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Aggressive and robust low-level control and trajectory tracking for quadrotors with deep reinforcement learning

Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第3期37卷 1223-1240页

作者： Chen, Shiyu Li, Yanjie Lou, Yunjiang Lin, Ke Department of Control Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Shenzhen518055 China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Morphing Mechanisms and Adaptive Robotics Shenzhen518055 China

Executing accurate trajectory tracking tasks using a high-performance low-level controller is crucial for quadrotors to be applied in various scenarios, especially those involving uncertain disturbances. However, due to the uncertainties in disturbed environments, developing effective low-level controllers with traditional model-based control schemes is challenging. This paper presents an aggressive and robust reinforcement learning (RL)-based low-level control policy for quadrotors. The policy maps the observed quadrotor state directly to motor thrust commands, without requiring the quadrotor dynamics. Additionally, a trajectory generation pipeline is developed to improve the accuracy of trajectory tracking tasks based on differential flatness. With the learned low-level control policy, extensive simulations and real-world experiments are implemented to validate the performance of the policy. The results indicate that our RL-based low-level control policy outperforms traditional proportional–integral–derivative (PID) control methods and related learning-based policies in terms of accuracy and robustness, particularly in environments with uncertain disturbances. Furthermore, the proposed RL-based control policy exhibits an aggressive response in trajectory tracking, even when the speed of the desired trajectory is increased to 6 m/s. Moreover, the learned policy demonstrates strong vibration suppression capabilities and enables the quadrotor to recover to a hovering state from random initial conditions with shorter response time. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning

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Dynamic Regret for Distributed Online Composite Optimization

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IEEE Transactions on Automatic control 2025年第5期70卷 3056-3071页

作者： Hou, Ruijie Yu, Yang Li, Xiuxian Tongji University Department of Control Science and Engineering College of Electronics and Information Engineering Shanghai201800 China Tongji University Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems National Key Laboratory of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Ministry of Education Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology Shanghai201210 China

This article focuses on online composite optimization over multiagent networks. In the distributed setting, each agent has its own local loss function, which consists of a convex, strongly convex or strongly convex and smooth function, and a time-varying nonsmooth regularizer. Two distributed online algorithms are proposed and corresponding dynamic regrets are analyzed. Two proposed algorithms are based on signs of relative states. The first algorithm obtains (Formula presented) dynamic regret bound when each local loss is a general convex composite function, where CT is the path variation. If CT can be estimated in advance for convex or strongly convex local loss with a time-varying nonsmooth regularizer, then dynamic regret bounds are, respectively, in the order of (Formula presented) and o (log T(1 + CT)). The second algorithm is based on the first one, especially for handling the local loss composed of a strongly convex and smooth function with a nonsmooth regularizer, and then obtains o (1 + CT) dynamic regret bound. In the end, numerical results are given to support the theoretical findings. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Optimization algorithms

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Sim2Real Learning With Domain Randomization for Autonomous Guidewire Navigation in Robotic-Assisted Endovascular Procedures

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IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and engineering 2025年 22卷 13842-13854页

作者： Yao, Tianliang Wang, Haoyu Lu, Bo Ge, Jiajia Pei, Zhiqiang Kowarschik, Markus Sun, