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IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Communication (ROMAN)

作者： Ricardo Pereira Aniana Cruz Luís Garrote Gabriel Pires Ana Lopes Urbano J. Nunes Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Institute of Systems and Robotics University of Coimbra Portugal Polytechnic Institute of Tomar Portugal

ISBN: (数字)9781728188591

ISBN: (纸本)9781665406802

Visual user interface paradigms are one of the key modules for brain-actuated wheelchairs, which are a class of promising assistive devices that can increase the autonomy and mobility of people suffering from severe motor impairments. This work proposes a Dynamic Environment-based Visual Interface System (DEVIS) for intuitive navigation target selection for brain-actuated wheelchairs. It is composed of a novel Dynamic Visual Interface (DVI), an RGB image-based perception module (indoor scene classification, object detection and classification, and object tracking), and a P300-based BCI. The DVI displays potential navigation goals in three forms of visual cues: an RGB camera image streaming with object bounding boxes overlaid on objects detected and tracked, three global points of interest (indoor places), and two static commands. Hence, the DVI allows a user to select, through the P300-based BCI, navigation targets/commands that are flashing independently and randomly to create an oddball paradigm. Experimental evaluations were carried out in a dynamic setting with 5 participants, who were asked to select targets displayed in the DVI. The dynamic setting was obtained using RGB image sequences of the isr-RGB-D Dataset, which represents a mission performed by a mobile robotic platform. The target selection was performed through a P300-based BCI, using non-self-paced and self-paced modalities. The obtained results show that the proposed DEVIS can run in real-time and that users are able to correctly select targets with high BCI accuracy rates.

关键词： Visualization Target tracking Navigation Wheelchairs User interfaces Streaming media Real-time systems

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Neural-iLQR: A Learning-Aided Shooting Method for Trajectory Optimization

Neural-iLQR: A Learning-Aided Shooting Method for Trajectory...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on robotics and Biomimetics, ROBIO 2023

作者： Cheng, Zilong Li, Yulin Chen, Kai Duan, Jianghua Ma, Jun Lee, Tong Heng National University of Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Singapore The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Hong Kong The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Division of Emerging Interdisciplinary Areas Hong Kong Robotics and Autonomous Systems Thrust Guangzhou China Hkust Shenzhen-Hong Kong Collaborative Innovation Research Institute Shenzhen China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350325706

Iterative linear quadratic regulator (iLQR) has gained wide popularity in addressing trajectory optimization problems with nonlinear system models. However, as a model-based shooting method, it relies heavily on an accurate system model to update the optimal control actions and the trajectory determined with forward integration, thus becoming vulnerable to inevitable model inaccuracies. Recently, substantial research efforts in learning-based methods for optimal control problems have been progressing significantly in addressing unknown system models, particularly when the system has complex interactions with the environment. Yet an incremental machine learning method or a deep neural network is normally required to fit a substantial scale of sampling motion data. Existing works mainly focus on capturing the whole picture of the motion pattern from trial data (which is essentially noisy and hard to identify with any simple predefined structures) for complex robot systems. Instead, we present Neural-iLQR, a learning-aided shooting method over the unconstrained control space, in which a neural network with a simple structure is used to drive the optimization process towards optimal direction. Through comprehensive evaluations on two illustrative control tasks using three different kinds of lightweight network structures, the proposed method is shown to outperform the conventional iLQR significantly with fast and continuous cost convergence in the presence of inaccuracies in system models, which demonstrates the generalizability and robustness of the proposed learning-aided method. © 2023 IEEE.

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Compensation Control of PMSMs Based on a High-order Sliding Mode Observer with Inertia Identification

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IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics 2025年

作者： Li, Ke Ding, Jie Sun, Xiaodong Lei, Gang Dianov, Anton Demidova, Galina Prakht, Vladimir Jiangsu University School of Electrical and Information Engineering Zhenjiang212013 China Jiangsu University Automotive Engineering Research Institute Zhenjiang212013 China University of Technology Sydney School of Electrical and Data Engineering NSW2007 Australia Wenzhou University Pingyang Institute of Intelligent Manufacturing Wenzhou325035 China ITMO University Faculty of Control Systems and Robotics Petersburg197101 Russia Ural Federal University Department of Electrical Engineering Ekaterinburg620062 Russia

This article proposes a new sliding mode control (NSMC) reaching law to improve the speed tracking and anti-interference performance of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs). The NSMC improves the sliding mode control (SMC) in approaching speed and reducing chattering. Firstly, considering that the external load interference will adversely affect the control system, a high-order sliding mode observer (HOSMO) is designed to observe the load torque, and the observed value is compensated to the output of the speed controller. Then, combined with the Landau algorithm, a variable adaptive gain algorithm is introduced to decrease the impact of inertia mismatch on the system control performance. The algorithm identifies the rotational inertia online, reduces the effect of load disturbance on the identification performance, and updates the identification results to the observation in processors and controllers. Experimental results show that the proposed control method reduces the speed and current fluctuations of the system when load torque and inertia vary and improves the system's robustness. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Permanent magnets

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Replacing Gallium Oxide shell with conductive Ag: Toward printable and recyclable composite for highly stretchable electronics, electromagnetic shielding, and thermal interfaces

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Hajalilou, Abdollah Parvini, Elahe Morgado, Tiago A. Lopes, Pedro Alhais Jorge, M. Estrela Melo Freitas, Marta Tavakoli, Mahmoud Institute of Systems and Robotics Department of Electrical Engineering University of Coimbra Coimbra3030-290 Portugal Instituto de Telecomunicações Department of Electrical Engineering University of Coimbra Coimbra3030-290 Portugal Faculdade de Ciências Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa1749-016 Portugal

Liquid metal (LM)-based composites hold promise for soft electronics due to their high conductivity and fluidic nature. However, the presence of α-Ga2O3 and GaOOH layers around LM droplets impairs conductivity and performance. We tackle this issue by replacing the oxide layer with conductive silver (Ag) using an ultrasonic-assisted galvanic replacement reaction. The Ag-coated nanoparticles form aggregated, porous microparticles that are mixed with Styrene-Isoprene-Styrene (SIS) polymers, resulting in a digitally printable composite with superior electrical conductivity and electromechanical properties compared to conventional fillers. Adding more LM enhances these properties further. The composite achieves EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) exceeding 75 dB in the X-band frequency range, even at 200% strain, meeting stringent military and medical standards. It is applicable in wireless communications, Bluetooth signal blocking, and as a thermal interface material (TIM). Additionally, we highlight its recyclability using a biodegradable solvent, underscoring its eco-friendly potential. This composite represents a significant advancement in stretchable electronics and EMI shielding, with implications for wearable and bioelectronic applications. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Electromagnetic shielding

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IMPS: Informative Map Point Selection for Visual-Inertial SLAM

IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles

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IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles 2024年第9期9卷 5595-5605页

作者： Changxiang Liu Hongshan Yu Qiang Fu Xieyuanli Chen Naveed Akhtar Zhi-Hong Mao College of Electrical and Information Engineering School of Robotics Quanzhou Institute of Industrial Design and Machine Intelligence Innovation Hunan University Changsha China National University of Defense Technology Changsha China School of Computing and Information Systems University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA

Visual-inertial SLAM (VINS) stands at the forefront of advancements in computer vision, robotics, and autonomous driving, revolutionizing the way we perceive and navigate the world. The typical approach in optimization-based methods for VINS is to estimate camera poses by minimizing the reprojection errors of all corresponding map points. However, not all map points are suitable for accurate pose estimation. Some map points introduce noise and can compromise the accuracy of the estimation. Current methods primarily focus on removing 2D noise points, which proves to be ineffective since triangulation can increase the uncertainty of map points. To address this problem, we propose a new method for Informative Map Point Selection (IMPS) in VINS systems. IMPS identifies the most informative map points by utilizing mutual and geometric information as the optimization target. We integrate IMPS into a VINS system and evaluate its performance using publicly available EuRoC, TUM and M2DGR datasets, as well as our own data. Experimental results demonstrate that our method surpasses existing VINS methods and achieves state-of-the-art pose estimation performance. Importantly, IMPS functions as an independent module with strong generalization capabilities, allowing for easy integration into other VINS systems and enhancing pose estimation performance. This integration not only elevates pose estimation accuracy but also holds great promise for advancing applications in intelligent driving and unmanned systems.

