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Support Vector Machine Based Handwritten Hindi Character Recognition and Summarization

computer systems Science & engineering 2022年第10期43卷 397-412页

作者： Sunil Dhankhar Mukesh Kumar Gupta Fida Hussain Memon Surbhi Bhatia Pankaj Dadheech Arwa Mashat Department of Computer Science&Engineering Swami Keshvanand Institute of TechnologyManagement&GramothanJaipurRajasthan302017India Department of Electrical Engineering Sukkur IBA UniversityPakistan Department of Mechatronics Engineering Jeju National UniversityJeju63243Korea Department of Information Systems College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyKing Faisal UniversitySaudi Arabia Faculty of Computing&Information Technology King Abdulaziz UniversityRabigh21911Saudi Arabia

In today’s digital era,the text may be in form of *** research aims to deal with the problem by recognizing such text and utilizing the support vector machine(SVM).A lot of work has been done on the English language for handwritten character recognition but very less work on the under-resourced Hindi language.A method is developed for identifying Hindi language characters that use morphology,edge detection,histograms of oriented gradients(HOG),and SVM classes for summary *** rank employs the summary to extract essential phrases based on paragraph position,phrase position,numerical data,inverted comma,sentence length,and keywords *** primary goal of the SVM optimization function is to reduce the number of features by eliminating unnecessary and redundant *** second goal is to maintain or improve the classification system’s *** experiment included news articles from various genres,such as Bollywood,politics,and *** proposed method’s accuracy for Hindi character recognition is 96.97%,which is good compared with baseline approaches,and system-generated summaries are compared to human *** evaluated results show a precision of 72%at a compression ratio of 50%and a precision of 60%at a compression ratio of 25%,in comparison to state-of-the-art methods,this is a decent result.

关键词： Support vector machine(SVM) optimization precision Hindi character recognition optical character recognition(OCR) automatic summarization and compression ratio

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Toward Closed-Loop Additive Manufacturing: Paradigm Shift in Fabrication, Inspection, and Repair

Toward Closed-Loop Additive Manufacturing: Paradigm Shift in...

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IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and systems (IROS)

作者： Manpreet Singh Fujun Ruan Albert Xu Yuchen Wu Archit Rungta Luyuan Wang Kevin Song Howie Choset Lu Li Department of Mechanical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh USA CMU The Robotics Institute School of Computer Science USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan USA Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani India Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering CMU USA

Increased usage of additive manufacturing (AM) in various industries has solidified its role as an advanced manufacturing technique. However, there is an inherent lack of reliability in AM processes, particularly common in extrusion or deposition-based methods due to the stochastic nature of ma-terial deposition. This necessitates an intelligent manufacturing solution to address the drawbacks of AM. Thus, we propose a novel layer-wise approach toward closed-loop AM, which is capable of in-situ monitoring and repairing geometric defects. In this paper, we present a system that uses a robotic AM experimental platform that mimics a conventional open-loop fabrication setup, which we augment into a closed-loop system using two add-ons: in-situ inspection subsystem and online process correction subsystem. The in-situ inspection subsystem collects 3D point cloud scans and compares them against a reference CAD model, categorizing geometric deviations as positive or negative defects. Then the subsequent online process correction subsystem uses a re-plan and/or repair strategy to address the positive and/or negative defects, respectively. To evaluate this idea, we conducted three experiments on parts with manually induced defects to investigate the system's ability to repair those parts, thereby reducing defects, improving part accuracy, and enhancing mechanical properties. Comparing the defective and repaired parts, we observe a reduction in defect percent by volume from 10.7% to 1.3%, an improvement in geometric tolerance from 3.86% error to 0.08% error, and an increase in the part's breaking load from 4.77 kN to 6.31 kN. These experiments prove that our layer-wise closed-loop additive manufacturing approach improves the quality, tolerance, and reliability of plastic 3D printed parts, with the potential to extend to other extrusion/deposition-based AM processes, or even subtractive manufacturing and hybrid manufacturing methods.

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Conjectural Online Learning with First-order Beliefs in Asymmetric Information Stochastic Games

Conjectural Online Learning with First-order Beliefs in Asym...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

作者： Tao Li Kim Hammar Rolf Stadler Quanyan Zhu Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering New York University USA Division of Network and Systems Engineering KTH Royal Institute of Technology Sweden

ISBN: (数字)9798350316339

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316346

Asymmetric information stochastic games (AISGs) arise in many complex socio-technical systems, such as cyberphysical systems and IT infrastructures. Existing computational methods for AISGs are primarily offline and can not adapt to equilibrium deviations. Further, current methods are limited to particular information structures to avoid belief hierarchies. Considering these limitations, we propose conjectural online learning (COL), an online learning method under generic information structures in AISGs. COL uses a forecaster-actorcritic (FAC) architecture, where subjective forecasts are used to conjecture the opponents’ strategies within a lookahead horizon, and Bayesian learning is used to calibrate the conjectures. To adapt strategies to nonstationary environments based on information feedback, COL uses online rollout with cost function approximation (actor-critic). We prove that the conjectures produced by COL are asymptotically consistent with the information feedback in the sense of a relaxed Bayesian consistency. We also prove that the empirical strategy profile induced by COL converges to the Berk-Nash equilibrium, a solution concept characterizing rationality under subjectivity. Experimental results from an intrusion response use case demonstrate COL’s faster convergence over state-of-the-art reinforcement learning methods against nonstationary attacks.

