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Sparse Crowd Flow Analysis of Tawaaf of Kaaba During the COVID-19 Pandemic

computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第6期71卷 5581-5601页

作者： Durr-e-Nayab Ali Mustafa Qamar Rehan Ullah Khan Waleed Albattah Khalil Khan Shabana Habib Muhammad Islam Department of Computer Systems Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyPeshawarPakistan Department of Computer Science College of ComputerQassim UniversityBuraydahSaudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of ComputerQassim UniversityBuraydahSaudi Arabia Department of Information Technology and Computer Science Pak-Austria FachhochschuleInstitute of Applied Sciences and TechnologyHaripurPakistan Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering and Information TechnologyOnaizah CollegesAl-QassimSaudi Arabia

The advent of the COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected the entire world and has put forth high demand for techniques that remotely manage crowd-related *** surveillance and crowd management using video analysis techniques have significantly impacted today’s research,and numerous applications have been developed in this *** research proposed an anomaly detection technique applied to Umrah videos in Kaaba during the COVID-19 pandemic through sparse crowd *** theKaaba rituals is crucial since the crowd gathers from around the world and requires proper analysis during these days of the *** Umrah videos are analyzed,and a system is devised that can track and monitor the crowd flow in *** crowd in these videos is sparse due to the pandemic,and we have developed a technique to track the maximum crowd flow and detect any object(person)moving in the direction unlikely of the major *** have detected abnormal movement by creating the histograms for the vertical and horizontal flows and applying thresholds to identify the non-majority *** algorithm aims to analyze the crowd through video surveillance and timely detect any abnormal activity tomaintain a smooth crowd flowinKaaba during the pandemic.

关键词： computer vision COVID sparse crowd crowd analysis flow analysis sparse crowd management tawaaf video analysis video processing

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A Comparative Analysis of SiC MOSFET Performance in a Traction Inverter 20

A Comparative Analysis of SiC MOSFET Performance in a Tracti...

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20th IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and systems and IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Postgraduate Research in Microelectronics Electronics, APCCAS and PrimeAsia 2024

作者： Wu, Chih-Chiang Rout, Uma Sankar Wang, Yu-Long Lin, Yi-Ling Hu, Jwu-Sheng National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science Taiwan Industrial Technology Research Institute Mechanical and Mechatronics Systems Research Laboratories Hsinchu Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350378771

This study rigorously tests and verifies silicon carbide (SiC) power modules within a developed 800 V electric vehicle traction inverter. SiC traction inverters offer high efficiency, power density, and compact size. The developed SiCbased traction inverter is thoroughly evaluated on the established platform with various switching frequency, achieving a peak drive efficiency exceeding 98% at 6 kHz and a power density of 50 kW/L. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Power MOSFET

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Approaching Test Time Augmentation in the Context of Uncertainty Calibration for Deep Neural Networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Conde, Pedro Barros, Tiago Lopes, Rui L. Premebida, Cristiano Nunes, Urbano J. The Institute of Systems and Robotics Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Coimbra Portugal Critical Software South Africa

With the rise of Deep Neural Networks, machine learning systems are nowadays ubiquitous in a number of real-world applications, which bears the need for highly reliable models. This requires a thorough look not only at the accuracy of such systems, but also at their predictive uncertainty. Hence, we propose a novel technique (with two different variations, named M-ATTA and V-ATTA) based on test time augmentation, to improve the uncertainty calibration of deep models for image classification. By leveraging an adaptive weighting system, M/V-ATTA improves uncertainty calibration without affecting the model’s accuracy. The performance of these techniques is evaluated by considering diverse metrics related to uncertainty calibration, demonstrating their robustness. Empirical results, obtained on CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, Aerial Image Dataset, as well as in two different scenarios under distribution-shift, indicate that the proposed methods outperform several state-of-the-art post-hoc calibration techniques. Furthermore, the methods proposed also show improvements in terms of predictive entropy on out-of-distribution samples. Code for M/V-ATTA available at: https://***/pedrormconde/MV-ATTA Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Calibration

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Optimal Access Point Centric Clustering for Cell-Free Massive MIMO Using Gaussian Mixture Model Clustering

IEEE Transactions on Machine Learning in Communications and ...