关键词： Simultaneous localization and mapping Optimization Cameras Pose estimation Robots Mutual information Intelligent vehicles

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Learning optimal controllers: a dynamical motion primitive approach

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2023年第2期56卷 4776-4782页

作者： Hugo T.M. Kussaba Abdalla Swikir Fan Wu Anastasija Demerdjieva Gitta Kutyniok Sami Haddadin Chair of Robotics and Systems Intelligence Munich Institute of Robotics and Machine Intelligence Technical University of Munich Germany Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Omar Al-Mukhtar University Libya Mathematical Institute Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich Germany Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop (CeTI) Germany

Real-time computation of optimal control is a challenging problem and, to solve this difficulty, many frameworks proposed to use learning techniques to learn (possibly sub-optimal) controllers and enable their usage in an online fashion. Among these techniques, the optimal motion framework is a simple, yet powerful technique, that obtained success in many complex real-world applications. The main idea of this approach is to take advantage of dynamic motion primitives, a widely used tool in robotics to learn trajectories from demonstrations. While usually these demonstrations come from humans, the optimal motion framework is based on demonstrations coming from optimal solutions, such as the ones obtained by numeric solvers. As usual in many learning techniques, a drawback of this approach is that it is hard to estimate the suboptimality of learned solutions, since finding easily computable and non-trivial upper bounds to the error between an optimal solution and a learned solution is, in general, unfeasible. However, we show in this paper that it is possible to estimate this error for a broad class of problems. Furthermore, we apply this estimation technique to achieve a novel and more efficient sampling scheme to be used within the optimal motion framework, enabling the usage of this framework in some scenarios where the computational resources are limited.

关键词： Real-time optimal control Learning from control Autonomous robotic systems

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Biodegradable Gliding Paper Flyers Fabricated Through Inkjet Printing

Biodegradable Gliding Paper Flyers Fabricated Through Inkjet...

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IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and systems (IROS)

作者： Luca Girardi Rui Wu Yuki Fukatsu Hiroki Shigemune Stefano Mintchev Department of Environmental Systems Science Environmental Robotics Laboratory ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape Research (WSL) Birmensdorf Switzerland Department of Electrical Engineering Shibaura Institute of Technology Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (数字)9798350377705

ISBN: (纸本)9798350377712

Seed-inspired minimalist microflyers are showing potential as dispersal platforms for sensor networks and seeds. Their function relies on the sheer number of low-cost flyers, inevitably raising concerns about the post-operation environmental impact. We propose a biodegradable paper glider platform fabricated through origami inkjet printing. This method can fold origami along printing patterns on different paper varieties. We created a printing pattern that allows 2D paper sheets to self-fold into a 3D flying wing glider with designable wing geometry and center of gravity (CG). The design allows stable and repeatable gliding behavior, proven in our gliding tests. It successfully achieves the dispersal of multiple gliders from a hovering drone, covering an average horizontal distance larger than the release height. We also tested the biodegradation of different paper types compatible with the printing method, showing near-complete degradation after 15 weeks in moist soil. Our study presents a novel, potentially scalable approach for fabricating environmentally friendly microflyers, offering new avenues for remote environmental sensing and automated forest restoration programs.

关键词： Geometry Atmospheric modeling Forestry Aerodynamics Three-dimensional printing Stability analysis Ink jet printing Seeds (agriculture) Thermal stability Paints

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ORCHNet: A Robust Global Feature Aggregation approach for 3D LiDAR-based Place recognition in Orchards

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Barros, T. Garrote, L. Conde, P. Coombes, M.J. Liu, C. Premebida, C. Nunes, U.J. The University of Coimbra Institute of Systems and Robotics Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Portugal The Dept. of Aeronautical and Automotive Engineering LUCAS Lab. Loughborough University United Kingdom

