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5th IEEE Research and Applications of Photonics in Defense Conference, RAPID 2022

作者： Horton, Chad L. Kuebler, Stephen M. Martinez, Manuel Bustamante, Edgar Rumpf, Raymond C. Touma, Jimmy University of Central Florida Chemistry Department OrlandoFL32816 United States Creol The College of Optics and Photonics Chemistry Department University of Central Florida Department of Materials Science and Engineering OrlandoFL32816 United States University of Texas at El Paso Em Lab Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering El PasoTX79968 United States University of Texas at El Paso Em Lab Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Computational Science Program El PasoTX79968 United States AFRL/Munitions Directorate Integrated Sensing and Processing Branch Eglin AFB FL32542 United States

A metalens with a hexagonal array of intersecting-wall meta-atoms was designed for operation at a wavelength of 1.550 μm with a new meta-optics design tool (MODT) and fabricated in the photopolymer IP-Dip by multi-ph... 详细信息

ISBN: (数字)9781665402231

ISBN: (纸本)9781665402231

关键词： Photons

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Freeze-dried jaboticaba(Myrciaria jaboticaba)peel powder,a rich source of anthocyanins and phenolic acids,mitigates inflammation-driven colorectal cancer in mice

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Food Bioscience 2023年第3期53卷 1060-1071页

作者： Roberto de Paula do Nascimento Julia Soto Rizzato Gabriele Polezi Amanda Maria Tomazini Munhoz Moya Milena Ferreira Silva Ana Paula da Fonseca Machado Gilberto Carlos Franchi Junior Renata Galhardo Borguini Manuela Cristina Pessanha de Araújo Santiago Ana Paula Ribeiro Paiotti JoséAires Pereira Carlos Augusto Real Martinez Mario Roberto Marostica Junior Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism(LANUM) Department of Food Science and Nutrition(DECAN)School of Food Engineering(FEA)University of Campinas(UNICAMP)CampinasSPBrazil Laboratory of Food Nutritionand HealthDepartment of Food Science and Nutrition(DECAN)School of Food Engineering(FEA)University of Campinas(UNICAMP)CampinasSPBrazil Laboratory of Cellular and Behavioral Pharmacology Federal University of São Paulo(UNIFESP)Diadema CampusDiademaSPBrazil Integrated Research Center for Onco-Hematological Childhood Diseases School of Medical Sciences(FCM)University of Campinas(UNICAMP)CampinasSPBrazil Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation(EMBRAPA) Embrapa Food TechnologyRio de JaneiroRJBrazil Laboratory of Hepatology Molecular Applied-Discipline of GastroenterologyFederal University of S˜ao Paulo(UNIFESP)S˜ao Paulo CampusS˜ao PauloSPBrazil Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences S˜ao Francisco University(USF)Bragança Paulista CampusBragança PaulistaSPBrazil

This study aimed to characterize the peel of jaboticaba(Myrciaria jaboticaba(Vell.)***)by spectropho-tometry and chromatography,and investigate its effects on mice with inflammation-driven colorectal cancer(CRC).Freeze-dried jaboticaba peel(FDJP)showed a high antioxidant capacity in vitro,and to be mostly a source of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside,gallic acid,and ellagic *** the animal bioassay,FDJP added at 5%in the diet during 114 days completely abolished the formation of adenocarcinoma,which had an incidence of 75%in the non-treated *** consuming FDJP showed low histology damage regarding inflammatory infiltrate,edema,and crypt *** significantly reduced the colonic levels of proinflammatory markers interleukin-1beta and cyclooxygenase-2,and demonstrated a probability to decrease the expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase and nuclear factor kappa *** summary,FDJP mitigated CRC,possibly by avoiding trig-gering *** benefit may come from its rich content in anthocyanins and phenolic acids.

关键词： Brazil Carcinogenesis Colitis Cyanidin-3-O-Glucoside Flavonoid Fruit

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The Impact of Greening Strategies on Temperature Reduction at Bus Stop Utilizing Computational Fluid Dynamics (Cfd) Analysis

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Kim, Na Youn Kim, Eun Sub Yun, Seokhwan Lee, Dong Kun Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural System Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program in Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Integrated Major in Smart City Global Convergence Program Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Specialized Graduate School of Intelligent Eco-Science 4 Dept. of Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of

