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Resource-Efficient Direct Characterization of General Density Matrix

Physical Review Letters 2024年第3期132卷 030201-030201页

作者： Liang Xu Mingti Zhou Runxia Tao Zhipeng Zhong Ben Wang Zhiyong Cao Hongkuan Xia Qianyi Wang Hao Zhan Aonan Zhang Shang Yu Nanyang Xu Ying Dong Changliang Ren Lijian Zhang College of Metrology & Measurement Engineering China Jiliang University Hangzhou 310018 China National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Research Center for Quantum Sensing Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou 310000 China School of Electronic Control Chang’an University Xi’an 710064 China Quantum Optics and Laser Science Blackett Laboratory Imperial College London Prince Consort Road London SW7 2AZ United Kingdom Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Matter Microstructure and Function of Hunan Province Department of Physics and Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081 China

Sequential weak measurements allow for the direct extraction of individual density-matrix elements, rather than relying on global reconstruction of the entire density matrix, which opens a new avenue for the characterization of quantum systems. Nevertheless, extending the sequential scheme to multiqudit quantum systems is challenging due to the requirement of multiple coupling processes for each qudit and the lack of appropriate precision evaluation. To address these issues, we propose a resource-efficient scheme (RES) that directly characterizes the density matrix of general multiqudit systems while optimizing measurements and establishing a feasible estimation analysis. In the RES, an efficient observable of the quantum system is constructed such that a single meter state coupled to each qudit is sufficient to extract the corresponding density-matrix element. An appropriate model based on the statistical distribution of errors is utilized to evaluate the precision and feasibility of the scheme. We have experimentally applied the RES to the direct characterization of general single-photon qutrit states and two-photon entangled states. The results show that the RES outperforms sequential schemes in terms of efficiency and precision in both weak- and strong-coupling scenarios. This Letter sheds new light on the practical characterization of large-scale quantum systems and the investigation of their nonclassical properties.

关键词： Optical quantum information processing Quantum foundations Quantum measurements Quantum tomography Weak values & weak measurements Weak measurements

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Improving Referring Expression Comprehension by Suppressing Expression-unrelated Proposals

Improving Referring Expression Comprehension by Suppressing ...

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electronic Information engineering and Computer Technology (EIECT), International Conference on

作者： Qun Wang Feng Zhu Xiang Li Ruida Ye Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Processing Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China Shenyang Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China Institutes for Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern University Shenyang China Department of Aerospace Engineering and Technology Space Engineering University Beijing China

The prevailing referring expression comprehension (REC) method is based on two stages: 1) detecting multiple candidate proposals using an object detector and 2) aligning proposals with text descriptions. Existing two-stage models have achieved significant improvements with excellent alignment modules. However, their alignment modules treat each proposal equally without filtering expression-unrelated proposals. These expression-unrelated proposals may interfere with the alignment modules’ ability to accurately reason about the target proposal. These proposals also increase the difficulty of training alignment modules. To solve this problem, we propose a new framework, that can suppress expression-unrelated proposals for alignment modules. Specifically, we first design a suppression module, which calculates the relevance scores between the proposals and the expression by using the semantics in the expression. Then, these scores are integrated into three basic alignment modules, including subject, location, and relationship modules, to guide each module to focus on the expression-related proposals. We conduct extensive experiments on three benchmark datasets, and the results show the effectiveness of our suppression module and performance improvement.

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Antisymmetry breaking coupling-enhanced sensing of quantum reservoirs

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Yuan, Ji-Bing Tang, Zhi-Min Song, Ya-Ju Tang, Shi-Qing Peng, Zhao-Hui Wang, Xin-Wen Kuang, Le-Man Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Control and Detection Technology of University of Hunan Province College of Physics and Electronic Engineering Hengyang Normal University Hengyang421002 China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensors and Advanced Sensor Materials Department of Physics Hunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan411201 China Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education Department of Physics Hunan Normal University Changsha410081 China Synergetic Innovation Academy for Quantum Science and Technology Zhengzhou University of Light Industry Zhengzhou450002 China

We investigate the use of a single generalized dephasing qubit for sensing a quantum reservoir, where the antisymmetry of the coupling between the qubit and its reservoir is broken. Our results indicate that in addition to the decay factor encoding channel, the antisymmetry breaking coupling introduces another phase factor encoding channel. We propose an optimal measurement strategy for the generalized dephasing qubit which enables the practical measurement precision to reach the theoretical ultimate precision quantified by the quantum signal-to-noise ratio (QSNR). As an application example, the generalized dephasing qubit is employed to estimate the s-wave scattering length of an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate. It is found that the QSNR contributed by the antisymmetry breaking coupling is at least two orders of magnitude higher than the QSNR contributed by the antisymmetry coupling at the millisecond timescale, and the optimal relative error can achieve a scaling ∝ 1/(χt) in long-term encoding, where χ represents the relative driving strength and t is the encoding time. Our work opens a way for supersensitive sensing of quantum reservoirs. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Qubits

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Asynchronous Tag-based Physical-Layer Authentication in Wireless Communications

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IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 2025年

作者： Tan, Haijun Xu, Yuntao Du, Jiewei Xie, Ning Li, Hongbin Peng Cheng Laboratory Control and Network Foundation Laboratory Frontier Research Center Shenzhen518107 China Shenzhen University State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration The Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing College of Electronics and Information Engineering Shenzhen518060 China Beijing Jiaotong University School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing100044 China National Innovation Center of High Speed Train Qingdao266111 China Stevens Institute of Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering HobokenNJ07030 United States

Tag-based physical-layer authentication (PLA) has gained significant research interest due to its high security and low complexity compared to traditional upper-layer authentication mechanisms. However, conventional tag-based PLA schemes often require strict synchronization between the tag and the source message before transmission, which may limit their practicality and effectiveness. To address this limitation, we propose an asynchronous tag-based PLA scheme, where the tag and the source message are transmitted asynchronously with an intentional time delay introduced at the transmitter. The proposed scheme enhances both compatibility and security without compromising robustness. We provide a theoretical analysis of the proposed scheme, and derive closed-form expressions to characterize its performance. Furthermore, theoretical comparisons with existing methods yield insightful conclusions regarding the advantages of the proposed approach. The scheme is implemented and extensively evaluated through simulations, where the theoretical results exhibit strong agreement with the simulation outcomes, thereby validating its effectiveness. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： asynchronous closed form intentional timing delay Physical-layer authentication tag-based

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Clustering Strategy for Megaconstellation with Synergistic Energy and Size Considerations

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IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and electronic Systems 2025年

作者： Zhang, Chengxi Yin, Tianle Wang, Wenshuo Wu, Jin Wang, Jihe Qi, Yuhua He, Wei Jiangnan University Key Laboratory of Advanced Control for Light Industry Processes Ministry of Education Wuxi214122 China Beijing Institute of Technology Mechanical Engineering China Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong SAR Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Beijing School of Intelligent Science and Technology Beijing China School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Shenzhen518107 China Sun Yat-sen University No. 135 Xingang West Road Guangzhou China

This paper proposes an energy- and size-aware clustering (ESC) strategy for megaconstellation systems. The methodology constructs a hierarchical architecture with designated cluster heads and member satellites through role differentiation. Cluster heads serve as relay nodes, reducing the communication load on ground infrastructure by interacting with ground stations and other entities. This hierarchical approach enables efficient constellation control through interactions primarily with cluster heads. The ESC strategy begins with a cluster head election process, incorporating orphan handling management to select cluster heads, ensuring full coverage of the entire constellation. Then, a two-stage multi-objective optimization framework is used to deal with division of members to clusters and intra-cluster multi-hop connectivity configurations. This dual-phase approach optimizes energy consumption while maintaining balanced cluster sizes. Simulations on the OneWeb system validate the ESC strategy as a viable solution in that it achieves 55.9% energy consumption reduction compared to traditional discrete gradient optimization methods while maintaining more balanced cluster sizes. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Multiobjective optimization

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A Multi-Player Potential Game Approach for Sensor Network Localization with Noisy Measurements