Robust and reliable place recognition and loop closure detection in agricultural environments is still an open problem. In particular, orchards are a difficult case study due to structural similarity across the entire field. In this work, we address the place recognition problem in orchards resorting to 3D LiDAR data, which is considered a key modality for robustness. Hence, we propose ORCHNet, a deep-learning-based approach that maps 3D-LiDAR scans to global descriptors. Specifically, this work proposes a new global feature aggregation approach, which fuses multiple aggregation methods into a robust global descriptor. ORCHNet is evaluated on real-world data collected in orchards, comprising data from the summer and autumn seasons. To assess the robustness, We compare ORCHNet with state-of-the-art aggregation approaches on data from the same season and across seasons. Moreover, we additionally evaluate the proposed approach as part of a localization framework, where ORCHNet is used as a loop closure detector. The empirical results indicate that, on the place recognition task, ORCHNet outperforms the remaining approaches, and is also more robust across seasons. As for the localization, the edge cases where the path goes through the trees are solved when integrating ORCHNet as a loop detector, showing the potential applicability of the proposed approach in this task. The code will be publicly available at:https://***/Cybonic/***. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Orchards

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Adaptive Fuzzy Generalized Predictive Control of pH in Tubular Photobioreactors on Microalgae Plant

Adaptive Fuzzy Generalized Predictive Control of pH in Tubul...

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On-Line Conference (ONCON), Industrial Electronics Society Annual

作者： Mafalda Amaro Jérôme Mendes Tiago Matias Rui Araújo Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Institute of Systems and Robotics University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal Department of Mechanical Engineering CEMMPRE ARISE University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal Oncontrol Technologies Coimbra Portugal

Culture conditions in a photobioreactor on a microalgae plant are essential for production rates, and the pH value is one of the critical variables for a harmonizing process. However, the biological nature of microalgae growth represents a complex reaction that is arduous to model and control. This work proposes an approach of the application of adaptive identification and predictive control to regulate the pH in a photobioreactor in a microalgae production system. The proposed approach is composed of two main stages: identification and control. The identification is performed by a Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model, which will be learned with an offline strategy, by Fuzzy c-means, for the antecedent part, and by the Least Squares Method (LSM), for the consequent part. Then, the model is updated with an online method, the Recursive Least Squares with Adaptive Directional Forgetting (RLS-ADF) factor algorithm. The control scheme is based on a Generalized Predictive Control approach, which is a Model Predictive Controller (MPC), with the adaptive T-S fuzzy model designed in the identification stage. In this way, the model parameters from GPC are online adapted by RLS-ADF. To validate the control structure, the proposed approach was tested by using an estimated model from real data of a microalgae production process.

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Self-Organized Sensor Eggs for Decentralized Localization and Sensing on Vulcano Island – A Glimpse into Future Space Exploration with Swarms

Self-Organized Sensor Eggs for Decentralized Localization an...

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International Conference on Information Fusion

作者： Fabio Broghammer Thomas Wiedemann Siwei Zhang Armin Dammann Christian Gentner Petar Djuric Institute of Communications and Navigation German Aerospace Center (DLR) Germany Perception for Intelligent Systems Munich Institute of Robotics and Machine Intelligence TU Munich Germany Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Stony Brook University USA

ISBN: (数字)9781737749769

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371420

Robotic swarms or portable sensor networks are emerging technologies for sensing physical processes that are spatially distributed- and temporally dynamic, both on Earth and in future Moon/Mars exploration missions. We develop a portable network composed of a multitude of self-organized “sensor eggs”. These eggs are equipped with ultra-wideband (UWB) transceivers, providing precise time and position information without additional infrastructures like Global Navigation Satellite systems (GNSSs). Each egg is additionally equipped with environmental sensors, for example, a Sulfur dioxide gas sensor to explore volcanic activity. We use a real time decentralized particle filter (DPF) to estimate the a-posteriori probability density functions (PDFs) of the egg positions. These PDFs are then used in a static state binary Bayes filter for estimating the gas sources with potentially complex structures such as cracks on the volcano surface. The proposed sensor network is verified with an in-field experiment at La Fossa volcano on the island of Vulcano, Italy, in 2023.

关键词： Location awareness Volcanic activity Probability density function Robot sensing systems Particle filters Transceivers Sensors Timing Surface cracks Ultra wideband technology

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