关键词： Learning systems Sociotechnical systems Games Reinforcement learning computer architecture Cyber-physical systems Cost function Bayes methods Convergence

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18 GHz Microacoustic ScAlN Lamb Wave Resonators for Ku Band Applications

18 GHz Microacoustic ScAlN Lamb Wave Resonators for Ku Band ...

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Microwave Filter Workshop (IMFW), IEEE MTT-S International

作者： Luca Colombo Gabriel Giribaldi Matteo Rinaldi Institute for Nano Systems Innovation – Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northeastern University Boston MA United States of America

This work reports on the designing, manufacturing, and characterization of 18 GHz microacoustic 30% scandium aluminum nitride doped lamb wave Cross-Sectional Lamé Mode Resonators (CLMRs) for K u band applications, with a specific focus on the next generation of radio frequency filters for 5G and satcom *** results highlight a 3 dB quality factor (Q 3dB ) as high as 180, a mechanical quality factor (Q m ) greater than 350, and an electromechanical coupling ($k_t^2$) of 7.5% for 50 Ω matched CLMRs at 18 GHz, while preserving CMOS compatibility, resonant frequency lithographic tunability, and a 3-mask fabrication process. The devices also demonstrated a P 1dB compression point greater than 12 dBm and a temperature coefficient of frequency of −40 ppm/*** filter responses based on CLMRs modeling and measured data showcase 3 dB fractional bandwidths (FB % ) greater than 4%, with out-of-band-rejection and selectivity greater than 20 dBc and 15 dBc, respectively, confirming the suitability of the reported technologies for the manufacturing of the next generation of K u band applications.

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Experimental Validation of Rotor Position Synchronization Control in Central-Converter Multi-Motor Architectures for Aerospace Applications

Experimental Validation of Rotor Position Synchronization Co...

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2024 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2024

作者： Lima, Cláudio Lute, Christopher Cale, James Colorado State University Electrical and Computer Eng. Departament Fort Collins United States Colorado State University Csu Energy Institute Fort Collins United States Colorado State University Systems Engineering Department Fort Collins United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376067

The aerospace industry is currently undergoing a transition to More Electric Aircraft (MEA). The replacement of hydraulic and pneumatic drives with electromechanical drives offers several practical design advantages. Recent research on electrification of the thrust reverse actuation system (TRAS) proposed an electrical distribution architecture and control strategy. This paper describes experimental validation of a rotor position synchronization control strategy for TRAS. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Aerospace industry

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Robust Resource Sharing in Network Slicing via Hypothesis Testing

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Nikolaidis, Panagiotis Baras, John Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering The Institute for Systems Research University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States

In network slicing, the network operator needs to satisfy the service level agreements of multiple slices at the same time and on the same physical infrastructure. To do so with reduced provisioned resources, the operator may consider resource sharing mechanisms. However, each slice then becomes susceptible to traffic surges in other slices which degrades performance isolation. To maintain both high efficiency and high isolation, we propose the introduction of hypothesis testing in resource sharing. Our approach comprises two phases. In the trial phase, the operator obtains a stochastic model for each slice that describes its normal behavior, provisions resources and then signs the service level agreements. In the regular phase, whenever there is resource contention, hypothesis testing is conducted to check which slices follow their normal behavior. Slices that fail the test are excluded from resource sharing to protect the well-behaved ones. We test our approach on a mobile traffic dataset. Results show that our approach fortifies the service level agreements against unexpected traffic patterns and achieves high efficiency via resource sharing. Overall, our approach provides an appealing tradeoff between efficiency and isolation. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Stochastic models

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Selection of Three-phase Inverter Topology and Optimization of the PCB Layout of a T-type Bridge-Leg for Power Dense Motor Drive Application

Selection of Three-phase Inverter Topology and Optimization ...

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Workshop on Smart Grid and Renewable Energy (SGRE)

作者： Reza Asrar Ghaderloo Chanaka Singhabahu Rakesh Resalayyan Alireza Khaligh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Maryland Power Electronics Laboratory Institute for Systems Research University of Maryland College Park

The topology selection plays a key role in minimizing the losses and improving the output waveform quality of an inverter. In addition, increasing the switching frequency of an inverter help to reduce the size of EMI filters resulting in power density improvement. Use of wide-bandgap device (like SiC devices) enables high switching frequency operation in power electronic converters. However, due to low gate charge and small junction capacitance of SiC devices, the SiC-based inverter is more likely to be influenced by side-effects of fast switching transition like undesired ringing, larger voltage overshoot and mistriggerig due to miller-effect. Parasitic inductances of multiple power loops and gate loops within the inverter leg play a key role in these undesired effects, however, a proper design of PCB-layout can reduce these effects. In this paper, a comparison is conducted between a T-type and 2-level inverter topologies for motor drive applications. Furthermore, a placement configuration of components along with the PCB layout are proposed for a T-type leg to improve its switching transition behavior by reducing the power and gate loop parasitic inductances. The parasitic inductances of proposed configuration are estimated using FEA simulation, and the estimated values are used to simulate the switching transition behavior of a T-type leg. Finally, a Double Pulse Test (DPT) is executed to demonstrate the accurate switching transition behaviour of a T-type leg which is designed with the proposed PCB layout and component placement.