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Xu, Gehui Chen, Guanpu Fidan, Baris Hong, Yiguang Qi, Hongsheng Parisini, Thomas Johansson, Karl H. The Key Laboratory of Systems and Control Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Beijing China The Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm100 44 Sweden The Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm100 44 Sweden The Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada Department of Control Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai201804 China Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Shanghai201210 China Key Laboratory of Systems and Control Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Beijing China School of Mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China The Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Imperial College London LondonSW7 2AZ United Kingdom The Department of Engineering and Architecture University of Trieste Trieste34127 Italy

Sensor network localization (SNL) is a challenging problem due to its inherent non-convexity and the effects of noise in inter-node ranging measurements and anchor node position. We formulate a non-convex SNL problem as a multi-player non-convex potential game and investigate the existence and uniqueness of a Nash equilibrium (NE) in both the ideal setting without measurement noise and the practical setting with measurement noise. We first show that the NE exists and is unique in the noiseless case, and corresponds to the precise network localization. Then, we study the SNL for the case with errors affecting the anchor node position and the inter-node distance measurements. Specifically, we establish that in case these errors are sufficiently small, the NE exists and is unique. It is shown that the NE is an approximate solution to the SNL problem, and that the position errors can be quantified accordingly. Based on these findings, we apply the results to case studies involving only inter-node distance measurement errors and only anchor position information inaccuracies. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sensor nodes

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Dynamic Event-Triggered Model Predictive control for Multiple Platoons under Non-Ideal Communications

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年

作者： Han, Qiaoni Xu, Chengfei Wang, Xiaocheng Yang, Hongjiu Zuo, Zhiqiang Yang, Bo Guan, Xinping Tianjin University Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent Unmanned Swarm Technology and System School of Electrical and Information Engineering Tianjin300072 China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Shanghai200240 China Tianjin University School of Electrical and Information Engineering Tianjin300072 China Tianjin Normal University Tianjin Key Laboratory of Wireless Mobile Communications and Power Transmission College of Electronic and Communication Engineering Tianjin300387 China Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Automation Shanghai200240 China Ministry of Education of China Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Shanghai200240 China

The uncertainty of wireless communication seriously affects the control performance of the platoon. In this paper, a model predictive control (MPC) method based on dynamic event-triggering is proposed to address the impact of non-ideal communications on multi-vehicle systems. Firstly, a hierarchical platoon architecture combining backbone layer and sub-platoon layers is proposed to achieve efficient coordination among multiple platoons, and a communication-aware control mechanism is designed for each vehicle to effectively mitigate the adverse effects of non-ideal communication scenarios. Secondly, a dynamic event-triggering mechanism is established for each vehicle, which is related to time-varying delay and random packet loss parameters, so as to effectively reduce the frequency of MPC solutions and data transmission. Additionally, based on different communication topologies, distributed model predictive controllers are suggested for backbone layer and sub-platoon layer to achieve precise and comfortable tracking. Then, sufficient conditions are provided to ensure the recursive feasibility of the MPC algorithm and the stability of the platoon system. Finally, extensive simulations are conducted, and the results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in terms of control performance and low computational complexity under non-ideal communication conditions. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Predictive control systems

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Efficient Multi-Query Oriented Continuous Subgraph Matching

Efficient Multi-Query Oriented Continuous Subgraph Matching

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International Conference on Data engineering

作者： Ziyi Ma Jianye Yang Xu Zhou Guoqing Xiao Jianhua Wang Liang Yang Kenli Li Xuemin Lin School of Artificial Intelligence Hebei University of Technology China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Machine Vision and Intelligent Control Wuzhou University China Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology Guangzhou University China Department of New Networks PengCheng Laboratory China College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Hunan University China Shenzhen Research Institute Hunan University China Antai College of Economics and Management Shanghai Jiao Tong University China

