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arXiv 2020年

作者： Atapattu, Saman Fan, Rongfei Dharmawansa, Prathapasinghe Wang, Gongpu Evans, Jamie Tsiftsis, Theodoros A. Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Melbourne Victoria Australia School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China Department of Electronic and Telecommunications Engineering University of Moratuwa Moratuwa Sri Lanka School of Computer and Information Technology Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China Institute of Physical Internet School of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering Jinan University Zhuhai519070 China

In this paper, we investigate the two-way communication between two users assisted by a re-configurable intelligent surface (RIS). The scheme that two users communicate simultaneously in the same time slot over Rayleigh fading channels is considered. The channels between the two users and RIS can either be reciprocal or non-reciprocal. For reciprocal channels, we determine the optimal phases at the RIS to maximize the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR). We then derive exact closed-form expressions for the outage probability and spectral efficiency for single-element RIS. By capitalizing the insights obtained from the single-element analysis, we introduce a gamma approximation to model the product of Rayleigh random variables which is useful for the evaluation of the performance metrics in multiple-element RIS. Asymptotic analysis shows that the outage decreases at (log(ρ)/ρ)L rate where L is the number of elements, whereas the spectral efficiency increases at log(ρ) rate at large average SINR ρ. For non-reciprocal channels, the minimum user SINR is targeted to be maximized. For singleelement RIS, closed-form solutions are derived whereas for multiple-element RIS the problem turns out to be non-convex. The latter is relaxed to be a semidefinite programming problem, whose optimal solution is achievable and serves as a sub-optimal solution. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Signal to noise ratio

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Variational Inference of Finite Generalized Gaussian Mixture Models

Variational Inference of Finite Generalized Gaussian Mixture...

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IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI)

作者： Srikanth Amudala Samr Ali Fatma Najar Nizar Bouguila Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering Concordia University Montreal Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Concordia University Montreal Canada

ISBN: (数字)9781728124858

ISBN: (纸本)9781728124865

This paper presents a variational learning framework to analyze finite g eneralized G aussian m ixture models (GGMM). The model incorporates several mixtures that are widely used in signal and image processing applications. The motivation behind this work is the shape flexibility characteristics of the generalized Gaussian distribution (GGD) because of which it can be applied to different types of data. We present a method to evaluate the posterior distribution and Bayes estimators using the variational expectation-maximization algorithm. The effective number of components of the GGMM is determined automatically. The test results show the adequacy of the proposed algorithm by applying it to medical, astrological, and image segmentation applications; while comparing it with various other approaches.

关键词： Shape Gaussian mixture model Gaussian distribution Inference algorithms Image segmentation Information systems

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Traffic-Aware Two-Stage Queueing Communication Networks: Queue Analysis and Energy Saving

Traffic-Aware Two-Stage Queueing Communication Networks: Que...

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作者： Qi, Nan Miridakis, Nikolaos I. Xiao, Ming Tsiftsis, Theodoros A. Yao, Rugui Jin, Shi Key Laboratory of Dynamic Cognitive System of Electromagnetic Spectrum Space Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing210016 China National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Nanjing210096 China Institute of Physical Internet School of Intelligent Systems Science & Engineering Jinan University Zhuhai Campus Zhuhai519070 China Department of Informatics and Computer Engineering University of West Attica Aegaleo12243 Greece School of Electrical Engineering of KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm11428 Sweden School of Electronics and Information Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an710072 China National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Nanjing210096 China

To boost energy saving for the general delay-tolerant IoT networks, a two-stage, and single-relay queueing communication scheme is investigated. Concretely, a traffic-aware $N$-threshold and gated-service policy are applied at the relay. As two fundamental and significant performance metrics, the mean waiting time and long-term expected power consumption are explicitly derived and related with the queueing and service parameters, such as packet arrival rate, service threshold and channel statistics. Besides, we take into account the electrical circuit energy consumptions when the relay server and access point (AP) are in different modes and energy costs for mode transitions, whereby the power consumption model is more practical. The expected power minimization problem under the mean waiting time constraint is formulated. Tight closed-form bounds are adopted to obtain tractable analytical formulae with less computational complexity. The optimal energy-saving service threshold that can flexibly adjust to packet arrival rate is determined. In addition, numerical results reveal that: 1) sacrificing the mean waiting time not necessarily facilitates power savings;2) a higher arrival rate leads to a greater optimal service threshold;and 3) our policy performs better than the current state-of-the-art. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Energy conservation

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Integrated Capsule System For Gastroinitestinal PH Triggered Sampling And Sensing 20

Integrated Capsule System For Gastroinitestinal PH Triggered...

