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25th International Conference on Pattern Recognition Workshops, ICPR 2020

作者： Her, Paris Manderle, Logan Dias, Philipe A. Medeiros, Henry Odone, Francesca Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Marquette University MilwaukeeWI United States Department of Informatics Bioengineering Robotics and Systems Engineering University of Genoa Genoa Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9783030687892

Effective assisted living environments must be able to perform inferences on how their occupants interact with their environment. Gaze direction provides strong indications of how people interact with their surroundings. In this paper, we propose a gaze tracking method that uses a neural network regressor to estimate gazes from keypoints and integrates them over time using a moving average mechanism. Our gaze regression model uses confidence gated units to handle cases of keypoint occlusion and estimate its own prediction uncertainty. Our temporal approach for gaze tracking incorporates these prediction uncertainties as weights in the moving average scheme. Experimental results on a dataset collected in an assisted living facility demonstrate that our gaze regression network performs on par with a complex, dataset-specific baseline, while its uncertainty predictions are highly correlated with the actual angular error of corresponding estimations. Finally, experiments on videos sequences show that our temporal approach generates more accurate and stable gaze predictions. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021.

关键词： Assisted living

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Coil Optimization of a Planar Omnidirectional WPT System

Coil Optimization of a Planar Omnidirectional WPT System

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IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE

作者： Xipei Yu Junjie Feng Liyan Zhu Qiang Li the Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Center for Power Electronics Systems Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350376067

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376074

Recently, omnidirectional wireless power transfer (WPT) has gained widespread popularity since 2010s especially in consumer electronics application benefiting from ease of integration with furniture. In such applications, angular misalignment occurs frequently. Obviously, it will affect the stable operation of system significantly. However, the coil optimization is not investigated accurately. In other words, the modelling and effects under angular misalignment are not investigated completely. Targeting at this, this article proposes a planar omnidirectional wireless power transfer system with three sets of planar coils. Afterwards, the modelling process is conducted for the planar omnidirectional WPT system under angular misalignment and N s effect is investigated. Afterwards, the coil optimization is conducted to increase its usability in real applications. Finally in the experiment, three sets of coils are fabricated and the transfer efficiency are measured under orientation and angular misalignment at 6.78MHz. When charging the mobile phone and electronic watch receivers, the overall efficiency is 69%-78% and 55%-65%, considering the orientation and angular misalignment.

关键词： Coils Wireless communication Inductance Magnetic field measurement Wireless power transfer Receivers Mobile handsets Magnetic fields Usability Optimization

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Area-Oriented Resubstitution For Networks of Look-Up Tables

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IEEE Transactions on computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and systems 2025年

作者： Costamagna, Andrea Calvino, Alessandro Tempia Mishchenko, Alan Micheli, Giovanni De Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne Integrated Systems Laboratory Lausanne1015 Switzerland University of California Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Berkeley United States

This paper addresses the challenge of reducing the number of nodes in Look-Up Table (LUT) networks with two significant applications. First, Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) can be modelled as networks of LUTs, and minimizing the node count is imperative to meet resource constraints. Second, in area-oriented design space exploration for standard-cell designs, collapsing a circuit into a LUT network, restructuring it, and later remapping to the original representation helps escape local minima. Thus, the development of algorithms for optimizing and restructuring LUT networks holds considerable promise for area-oriented optimization. Substitution (also called resubstitution) is a powerful logic minimization method that can identify non-local logic dependencies and exploit them for logic minimization. State-of-the-art substitution algorithms for LUT networks rely heavily on SAT solving, limiting the number of optimization attempts and the size of the substitution sub-networks to one node mishchenko2011scalable. Conversely, our method relies on circuit simulation to increase the number of substitution candidates and enables substitutions with more than one node. The experimental results show that the proposed method identifies optimization opportunities overlooked by other methods, improving 11 out of 23 best-known results in the EPFL synthesis competition and yielding a 3.46% area reduction compared to the state-of-the-art. © 1982-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays (FPGA)

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Modelling the Effect of the DC Link Decoupling Capacitor of a Commutation Power Loop Using a Thevenin-Based Frequency Domain Approach

Modelling the Effect of the DC Link Decoupling Capacitor of ...

