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Steps Toward Industry 5.0:Building“6S”Parallel Industries With Cyber-Physical-Social Intelligence

IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2023年第8期10卷 1692-1703页

作者： Xingxia Wang Jing Yang Yutong Wang Qinghai Miao Fei-Yue Wang Aijun Zhao Jian-Ling Deng Lingxi Li Xiaoxiang Na Ljubo Vlacic School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China IEEE Macao University of Science and Technology Macao 999078China Beijing Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Systems and Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100098 State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China North Automatic Control Technology Institute Taiyuan 030006China China Huaneng Group Co. Ltd.Beijing 100031China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis(IUPUI)IndianapolisIN 46202 USA Department of Engineering University of CambridgeCambridgeCB21PZUK School of Engineering and Built Environment Griffith UniversityGold CoastQLD 4222Australia

Very recently,intensive discussions and studies on Industry 5.0 have sprung up and caused the attention of researchers,entrepreneurs,and policymakers from various sectors around the ***,there is no consensus on why and what is Industry 5.0 *** this paper,we define Industry 5.0from its philosophical and historical origin and evolution,emphasize its new thinking on virtual-real duality and human-machine interaction,and introduce its new theory and technology based on parallel intelligence(PI),artificial societies,computational experiments,and parallel execution(the ACP method),and cyber-physical-social systems(CPSS).Case studies and applications of Industry 5.0 over the last decade have been briefly summarized and analyzed with suggestions for its future *** believe that Industry 5.0 of virtual-real interactive parallel industries has great potentials and is critical for building smart *** are outlined to ensure a roadmap that would lead to a smooth transition from CPS-based Industry 4.0 to CPSS-based Industry 5.0 for a better world which is Safe in physical spaces,S ecure in cyberspaces,Sustainable in ecology,Sensitive in individual privacy and rights,Service for all,and Smartness of all.

关键词： ACP artificial intelligence CPS CPSS Industry 4.0 Industry 5.0 parallel industries parallel intelligence

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PROSPECT: Precision Robot Spectroscopy Exploration and Characterization Tool

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Hanson, Nathaniel Lvov, Gary Rautela, Vedant Hibbard, Samuel Holand, Ethan DiMarzio, Charles Padır, Taşkın Institute for Experiential Robotics Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Northeastern University BostonMA United States Robotics Institute Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA United States Lincoln Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology LexingtonMA United States

Near Infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is widely used in industrial quality control and automation to test the purity and grade of items. In this research, we propose a novel sensorized end effector and acquisition strategy to capture spectral signatures from objects and register them with a 3D point cloud. Our methodology first takes a 3D scan of an object generated by a time-of-flight depth camera and decomposes the object into a series of planned viewpoints covering the surface. We generate motion plans for a robot manipulator and end-effector to visit these viewpoints while maintaining a fixed distance and surface normal. This process is enabled by the spherical motion of the end-effector and ensures maximal spectral signal quality. By continuously acquiring surface reflectance values as the end-effector scans the target object, the autonomous system develops a four-dimensional model of the target object: position in an R3 coordinate frame, and a reflectance vector denoting the associated spectral signature. We demonstrate this system in building spectral-spatial object profiles of increasingly complex geometries. We show the proposed system and spectral acquisition planning produce more consistent spectral signals than naïve point scanning strategies. Our work represents a significant step towards high-resolution spectral-spatial sensor fusion for automated quality assessment. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Infrared devices

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Consensus-Based Leader-Follower Formation Tracking for Control-Affine Nonlinear Multiagent systems

Consensus-Based Leader-Follower Formation Tracking for Contr...

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International Conference on Control, Decision and Information Technologies (CoDIT)

作者： Clinton Enwerem John S. Baras Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Institute for Systems Research University of Maryland College Park MD USA

In the typical multiagent formation tracking problem centered on consensus, the prevailing assumption in the literature is that the agents' nonlinear models can be approximated by integrator systems, by their feedback-linearized equivalents, or by dynamics composed of deterministic linear and nonlinear terms. The resulting approaches associated with such assumptions, however, are hardly applicable to general nonlinear systems. To this end, we present consensus-based control laws for multiagent formation tracking in finite-dimensional state space, with the agents represented by a more general class of dynamics: control-affine nonlinear systems. The agents also exchange information via a leader-follower communication topology modeled as an undirected and connected graph with a single leader node. By leveraging standard tools from algebraic graph theory and Lyapunov analysis, we first derive a locally asymptotically stabilizing formation tracking law. Next, to demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, we present results from numerical simulations of an example in robotics. These results - together with a comparison of the formation errors obtained with our approach and those realized via an optimization-based method - further validate our theoretical propositions.