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20th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems and Eurosensors XXXIII, TRANSDUCERS 2019 and EUROSENSORS XXXIII

作者： Banis, George E. Beardslee, Luke A. Stine, Justin M. Sathyam, Rajendra Mayavan Ghodssi, Reza MEMS Sensors and Actuators Lab Institute for Systems Research University of Maryland College ParkMD United States Fischell Department of Bioengineering University of Maryland College ParkMD United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Maryland College ParkMD United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781728120072

We report an integrated ingestible capsule sensing system utilizing a hybrid packaging scheme for sensing pancreatic lipase in pH-specific regions within the human gut. The system uses microfabricated capacitive sensors interfaced with Bluetooth Low-Energy (BLE)-enabled commercial electronics, allowing the capsule to connect to a mobile app. The sensors are coated with triglyceride films that insulate the surface and degrade in response to pancreatic lipase. Furthermore, the capsule utilizes a 3D printed package coated with polymers that dissolve at a specific pH for triggered opening of the sensing chamber. This device strategy represents a significant step towards using embedded packaging and triglyceride-based materials to target specific regions of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and sensing biochemical contents for disease diagnosis. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Capacitive sensors

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Optimize Student Learning via Random Forest-Based Adaptive Narrative Game

Optimize Student Learning via Random Forest-Based Adaptive N...

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IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and engineering (CASE)

作者： Ryan Hare Ying Tang Wei Cui Joleen Liang Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rowan University Glassboro USA State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Institute of Smart Education Qingdao Academy of Intelligent Industries Qingdao China Squirrel AI Learning Shanghai China

ISBN: (数字)9781728169040

ISBN: (纸本)9781728169057

This paper presents an adaptive narrative game system that focuses on sequential logic design. The system adapts a random forest machine learning model to estimate a student's current level of domain knowledge relative to the problem presented to him through his game-playing behavior data, such as time taken to find solutions, errors in solutions, and emotional indicators. Hints, prompts, and/or individualized lessons are then offered to the player to guide their learning in a positive and productive direction. Our preliminary pilot study demonstrates that the model can make accurate classifications, from which proper assistance can then be provided to individual students as they play.

关键词： Games Databases Forestry Education Problem-solving Presses Artificial intelligence

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Driver Hazard Response When Processing On-road and In-vehicle Messaging of Non-Safety-Related Information

Driver Hazard Response When Processing On-road and In-vehicl...

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IEEE International Conference on Human-Machine systems

作者： Yulin Deng Stephen J. Cauffman Mei Ying Lau Ebony Johnson Azhagan Avr Christopher Cunningham David Kaber Jing Feng Edward P. Fitts Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA Department of Psuychology North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering University of Florida Gainesville FL USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA M.C.E. Institute of Transportation Research and Education North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA

ISBN: (数字)9781728158716

ISBN: (纸本)9781728158723

With advances in vehicle technologies, more information can be communicated in real-time to drivers via in-vehicle interfaces. In-vehicle messaging can be used for safety related information, such as warnings, as well as non-safety related information, such as upcoming gas stations. While much research has focused on the design of messaging safety-related information, little is known about the best practice for in-vehicle messaging non-safety-related information. The current study aimed to examine how drivers process service logos - as an example of non-safety-related information - and respond to road hazards when logos are presented on: (1) an on-road sign panel, (2) an in-vehicle display, or (3) a combination of both. It was found that drivers generally identified logos with high accuracy and low workload across the presentation conditions. Driver reactions to road hazards were slower when logos were present for processing, although the number of collisions did not increase. Although the majority of drivers self-reported a preference for the on-road presentation, the simultaneous presentation of logos on-road and in-vehicle showed a benefit on driver hazard negotiation (fewer collisions). Older drivers were less accurate in identifying logos but also had fewer collisions, likely due to them being more cautious and allocating more attention to the driving task. Findings of this study provide support for use of in-vehicle presentation of non-safety-related information in addition to existing on-road signage.