This study analyzed the effectiveness of a vegetation strategy for mitigating heat within a bus stop shelter by implementing vegetation wind permeability and transpiration cooling processes using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. In scenario 1, a pot-type vertical greening system (VGS) without wind permeability had no significant effect on temperature reduction in the bus stop shelter. In contrast, scenario 2, with a mesh VGS allowing wind permeability, resulted in an average temperature reduction of 0.16°C within the interior area of the bus stop shelter, accompanied by shelter improved ventilation. Scenario 3, which entailed the removal of the shelter and the planting of trees, resulted in the least reduction in wind speed and an average temperature reduction of 0.14°C in the bus waiting area. Scenario 2 demonstrated the most effective temperature reduction for interior and surrounding area of the bus stop. Considering the normal effective temperature (NET), Scenario 3 provided the lowest sensation temperature. This indicates that the improved ventilation in Scenario 3 had a substantial impact on NET. Considering the effects of the vegetation strategies proposed in this study, it is essential to select suitable strategies for heat mitigation in bus-stop shelters based on regional and spatial considerations. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics

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Enhanced angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition and antioxidant activities through synergistic green tea and black rice extracts

Food Chemistry Advances

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Food Chemistry Advances 2025年 7.0卷

作者： Chaisan, Worrapob Salee, Nuttinee Pakakaew, Peeraporn Utama-ang, Niramon Division of Product Development Technology Faculty of Agro Industry Chiang Mai University Thailand Program of Food Production Engineering and Innovation College of Integrated of Science and Technology Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna Chiang Mai Thailand Division of Food Science and Technology Faculty of Agro Industry Chiang Mai University Thailand Cluster of High Value Products from Thai Rice and Plants for Health Chiang Mai University Thailand

The study investigated the synergistic effects of green tea extract (GTE) and black rice extract (BRE) on total phenolic content, flavonoid content, antioxidant activities and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition. The influence of GTE concentrations (14.64–85.36 % w/w) and pH levels (3.59–6.41) was analyzed by regression and response surface methodology. Optimized conditions of synergistic effect (85.36 % w/w GTE and 14.64 % of BRE at pH 6.0) yielded the highest antioxidant activities (DPPH IC₅₀ = 0.112±0.015 mg/mL, ABTS = 89.14±1.58 mmol TE/100 g, FRAP = 373.66±3.42 mmol Fe²⁺/100 g), the highest total phenolic (120.98±1.60 mmol GAE/100 g), flavonoid contents (15.28±1.07 mmol QE/100 g) and ACE inhibitory activity (IC₅₀ = 6.125±0.106 μg/mL). Therefore, this condition was selected to produce the combined extract for determining the combination index (CI). The CI was 0.349±0.075 for DPPH and 0.505±0.019 for ACE inhibition, indicating confirmation of a synergistic effect. These findings suggest that the combined extract could serve as a valuable functional ingredient, enhancing access to bioactive-rich resources for nutritionally supportive and sustainable diets. With potential applications in food systems and healthcare, this agro-ingredient may contribute to improved access to resources for blood pressure management and non-communicable disease (NCDs) prevention, aligning with broader goals in nutrition and health equity. © 2025

关键词： ACE inhibitory activity Antioxidant activity Black rice Green tea Synergistic effect

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Identifying the minimal sets of distance restraints for FRET-assisted protein structural modeling

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Liu, Zhuoyi Grigas, Alex T. Sumner, Jacob Knab, Edward Davis, Caitlin M. O’Hern, Corey S. Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Integrated Graduate Program in Physical and Engineering Biology Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Graduate Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Chemistry Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Applied Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States

Proteins naturally occur in crowded cellular environments and interact with other proteins, nucleic acids, and organelles. Since most previous experimental protein structure determination techniques require that proteins occur in idealized, non-physiological environments, the effects of realistic cellular environments on protein structure are largely unexplored. Recently, Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) has been shown to be an effective experimental method for investigating protein structure in vivo. Inter-residue distances measured in vivo can be incorporated as restraints in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to model protein structural dynamics in vivo. Since most FRET studies only obtain inter-residue separations for a small number of amino acid pairs, it is important to determine the minimum number of restraints in the MD simulations that are required to achieve a given root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) from the experimental structural ensemble. Further, what is the optimal method for selecting these inter-residue restraints? Here, we implement several methods for selecting the most important FRET pairs and determine the number of pairs Nr that are needed to induce conformational changes in proteins between two experimentally determined structures. We find that enforcing only a small fraction of restraints, Nr/N 0.08, where N is the number of amino acids, can induce the conformational changes. These results establish the efficacy of FRET-assisted MD simulations for atomic scale structural modeling of proteins in vivo. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Conformations