ISBN: (数字)9798350317152

ISBN: (纸本)9798350317169

Continuous subgraph matching (CSM) is a critical task for analyzing dynamic graphs and has a wide range of applications, such as merchant fraud detection, cyber-attack hunting, and rumor detection. Although many efficient CSM algorithms have been recently proposed, they are mainly designed to process a single query. However, in some application scenarios, multi-query oriented continuous subgraph matching (MQCSM) may be of more interest. To our knowledge, the two existing solutions to MQCSM are outdated due to unsatisfactory performance. In this paper, we propose MQ-Match, an efficient approach to MQCSM. First, we design a compact yet effective index structure CCG, which maintains the local matching result of vertices in the data graph using a directed graph. The directed edges in CCG can be utilized as an effective pruning rule for the subsequent incremental matching algorithm when expanding a partial match. Then, we develop a computation sharing incremental matching algorithm. In specific, a set of matching trees is constructed based on the depth-first search trees of the query graphs. By utilizing CCG, we conduct subgraph matching for the matching tree to collect the incremental matches for the query graphs, where the common structures of query graphs are matched only once. Extensive experiments show that MQ-Match can achieve 3.1x-7071.4x speedup over the competitors, and consumes much less memory under the majority of the experiment settings.

关键词： Heuristic algorithms Memory management Directed graphs Data engineering Fraud Computational efficiency Indexes

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Application of Fuzzy Neural Network in Chromatographic Separation 6th

Application of Fuzzy Neural Network in Chromatographic Separ...

引用

6th Euro-China Conference on intelligent Data Analysis and Applications, ECC 2019

作者： Xie, Chao-Fan Xu, Lu-Xiong Wang, Ruobin Zhang, Fuquan Department of Electrical Engineering I-Shou University Kaohsiung84001 Taiwan Electronic Information and Engineering Institute Fuqing Branch of Fujian Normal University FuJian FuQing FuZhou350300 China Key Laboratory of Nondestructive Testing Fuqing Branch of Fujian Normal University FuJian FuQing FuZhou350300 China School of Information Science and Technology North China University of Technology Beijing100144 China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Information Processing and Intelligent Control Minjiang University Fuzhou350121 China School of Software Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789811650352

Chromatographic separation process is a continuous and discrete mixed system. It is a fixed bed consisting of chromatographic columns or similar chromatographic columns. The components are separated by valve switching. Therefore, many small and medium-sized enterprises need to control system parameters, so they are vulnerable to external interference. In the actual production process, it is often in the safety aspect, the system operation will deviate from the best operating conditions, so it is difficult to give full play to the separation ability of SMB chromatographic separation process. In order to make the separation system of small and medium-sized enterprises play its potential, the results based on simulation model are particularly important. This paper firstly digitalization the simulation process, then uses FNN to training the simulation data to the influence of observation parameters on the results, searching for the trend of complex parameter change from neural network learning, foundation for verifying the controllability of the system. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Fuzzy neural networks

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Research on fault feature extraction of rotating machinery based on adaptive VMD and optimized CYCBD

Research on fault feature extraction of rotating machinery b...

引用

Chinese control and Decision Conference, CCDC

作者： Ran Xie Ling Xiong Binbin Dan Zeyu Ren Engineering Research Center for Metallurgical Automation and Measurement Technology of Ministry of Education Wuhan Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Equipment and Control of Ministry of Education Wuhan China School of Physics and Electronic Science Hunan Institute of Science and Technology Yueyang China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665478977

To solve the problem that early fault features of rotating machinery are difficult to extract, an adaptive k-value hierarchical variational mode decomposition (H-VMD) combined with optimized maximum second-order cyclostationarity blind deconvolution (CYCBD) fault feature extraction method is proposed in this paper. Mode decomposition of the vibration signal is performed with H-VMD. and then the noise dominant component is denoised by wavelet threshold denoising (WTD). Furthermore, the improved autocorrelation-weighted correlated kurtosis (ACK) when CYCBD enhances the periodic shock component of the denoised signal is the fitness function of ChOA, and the envelope demodulation analysis of the feature-enhanced signal is performed using the teager energy operator (TEO). Simulation analysis and experimental results show that the interference of background noise can be effectively removed and the periodic shock component of the vibration signal be enhanced by the proposed method, which is a new feature extraction method for the fault diagnosis of rotating machinery.

关键词： Vibrations Fault diagnosis Electric shock Noise reduction Interference Feature extraction Linear programming

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