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Learning Agent Interactions from Density Evolution in 3D Regions With Obstacles

Learning Agent Interactions from Density Evolution in 3D Reg...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

作者： Amoolya Tirumalai Christos N. Mavridis John S. Baras Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Institute for Systems Research University of Maryland College Park MD USA

In this work, we study the inverse problem of identifying complex flocking dynamics in a domain cluttered with obstacles. We get inspiration from animal flocks moving in complex ways with capabilities far beyond what current robots can do. Owing to the difficulty of observing and recovering the trajectories of the agents, we focus on the dynamics of their probability densities, which are governed by partial differential equations (PDEs), namely compressible Euler equations subject to non-local forces. We formulate the inverse problem of learning interactions as a PDE-constrained optimization problem of minimizing the squared Hellinger distance between the histogram of the flock and the distribution associated to our PDEs. The numerical methods used to efficiently solve the PDE-constrained optimization problem are described. Realistic flocking data are simulated using the Boids model of flocking agents, which differs in nature from the reconstruction models used in our PDEs. Our analysis and simulated experiments show that the behavior of cohesive flocks can be recovered accurately with approximate PDE solutions.

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MaxCUCL: Max−Consensus with Deterministic Convergence in Networks with Unreliable Communication Links

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Rikos, Apostolos I. Charalambous, Themistoklis Johansson, Karl H. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Division of Systems Engineering Boston University Boston United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Cyprus Nicosia Cyprus Division of Decision and Control Systems KTH Royal Institute of Technology also affiliated with Digital Futures StockholmSE-100 44 Sweden

In this paper, we present a novel distributed algorithm (herein called MaxCUCL) designed to guarantee that max−consensus is reached in networks characterized by unreliable communication links (i.e., links suffering from packet drops). Our proposed algorithm is the first algorithm that achieves max−consensus in a deterministic manner (i.e., nodes always calculate the maximum of their states regardless of the nature of the probability distribution of the packet drops). Furthermore, it allows nodes to determine whether convergence has been achieved (enabling them to transition to subsequent tasks). The operation of MaxCUCL relies on the deployment of narrowband error-free feedback channels used for acknowledging whether a packet transmission between nodes was successful. We analyze the operation of our algorithm and show that it converges after a finite number of time steps. Finally, we demonstrate our algorithm’s effectiveness and practical applicability by applying it to a sensor network deployed for environmental monitoring. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Probability distributions

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Data-Driven Human-Robot Interaction Without Velocity Measurement Using Off-Policy Reinforcement Learning

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2022年第1期9卷 47-63页

作者： Yongliang Yang Zihao Ding Rui Wang Hamidreza Modares Donald C.Wunsch Key Laboratory of Knowledge Automation for Industrial Processes Ministry of Education School of Automation&Electrical EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Automation Beijng Institute TechnologyBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Mechanical Engineering Department Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824 USA Department of Electrical&Computer Engineering Missouri University of Science&TechnologyRollaMO 65401 USA

In this paper,we present a novel data-driven design method for the human-robot interaction(HRI)system,where a given task is achieved by cooperation between the human and the *** presented HRI controller design is a two-level control design approach consisting of a task-oriented performance optimization design and a plant-oriented impedance controller *** task-oriented design minimizes the human effort and guarantees the perfect task tracking in the outer-loop,while the plant-oriented achieves the desired impedance from the human to the robot manipulator end-effector in the ***-driven reinforcement learning techniques are used for performance optimization in the outer-loop to assign the optimal impedance *** the inner-loop,a velocity-free filter is designed to avoid the requirement of end-effector velocity *** this basis,an adaptive controller is designed to achieve the desired impedance of the robot manipulator in the task *** simulation and experiment of a robot manipulator are conducted to verify the efficacy of the presented HRI design framework.

关键词： Adaptive impedance control data-driven method human-robot interaction(HRI) reinforcement learning velocity-free

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Carbon Nanotubes Enhancement of Fiber Bragg Grating Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor 25

Carbon Nanotubes Enhancement of Fiber Bragg Grating Surface ...

引用

25th International Electronics Symposium, IES 2023

作者： Thirunavakkarasu, Punithavathi Khan, Abdul Ali Shabaneh, Arafat Saidin, Norazlina Bte Sulaiman, Muhammad Syahnizam Noor, Ahmad Shukri Muhammad Universiti Kuala Lumpur Communication Technology Section British Malaysia Institute Gombak Malaysia Palastine Technical University-Kadoorie Department of Telecommunication Technology Engineering Tulkrarm Palestine International Islamic University Malaysia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Universiti Putra Malaysia Faculty of Engineering Department of Cmputer and Communication Systems Engineering Selangor Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350314731

In this research, a telecommunication standard fiber Bragg grating is sputtered with a 45 nm gold film to obtain surface plasmon resonance. Carbon nanotubes are deposited over the gold layer for sensitivity enhancement due to its unique chemical and optical properties. The developed sensor is interrogated with a broad-spectrum light source and spectrophotometer setup in the visible region and the sensing performance is analyzed. The sensor showed high sensitivity of 526 nm/RIU which was more than 4 time higher than a sensor without the carbon nanotubes enhancement. This shows great promise in the application of CNTs and possibly other sensitive nanomaterials as sensing enhancements of future sensing using optical fibers. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Surface plasmon resonance

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Bandwidth Provisioning for Network Slices with Per User QoS Guarantees

Bandwidth Provisioning for Network Slices with Per User QoS ...