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Average Current Control Design of Active Power Decoupling Converter with Low Filter Inductance Based on Double Sampling Techniques for PV Microinverter

Average Current Control Design of Active Power Decoupling Co...

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Energy and Sustainable Development

作者： Yidi Shen Arafat Hasnain Daniel Zakzewski Rakesh Resalayyan Alireza Khaligh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and The Institute for Systems Research University of Maryland College Park College Park Maryland USA

ISBN: (数字)9798331517076

ISBN: (纸本)9798331517083

Active power decoupling (APD) converter is a power dense and reliable solution in dc-ac power conversion systems to balance the fluctuating ac-side power and constant dc-side power. In boost type APD converter, filter inductor with low inductance can be beneficial in achieving efficient and compact designs or allows the implementation of zero voltage switching (ZVS) based modulation. On the other hand, the reduced inductance increases the difficulty of controller design due to reduction of the average current control loop phase margin and higher requirement in low-pass-filter (LPF). This paper proposes an average current control based on double sampling techniques to reduce the phase delay of LPF and improve the current tracking performance under low inductance. The implementation of double sampling in the digital signal processor (DSP) and the design of control loops are discussed. The proposed approach is experimentally verified using a 40 V, 400 W APD converter prototype.

关键词： Current control Inductance Tracking loops Digital signal processors Prototypes Avalanche photodiodes Zero voltage switching Active filters Delays Inductors

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How to turn your camera into a perfect pinhole model

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： De Boi, Ivan Pathak, Stuti Oliveira, Marina Penne, Rudi InViLab University of Antwerp Groenenborgerlaan 171 Antwerp2020 Belgium Institute of Systems and Robotics Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Coimbra Coimbra3004-531 Portugal

Camera calibration is a first and fundamental step in various computer vision applications. Despite being an active field of research, Zhang's method remains widely used for camera calibration due to its implementation in popular toolboxes like MATLAB and OpenCV. However, this method initially assumes a pinhole model with oversimplified distortion models. In this work, we propose a novel approach that involves a pre-processing step to remove distortions from images by means of Gaussian processes. Our method does not need to assume any distortion model and can be applied to severely warped images, even in the case of multiple distortion sources, e.g., a fisheye image of a curved mirror reflection. The Gaussian processes capture all distortions and camera imperfections, resulting in virtual images as though taken by an ideal pinhole camera with square pixels. Furthermore, this ideal GP-camera only needs one image of a square grid calibration pattern. This model allows for a serious upgrade of many algorithms and applications that are designed in a pure projective geometry setting but with a performance that is very sensitive to nonlinear lens distortions. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method by simplifying Zhang's calibration method, reducing the number of parameters and getting rid of the distortion parameters and iterative optimization. We validate by means of synthetic data and real world images. The contributions of this work include the construction of a virtual ideal pinhole camera using Gaussian processes, a simplified calibration method and lens distortion removal. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Pinhole cameras

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Performance-Guaranteed Solutions for Multi-Agent Optimal Coverage Problems using Submodularity, Curvature, and Greedy Algorithms

Performance-Guaranteed Solutions for Multi-Agent Optimal Cov...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

作者： Shirantha Welikala Christos G. Cassandras Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken NJ USA Division of Systems Engineering and Center for Information and Systems Engineering Boston University Brookline MA USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350316339

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316346

We consider a class of multi-agent optimal coverage problems in which the goal is to determine the optimal placement of a group of agents in a given mission space so that they maximize a coverage objective that represents a blend of individual and collaborative event detection capabilities. This class of problems is extremely challenging due to the non-convex nature of the mission space and of the coverage objective. With this motivation, greedy algorithms are often used as means of getting feasible coverage solutions efficiently. Even though such greedy solutions are suboptimal, the submodularity (diminishing returns) property of the coverage objective can be exploited to provide performance bound guarantees. Moreover, we show that improved performance bound guarantees (beyond the standard ($1-1 / \mathrm{e}$) performance bound) can be established using various curvature measures of the coverage problem. In particular, we provide a brief review of all existing popular applicable curvature measures, including a recent curvature measure that we proposed, and discuss their effectiveness and computational complexity, in the context of optimal coverage problems. We also propose novel computationally efficient techniques to estimate some curvature measures. Finally, we provide several numerical results to support our findings and propose several potential future research directions.

关键词： Greedy algorithms Atmospheric measurements Reviews Event detection Space missions Collaboration Particle measurements Computational efficiency Computational complexity Standards

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