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IEEE Transactions on Machine Learning in Communications and Networking 2024年 2卷 675-687页

作者： Biswas, Pialy Mallik, Ranjan K. Letaief, Khaled B. Technische Universität Dresden Vodafone Chair Mobile Communications Systems Dresden01062 Germany Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Department of Electrical Engineering New Delhi Hauz Khas110016 India The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering New Territories Hong Kong

This paper proposes a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) based access point (AP) clustering technique in cell-free massive MIMO (CFMM) communication systems. The APs are first clustered on the basis of large-scale fading coefficients, and the users are assigned to each cluster depending on the channel gain. As the number of clusters increases, there is a degradation in the overall data rate of the system, causing a trade-off between the cluster number and average rate per user. To address this problem, we present an optimization problem that optimizes both the upper bound on the average downlink rate per user and the number of clusters. The optimal number of clusters is intuitively determined by solving the optimization problem, and then grouping the APs and users. As a result, the computation expense is much lower than the current techniques, since the existing methods require evaluations of the network performance in multiple iterations to find the optimal number of clusters. In addition, we analyze the performance of both balanced and unbalanced clustering. Numerical results will indicate that the unbalanced clustering yields a superior rate per user while maintaining a lower level of complexity compared to the balanced one. Furthermore, we investigate the statistical analysis of the spectral efficiency (SE) per user in the clustered CFMM. The findings reveal that the SE per user can be approximated by the logistic distribution. © 2023 CCBY.

关键词： Fading channels

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Experimental observation of coherent-perfect-absorber and laser points in anti-PT symmetry

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Physical Review A 2024年第3期110卷 033504页

作者： Minye Yang Qi Zhong Zhilu Ye Şahin K. Özdemir Mohamed Farhat Ramy El-Ganainy Pai-Yen Chen State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering School of Electronic Science and Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics The Materials Research Institute Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division Department of Physics Henes Center for Quantum Phenomena

The coexistence of coherent perfect absorber and laser or amplifier (CPAL) point is a peculiar spectral singularity associated with the scattering matrices of non-Hermitian systems. While the potential of CPAL systems for sensing application has been highlighted recently, the extreme sensitivity of parity-time (PT)-symmetric CPAL devices to the input signal deviations has so far impeded their practical utilization. Here we explore a strategy for implementing CPAL circuits by exploiting another type of non-Hermitian symmetry, namely anti-PT (APT) symmetry. We demonstrate that the condition for building CPAL in our proposed APT-symmetric electronic circuits additionally requires parity symmetry, which simplifies the circuit design and implementation. Additionally, we show that this newly proposed structure is 1.85 times more robust compared to previous CPAL devices studied in the literature.

关键词： Noise Quantum sensing Non-Hermitian systems PT-symmetry

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Probabilistic Tube-based Control Synthesis of Stochastic Multi-Agent systems under Signal Temporal Logic 63

Probabilistic Tube-based Control Synthesis of Stochastic Mul...

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63rd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, CDC 2024

作者： Vlahakis, Eleftherios E. Lindemann, Lars Sopasakis, Pantelis Dimarogonas, Dimos V. Kth Royal Institute of Technology Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Stockholm10044 Sweden University of Southern California Viterbi School of Engineering Department of Computer Science Los AngelesCA90089 United States Queen's University School of Electronics Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Northern Ireland Belfast United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316339

We consider the control design of stochastic discrete-time linear multi-agent systems (MASs) under a global signal temporal logic (STL) specification to be satisfied at a predefined probability. By decomposing the dynamics into deterministic and error components, we construct a probabilistic reachable tube (PRT) as the Cartesian product of reachable sets of the individual error systems driven by disturbances lying in confidence regions (CRs) with a fixed probability. By bounding the PRT probability with the specification probability, we tighten all state constraints induced by the STL specification by solving tractable optimization problems over segments of the PRT, and relax the underlying stochastic problem with a deterministic one. This approach reduces conservatism compared to tightening guided by the STL structure. Additionally, we propose a recursively feasible algorithm to attack the resulting problem by decomposing it into agent-level subproblems, which are solved iteratively according to a scheduling policy. We demonstrate our method on a ten-agent system, where existing approaches are impractical. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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Distributed Nash equilibrium for pursuit-evasion game with one evader and multiple pursuers

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年

作者： Libing WANG Zhixin LIU Shuo YUAN Zhiqiang PU Key Laboratory of Systems and Control Academy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences School of Mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Wayne State University Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences

This paper investigates the pursuit-evasion problem involving one evader and multiple pursuers with limited sensing capability, where the evader tries to maximize the distance with the pursuers, while the pursuers have different objectives based on whether they can receive the information of the evader. The subgroup of pursuers who can observe the evader(called leaders) tries to be close to the evader, and the other subgroup of pursuers(called followers) tries to synchronize with their neighbors. When the subgraph formed by all leaders is complete, sufficient conditions are given to guarantee that the pursuers capture the evader and the pursuit-evasion game composed of the evader and leaders reaches Nash equilibrium. Furthermore, for the incomplete subgraph case, the distributed observers are proposed to estimate the relative positions between the evader and all leaders. It is shown that the distributed control strategy based on the observers converges exponentially to the Nash equilibrium solution, and makes the pursuers capture the evader. Finally, simulation examples are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategies.