关键词： Vehicles Hazards Roads Visualization Task analysis Navigation

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Bearing-only formation control under persistence of excitation

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Tang, Zhiqi Cunha, Rita Hamel, Tarek Silvestre, Carlos Institute for Systems and Robotics Instituto Superior Técnico Universidade de Lisboa Portugal I3S-CNRS Université Côte d'Azur Nice-Sophia Antipolis France I3S-CNRS Institut Universitaire de France Nice-Sophia Antipolis France Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The Faculty of Science and Technology The University of Macau China

This paper addresses the problem of bearing-only formation control in d (d ≥ 2)-dimensional space by exploring persistence of excitation (PE) of the desired bearing reference. By defining a desired formation that is bearing PE, distributed bearing-only control laws are proposed, which guarantee exponential stabilization of the desired formation only up to a translation vector. The key outcome of this approach relies in exploiting the bearing PE to significantly relax the conditions imposed on the graph topology to ensure exponential stabilization, when compared to the bearing rigidity conditions, and to remove the scale ambiguity introduced by bearing vectors. Simulation results are provided to illustrate the performance of the proposed control method. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Stabilization

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Analysis of a generalized expectation-maximization algorithm for Gaussian mixture models: A control systems perspective

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Chatterjee, Sarthak Romero, Orlando Pequito, Sérgio Department of Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12180 United States Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12180 United States

The Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm is one of the most popular methods used to solve the problem of parametric distribution-based clustering in unsupervised learning. In this paper, we propose to analyze a generalized EM (GEM) algorithm in the context of Gaussian mixture models, where the maximization step in the EM is replaced by an increasing step. We show that this GEM algorithm can be understood as a linear time-invariant (LTI) system with a feedback nonlinearity. Therefore, we explore some of its convergence properties by leveraging tools from robust control theory. Lastly, we explain how the proposed GEM can be designed, and present a pedagogical example to understand the advantages of the proposed approach. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Maximum principle

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Node isolation in large homogeneous binary multiplicative attribute graph models

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Qu, Sikai Makowski, Armand M. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Institute for Systems Research University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States

The multiplicative attribute graph (MAG) model was introduced by Kim and Leskovec as a mathematically tractable model of certain classes of real-world networks. It is an instance of hidden graph models, and implements the plausible idea that network structure is collectively shaped by attributes individually associated with nodes. These authors have studied several aspects of this model, including its connectivity, the existence of a giant component, its diameter and the degree distribution. This was done in the asymptotic regime when the number of nodes and the number of node attributes both grow unboundedly large, the latter scaling with the former under a natural admissibility condition. In the same setting, we explore the existence (or equivalently, absence) of isolated nodes, a property not discussed in the original paper. The main result of the paper is a zero-one law for the absence of isolated nodes;this zero-one law coincides with that obtained by Kim and Leskovec for graph connectivity (although under slightly weaker assumptions). We prove these results by applying the method of first and second moments in a non-standard way to multiple sets of counting random variables associated with the number of isolated nodes. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graph theory

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Drone-assisted communications for remote areas and disaster relief

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Gholami, Anousheh Fiaz, Usman A. Baras, John S. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Institute for Systems Research University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States

Recent years have seen a great deal of interest in deploying unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), also known as drones, for applications such as aerial transport of goods, search and rescue, precision agriculture, wildlife conservation, realtime monitoring, security and surveillance. Besides this wide range of conventional applications of drones, UAV-assisted communication systems have emerged as one of the key technologies for the development and expansion of fifth generation (5G) networks, and have therefore attracted a lot of interest from both academia and industry [1]. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Antennas

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