. Furthermore, a channel adaptive module is incorporated to dynamically adjust the transmitted semantic information based on varying channel conditions, enhancing communication reliability and adaptability. In addition, an information bottleneck-based loss function is derived to guide the fast distillation process. Simulation results verify that the proposed scheme outperform baselines in term of task accuracy, model size, computation latency, and training data requirements. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： NP-hard

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LIT: Light-field inference of transparency for refractive object localization

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2019年

作者： Zhou, Zheming Chen, Xiaotong Jenkins, Odest Chadwicke Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Robotics Institute University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109-2121 United States

Translucency is prevalent in everyday scenes. As such, perception of transparent objects is essential for robots to perform manipulation. Compared with texture-rich or textureless Lambertian objects, transparency induces significant uncertainty on object appearance. Ambiguity can be due to changes in lighting, viewpoint, and backgrounds, each of which brings challenges to existing object pose estimation algorithms. In this work, we propose LIT , a two-stage method for transparent object pose estimation using light-field sensing and photorealistic rendering. LIT employs multiple filters specific to lightfield imagery in deep networks to capture transparent material properties combined with robust depth and pose estimators based on generative sampling. Along with the LIT algorithm, we introduce the first light-field transparent object dataset for the task of recognition, localization and pose estimation. Using proposed algorithm on our dataset, we show that LIT outperforms both a state-of-The-Art end-To-end pose estimation method and a generative pose estimator on transparent objects. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Transparency

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