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Annual IEEE Conference on Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)

作者： Ayooluwa Ajiboye Ayodhya Somiruwan Gamwari Rakesh Resalayyan Alireza Khaligh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Maryland Power Electronics Laboratory The Institute for Systems Research University of Maryland College Park USA

The high commutation speed of wide band-gap devices causes undesired voltage overshoots and oscillatory behavior observed across the drain-source port. The mitigation of these voltage overshoots and oscillations caused by the resonant interaction between the commutation loop parasitic inductance and the switch parasitic output capacitance requires additional design considerations. In this work, a Thevenin-based frequency domain approach for modelling the switch voltage overshoot and oscillations with respect to the commutation power loop is proposed. The switching transition and its associated slew rate is modelled using a clamped-ramp function. The two figures of merit used to quantify the effect of the circuit elements in the commutation power loop with respect to the resonant oscillations are the voltage overshoot and time to steady state. Using the clamped-ramp function and the two figures of merit, the effect of the parasitic inductance and the decoupling capacitor on the power loop is analyzed. The trends observed from the analyses are used to obtain recommendations regarding the sizing and placement of the decoupling capacitor in the power loop. The proposed Thevenin-based frequency domain model is experimentally validated by comparing the analytical results with both the LTspice simulations and the experimental waveforms for a SiC-based 400 V, 20 A double pulse test.

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Biomechanical Test Setup for the Investigation of Forehead Suture Techniques

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Current Directions in Biomedical engineering 2023年第1期9卷 532-535页

作者： Micheler, Carina M. Lang, Jan J. Wilhelm, Nikolas J. Schaack, Victor G. Eisenhart-Rothe, Rüdiger Von Burgkart, Rainer H. H. Bäumlisberger, Anja Wachtel, Nikolaus Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Orthopaedics University Hospital Rechts der Isar School of Medicine Technical University of Munich Munich Germany Institute for Machine Tools and Industrial Management School of Engineering and Design Technical University of Munich Garching near Munich Germany Non-destructive Testing School of Engineering and Design Technical University of Munich Munich Germany Munich Institute of Robotics and Machine Intelligence Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Technical University of Munich Munich Germany Division of Hand Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery University Hospital LMU Munich Munich Germany

Wound healing can be delayed if the biomechanical stability of the wound closure is inadequate. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate different suturing techniques for their biomechanical stability. In this study, suturing techniques suitable for the forehead area were investigated. For this application, a special test setup was developed to simulate the curvature of the forehead and the corresponding physiological configuration. The average forehead curvature is 62.24 ± 4.11 mm in radius. To simulate this curvature, the skin specimens are subjected to tensile stress over the spherical surface using a standard uniaxial testing machine. For the evaluation, an automated evaluation tool for MATLAB was also developed. Three different suturing techniques (Straight, Lazy-S, Zigzag) were investigated and tested for their biomechanical stability. Of the three suturing techniques, the Zigzag suture proved to be the most stable with the highest stiffness of 44.23 ± 8.18 % and the highest final failure of 32.60 ± 4.95 % (relative to the control sample without incision). The study has shown that the test setup can be used to investigate different forehead suture techniques. © 2023 the author(s), published by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston.

关键词： MATLAB

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Evolution of Metallic Connection Technologies of Busbar in Silicon Solar Cells: Brief Review 15

Evolution of Metallic Connection Technologies of Busbar in S...

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15th IEEE International Conference on Industry Applications, INDUSCON 2023

作者： Silveira, A.M.C. Neves, M.R.M. Garcia, R. Alvarez, H. Villalva, M.G. Marques, F.C. Kretly, L.C. School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Communications Department - DECOM Campinas Brazil School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Dept. of Systems and Energy - DSE Campinas Brazil Institute of Physics Gleb Wataghin Dept. of Applied Physics - DFA Campinas Brazil Build Your Dreams Company - BYD Dept. Research and Development - R&D Campinas Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9798350314182

This work consists of presenting a brief review of the evolution of metallic connection technologies in busbars applied to the front and rear of solar cells, thus demonstrating their fundamentals, materials and essential manufacturing processes that impact on improving the energy efficiency of solar modules. In this brief review, one can follow the technical limitations that led to the evolution of metallic connection technologies in busbars over time and their impacts on the photovoltaic market. Contributing to a broad understanding of the resistive components of solar cells that consists of the series resistance parameter. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Busbarless Effective Shadow Ribbon Busbar Serie Resistance Solar cell TLM Wire Busbar

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Machine Vision Applications in robotics and Automation 9

Machine Vision Applications in Robotics and Automation

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9th International Conference on Science, Technology, engineering and Mathematics, ICONSTEM 2024

作者： Bharathi, G.P. Kavitha, P. Abhang, Laxman Baburao Rathinasabapathi, G. Sharma, Vipin Sathish, T. Sri Sai Ram Institute of Technology Department of Computer And Communication Engineering West Tambaram Tamil Nadu Chennai600045 India R.M.K Engineering College Department of Electrical And Electronics Engineering Tamil Nadu Kavaraipettai601206 India Pravara Rural Engineering College Department of Automation And Robotics Maharashtra Loni413736 India Panimalar Engineering College Department of Mechanical Engineering Tamil Nadu Chennai600123 India Medi-Caps University Department of Mechanical Engineering Madhya Pradesh Indore453331 India Saveetha School of Engineering Simats Department of Mechanical Engineering Tamil Nadu Chennai602105 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365092