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Evolutionary Algorithms for Optimal Operation of Gas Networks

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Lence, Barbara J. Moosavian, Naser Lee, Andy J. Rivera, Daniela D. University of British Columbia Department of Civil Engineering 6250 Applied Science Lane VancouverBCV2T 1Z4 Canada Department of Civil Engineering Integrated Water Management University of British Columbia 6250 Applied Science Lane VancouverBCV2T 1Z4 Canada Metro Vancouver Metrotower III 4515 Central Boulevard BurnabyBCV5R 6G4 Canada Integrated Water Management Program University of British Columbia 6250 Applied Science Lane VancouverBCV2T 1Z4 Canada

This study presents an analysis of the use of Evolutionary Algorithms for determining the optimal operating strategy of gas transmission networks that minimize the total operating cost of the gas network and identify the optimal demand and supply flows. In comparison with water distribution networks, gas transmission networks, are complex due to their use of compressor equipment and the large lengths and diameters of their pipelines. The optimal operations model minimizes the gas purchase cost, while satisfying all system demands and other operating constraints in a network. The constraints of the gas network are flow continuity at nodes and energy relationships in pipelines, along with constraints associated with the contracted gas flow rate and pressure requirements at each node, and the power limits and flow requirements of *** heuristic algorithms, namely the Genetic Algorithm (GA), Differential Evolution Algorithm (DE), Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm (ABC), and Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy (CMA-ES), are applied to optimize the Belgium Gas Transmission Network. These are compared in terms of their computational burden, and the quality of the obtained solutions with respect to practical management concerns. Among the four algorithms, CMA-ES is found to be most efficient at achieving the global optimum, consistently meeting pressure and flow requirements, while conserving compressor power. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cost benefit analysis

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Ozone pollution induced-yield loss of major staple crops in China and effects from COVID-19

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2025年 157卷 804-820页

作者： Haiyang Liu Siyuan Wang Guangsheng Chen Zhaozhong Feng Di Liu Wenxiu Zhang Shufen Pan Hanqin Tian State Key Laboratory For Ecological Security of Regions and Cities Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang A&F University Hangzhou 311300 China School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China Department of Engineering and Environmental Studies Program Boston College Chestnut Hill MA 02467-9991 USA Center for Earth System Science and Global Sustainability Schiller Institute for Integrated Science and Society Boston College Chestnut Hill MA 02467-9991 USA Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Boston College Chestnut Hill MA 02467-9991 USA

Surface ozone (O 3 ) pollution showed a continuous increasing trend during the recent decades in China, posing an increasing threat to food security. A wide range of yield reductions have been reported and thus more studies are needed to narrow down the uncertainty resulting from spatiotemporal accuracy of O 3 metrics and extrapolation methods. Based on a high spatial resolution (0.1°) hourly surface O 3 data, here we analyzed the spatiotemporal O 3 pollution patterns and impacts on yield, production and economic losses for wheat, rice, and maize in China during 2005–2020. The accumulated O 3 exposure over a threshold of 40 ppb (AOT40) increased by 10 % during 2005–2019, and a decrease of 5.56 % was observed in 2020 due to the COVID-19 lockdowns. Rising O 3 pollution reduced national level wheat, rice and maize yields by 14.51 % ± 0.43 %, 11.10 % ± 0.6 %, and 3.99 % ± 0.11 %, respectively. A Business-As-Usual projection suggested that the relative yield loss (RYL) would potentially reach 8 %–18 % at the national scale by 2050 if no emission control is implemented. COVID-19 lockdowns in 2020 led to significantly reduced RYL for maize (0.52 %) and rice (2.17 %) but not for wheat (0.11 %), with the largest reduction (1.88 %–9.4 %) in North China Plain, highlighting the potential benefits of emission control. Our findings provided robust evidence that rising O 3 pollution has significantly affected China's crop yields, production and economic losses, underscoring the urgent need to curb O 3 pollution to safeguard food security, particularly in densely populated and industrialized regions.