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IEEE Symposium on Network Operations and Management

作者： Panagiotis Nikolaidis Asim Zoulkarni John Baras Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Institute for Systems Research University of Maryland College Park MD USA

A Network Slice (NS) is a set of network resources deployed to deliver premium service to a group of users as described in a Service Level Agreement (SLA). We consider that premium service entails per user Quality of Service (QoS) requirements instead of aggregate NS metrics as in the majority of the literature. Since the users in a NS may run applications with different QoS requirements, aggregate metrics are inadequate. Their inefficiency is even more pronounced in Radio Access Network Slices (RANSs). In this case, even if all users run the same application, provisioning bandwidth based on aggregate metrics may violate the QoS requirements of users experiencing poorer channel conditions. To resolve this issue, we propose a method to compute the bandwidth required to deliver per user average packet delay guarantees in enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) RANSs by dimensioning a multiclass queueing system. Our method considers a varying number of NS users over time and allows the online adaptation of the NS bandwidth to its current traffic load, which significantly limits bandwidth overprovisioning. We also describe in detail how an SLA is reached between the tenant and the Network Operator (NO) based on the cdf of the required NS bandwidth. We conduct simulations to show the need for per user guarantees and the efficiency of our method.

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Recycled silicon solar cell-derived nanostructured p-black silicon device for high performance NO₂ gas sensor applications

RSC Applied Interfaces

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RSC Applied Interfaces 2024年第1期2卷 220-229页

作者： Aleem, Mahaboobbatcha Vishnuraj, Ramakrishnan Pullithadathil, Biji Nanosensors & Clean Energy Laboratory Department of Chemistry & Nanoscience and Technology PSG Institute of Advanced Studies Coimbatore 641 India Advanced Self-Powered Systems of Integrated Sensors and Technology Center Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh 27695 NC United States Center of Excellence in Advanced Materials and Green Technologies Amrita School of Engineering Coimbatore Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham India Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Amrita School of Engineering Coimbatore Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham India

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is a toxic gas that can cause respiratory problems, and sensing its presence is crucial for environmental monitoring and industrial safety. This investigation presents a novel approach towards s...

Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) is a toxic gas that can cause respiratory problems, and sensing its presence is crucial for environmental monitoring and industrial safety. This investigation presents a novel approach towards sensing NO₂ gas by utilizing partially completed/recycled silicon solar cells employing a metal-assisted etching process to fabricate a high-performance p-black-silicon based sensor. Structural and morphological analyses using X-ray diffraction patterns, Raman spectroscopy and cross sectional FESEM characterization confirm the integrity of the p-B-silicon sensor. By combining recycling techniques with advanced fabrication methods, the resulting sensor exhibits exceptional sensitivity, a low detection limit of 1 ppm, and rapid response times (12-14 s) when exposed to NO₂ gas concentrations ranging from 1 to 5 ppm. The enhanced sensitivity is attributed to the unique nanostructured comb-like morphology of the sensor material, which facilitates fast charge transport mechanisms, and a plausible sensing mechanism has been proposed and explained using a depletion model diagram and energy model diagram. This eco-friendly and cost-effective solution not only addresses electronic waste concerns but also highlights the potential of sustainable practices in scientific research. The findings emphasize on the importance of environmental consciousness and innovation, showcasing a promising future for gas sensing technology. By utilizing recycled materials and advanced fabrication techniques, this study contributes to the development of efficient, eco-friendly sensors for environmental monitoring applications, paving the way for a more sustainable and technologically advanced future in the field of gas sensors. © 2025 RSC.

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As an AI Language Model, "Yes I Would Recommend Calling the Police": Norm Inconsistency in LLM Decision-Making 24

As an AI Language Model, "Yes I Would Recommend Calling the ...

引用

Proceedings of the 2024 AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society

作者： Shomik Jain D. Calacci Ashia Wilson Institute for Data Systems and Society Massachusetts Institute of Technology College of Information Sciences and Technology Penn State University Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology

We investigate the phenomenon of norm inconsistency: where LLMs apply different norms in similar situations. Specifically, we focus on the high-risk application of deciding whether to call the police in Amazon Ring home surveillance videos. We evaluate the decisions of three state-of-the-art LLMs - GPT-4, Gemini 1.0, and Claude 3 Sonnet - in relation to the activities portrayed in the videos, the subjects' skin-tone and gender, and the characteristics of the neighborhoods where the videos were recorded. Our analysis reveals significant norm inconsistencies: (1) a discordance between the recommendation to call the police and the actual presence of criminal activity, and (2) biases influenced by the racial demographics of the neighborhoods. These results highlight the arbitrariness of model decisions in the surveillance context and the limitations of current bias detection and mitigation strategies in normative decision-making.

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