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Designing Carbon Policy with Profit-Maximising Energy Storage 58

Designing Carbon Policy with Profit-Maximising Energy Storag...

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58th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, HICSS 2025

作者： Siddiqui, Afzal S. Sioshansi, Ramteen Department of Computer & Systems Sciences Stockholm University Sweden Department of Mathematics & Systems Analysis Aalto University Finland Department of Engineering & Public Policy Carnegie Mellon Electricity Industry Center United States Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Wilton E. Scott Institute for Energy Innovation Carnegie Mellon University United States Department of Integrated Systems Engineering The Ohio State University United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780998133188

We examine carbon-policy design for a power system with energy storage as well as renewable and fossil-fuelled generation. A central-planning solution internalises the environmental externality of CO2 emissions and curbs fossil-fuelled generation in proportion to the marginal cost of damage. By contrast, a decentralised solution leads to a bi-level setup-an upper-level welfare-maximising policymaker sets a CO2 tax to impose upon lower-level profit-maximising generators. For completely efficient storage, an optimal CO2 tax in this bi-level setting renders the first-best outcome. However, with inefficient storage, an infinitesimal increase in the CO2 tax induces prices to increase at the same rate. As a result, storage shifts energy to the off-peak period to offset the loss in the value of stored energy. Hence, relative to the marginal cost of damage from emissions under central planning, the optimal CO2 tax for the decentralised case is lower and may be nonmonotonic in energy storage's inefficiency. © 2025 IEEE computer Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： Coal storage

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Application of Deep Learning Method to Estimate Bottomhole Pressure Dynamics of Oil Wells 32

Application of Deep Learning Method to Estimate Bottomhole P...

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32nd IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, ISIE 2023

作者： Cheng, Haibo Li, Shichao Zeng, Peng Vyatkin, Valeriy State Key Laboratory of Robotics Shenyang Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China Key Laboratory of Networked Control Systems Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China Institutes for Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China Luleå University of Technology Electrical and Space Engineering Department of Computer Science Luleå Sweden Aalto University Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation Helsinki Finland

ISBN: (纸本)9798350399714

Surrogate models, which have become an effective and popular method to close loop reservoir management problems, use a data-driven approach to predict dynamic injection and production wells parameters and optimize waterflooding development. In this study, a deep learning-based surrogate model method is proposed to estimate bottomhole pressure (BHP) of production wells in waterflooding reservoirs. Bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) network, as an efficient deep learning approach, is applied to BHP estimation using fluctuation data. Extended Fourier amplitude sensitivity test (EFAST) method is employed to analyse the influence of different input factors on BHP dynamics, and a reduced dataset is rebuilt to predict BHP parameter based on BiLSTM-EFAST algorithm. The estimation results are tested on a dataset from Volve oilfield in North Sea, and compared with other deep learning methods. The test results indicate that the proposed method can achieve higher prediction accuracy. A reduced dataset-based approach provides a new attempt to reduce model complexity and improve calculation speed for big data-driven surrogate model in oil and gas industry. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Long short-term memory

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Dead-time Compensation Method for Bus-clamping Modulated Voltage Source Inverter

Dead-time Compensation Method for Bus-clamping Modulated Vol...

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2023 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2023

作者： Ghaderloo, Reza Asrar Shen, Yidi Singhabahu, Chanaka Resalayyan, Rakesh Khaligh, Alireza University of Maryland Maryland Power Electronics Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The Institute for Systems Research College ParkMD20742 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316445

Bus-clamping Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) is an effective method to reduce the switching loss in a three-phase voltage source inverter (VSI). In bus-clamping PWM scheme, the phase legs are switched using high frequency PWM signals for two-third of the line cycle, while for the remaining duration of cycle, the pole voltage is clamped to either positive or negative rail of the DC bus. In PWM operation of a half bridge, a dead-time is applied between the gate signals of complementary switches to ensure safe and reliable operation. However, introduction of dead-time leads to poor power quality, increased Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) and variation in actual voltage compared to the intended pole voltage. Moreover, when the bus-clamping technique is used, the PWM has both high frequency switching region and clamped region in a line cycle, and consequently, the undesired effects of dead-time are further aggravated. Therefore, in order to enhance the quality of output voltage, this paper presents a dead-time compensation strategy for a VSI operating with bus-clamping PWM. The proposed method calculates the required compensation term to be added on the modulation signal considering wide range of operating conditions. Additionally, the compensation includes a new strategy for low current conditions near zero-crossing to avoid distortion. The proposed method is verified by simulation and experiments in a three-phase VSI with a switching frequency of 100 kHz and a fundamental frequency of 60Hz. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Bus-clamping Dead-time Pulse-width Modulation Voltage Source Inverter

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