The extensive incorporation of machine vision into the fields of robotics and automation in a variety of different ways. The various uses of machine vision and the revolutionary impact it has on the capabilities of robotic systems. This investigation is fueled by improvements in imaging technology and artificial intelligence. In the abstract, major features such as object detection, navigation, and human-robot interaction are discussed in depth. The abstract also demonstrates how machine vision algorithms contribute to enhanced precision, efficiency, and adaptability in automation processes. The purpose of thisis to shed light on the role that machine vision plays in revolutionising industrial automation, collaborative robotics, and autonomous systems by conducting an examination of real-world implementations and case studies. This all-encompassing investigation not only highlights the current status of machine vision applications but also forecasts the future trajectory of this technology, thereby establishing it as a foundational component for the development of robotics and automation in a variety of fields. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Navigation systems

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On de Bruijn Array Codes, Part II: Linear Codes

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2025年

作者： Chee, Yeow Meng Etzion, Tuvi Lao, Huimin Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Management National University of Singapore Singapore Computer Science Department Technion Israel Institute of Technology Haifa3200003 Israel Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore

An M-sequence generated by a primitive polynomial has many interesting and desirable properties. A pseudorandom array is the two-dimensional generalization of an M-sequence. Similarly to primitive polynomials, there are irreducible and reducible polynomials whose all nonzero sequences have the same length. In this paper, a two-dimensional generalization for such sequences is given. This generalization is for a pseudo-random array code which is a set of r1×r2 arrays in which each n1×n2 nonzero matrix is contained exactly once as a window in one of the arrays. Moreover, these arrays have the shift-and-add property, i.e., the bitwise addition of two arrays (or a nontrivial shift of such arrays) is another array (or a shift of another array) from the code. All the known arrays can be formed by folding sequences generated from an irreducible polynomial or a reducible polynomial whose factors have the same degree and the same exponent. Two proof techniques are used to prove the parameters of the constructed arrays. The first one is based on another method for constructing some of these arrays. The second one is a generalization of a known proof technique. This generalization enables to present pseudo-random arrays with parameters not known before and also a variety of pseudo-random array codes which cannot be generated by the first method. The two techniques also suggest two different hierarchies between pseudo-random array codes. Finally, a method to verify whether a folding of sequences, generated by these polynomials, yields a pseudo-random array or a pseudo-random array code, will be presented. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Polynomials

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Mutual Inductance Extraction and Power Allocation of a Planar Omnidirectional WPT System

Mutual Inductance Extraction and Power Allocation of a Plana...

引用

IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE

ISBN: (数字)9798350376067

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376074

In recent times, planar omnidirectional wireless power transfer has emerged as a prominent technology, especially in consumer electronics application. However, in such scenario, the presence of multiple receivers with angular misalignment often results in unstable operation due to variations in mutual inductance. To address this challenge, this article undertakes the modelling of several receiver coils and proposes a method to extract mutual inductance between them utilizing additional DC/DC converters. This extraction process serves to mitigate these effects, thereby enabling effective power allocation among multiple receivers Finally, the experimental validation is conducted. at 6.78MHz. When charging the mobile phone and electronic watch receivers, the overall efficiency is 68%-77% and 56%-66%, considering the orientation and angular misalignment.

关键词： Coils Wireless communication Inductance Analytical models Receivers Wireless power transfer Energy conversion Mobile handsets Resource management Consumer electronics

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Communication-efficient Vertical Federated Learning via Compressed Error Feedback

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Valdeira, Pedro Xavier, João Soares, Cláudia Chi, Yuejie CMU IST United States IST NOVA CMU United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon University United States Institute for Systems and Robotics Instituto Superior Técnico Portugal Department of Computer Science NOVA School of Science and Technology

Communication overhead is a known bottleneck in federated learning (FL). To address this, lossy compression is commonly used on the information communicated between the server and clients during training. In horizontal FL, where each client holds a subset of the samples, such communication-compressed training methods have recently seen significant progress. However, in their vertical FL counterparts, where each client holds a subset of the features, our understanding remains limited. To address this, we propose an error feedback compressed vertical federated learning (EF-VFL) method to train split neural networks. In contrast to previous communication-compressed methods for vertical FL, EF-VFL does not require a vanishing compression error for the gradient norm to converge to zero for smooth nonconvex problems. By leveraging error feedback, our method can achieve a O(1/T) convergence rate for a sufficiently large batch size, improving over the state-of-the-art O(1/√T) rate under O(1/√T) compression error, and matching the rate of uncompressed methods. Further, when the objective function satisfies the Polyak-Lojasiewicz inequality, our method converges linearly. In addition to improving convergence, our method also supports the use of private labels. Numerical experiments show that EF-VFL significantly improves over the prior art, confirming our theoretical results. The code for this work can be found at https://***/Valdeira/EF-VFL. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Federated learning

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