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Computational modeling of the physical features that influence breast cancer invasion into adipose tissue

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zheng, Yitong Wang, Dong Beeghly, Garrett Fischbach, Claudia Shattuck, Mark D. O’Hern, Corey S. Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Integrated Graduate Program in Physical and Engineering Biology Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Benjamin Levich Institute Physics Department City College of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Department of Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States

Breast cancer invasion into adipose tissue strongly influences disease progression and metastasis. The degree of cancer cell invasion into adipose tissue depends on numerous biochemical and physical properties of cancer cells, adipocytes, and other key components of adipose tissue. We model breast cancer invasion into adipose tissue as a physical process by carrying out simulations of active, cohesive spherical particles (cancer cells) invading into confluent packings of deformable polyhedra (adipocytes). We quantify the degree of invasion by calculating the interfacial area At between cancer cells and adipocytes. We determine the long-time value of At versus the activity and strength of the cohesion between cancer cells, as well as mechanical properties of the adipocytes and extracellular matrix (ECM) in which the adipocytes are embedded. We show that the degree of invasion collapses onto a master curve by plotting it versus a dimensionless energy scale Ec, which grows linearly with mean-square fluctuations and persistence time of the cancer cell velocities, is inversely proportional to the pressure of the system, and has an offset that increases with the cancer cell cohesive energy. The condition, Ec 1, indicates that cancer cells will invade the adipose tissue, whereas for Ec 1, the cancer cells and adipocytes remain demixed. We also show that constraints on adipocyte positions by the ECM decrease At relative to that obtained for unconstrained adipocytes. Finally, spatial heterogeneity in structural and mechanical properties of the adipocytes in the presence of ECM impedes invasion relative to adipose tissue with uniform properties. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Cancer cells

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AB0055 THE ROLES OF OX40L AND TNF BISPECIFIC ANTIBODY IN OSTEOCLASTOGENESIS

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Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 2023年 82卷 1206-1207页

作者： H.S. Kwon J.Y. Kim S.U. Kim J.S. Lee H.R. Kang S. Ban E.Y. Lee Seoul National University Department of Cancer Biology Seoul Korea Rep. of (South Korea) Seoul National University Hospital Division of Rheumatology Department of Internal Medicine Seoul Korea Rep. of (South Korea) Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering Daejeon Korea Rep. of (South Korea) Seoul National University Interdisciplinary Program in Cancer Biology Seoul Korea Rep. of (South Korea) Seoul National University Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science Seoul Korea Rep. of (South Korea)

Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, inflammatory disease that leads to progressive cartilage and bone destruction. OX40 ligand (OX40L) is expressed predominantly on antigen-presenting cells and highly associated with joint inflammation in RA [1] . Yet, the role of OX40L in osteoclastogenesis is unclear. Objectives In this study, we investigated the effects of dual blocking of TNF and OX40L by bispecific antibody (IMB-101) on RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. Methods CD14+ monocytes were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of healthy donors (n=6). CD14+ monocytes were cultured with M-CSF (20ng/ml) and RANKL (40ng/ml) for 6 to 7 days in the presence of TNF antibody, OX40L antibody, or bispecific antibody. TRAP-positive multinucleated giant cells (>3 nuclei/cell) were counted as osteoclast. PU.1, RANK and NFATc1, markers of osteoclast differentiation were assessed by the quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR). The expression of OX40L was analyzed in the presence of RANKL or TNF at the early and late stage of osteoclast differentiation. Results The expression of OX40L was increased by RANKL and TNF at the early stage of osteoclast differentiation (day 3) in a TNF dose-dependent manner. IMB-101 decreased RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis via downregulating NFATc1 expression (Figure 1). IMB-101 further reduced PU.1, RANK and NFATc1 expression during early stage of osteoclast differentiation (day 3) compared to TNF inhibitor or TNF inhibitor and OX40L inhibitor (n=3). Conclusion Our data suggested that IMB-101 might have a beneficial effect on imbalance of the bone resorption in RA especially by suppressing osteoclast differentiation. Reference [1]Yoshioka, Taro et al. “Contribution of OX40/OX40 ligand interaction to the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis.” European Journal of Immunology 30 (2000): n. pag. Acknowledgements: NIL. Disclosure of Interests None Declared. Download: Download high-res image (124KB) Download: Download

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Protein folding as a jamming transition

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Grigas, Alex T. Liu, Zhuoyi Logan, Jack A. Shattuck, Mark D. O’Hern, Corey S. Graduate Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Integrated Graduate Program in Physical and Engineering Biology Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Benjamin Levich Institute and Physics Department The City College of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Department of Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Applied Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States

Proteins fold to a specific functional conformation with a densely packed hydrophobic core that controls their stability. We develop a geometric, yet all-atom model for proteins that explains the universal core packing fraction of φc = 0.55 found in experimental measurements. We show that as the hydrophobic interactions increase relative to the temperature, a novel jamming transition occurs when the core packing fraction exceeds φc. The model also recapitulates the global structure of proteins since it can accurately refold to native-like structures from partially unfolded states. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Proteins

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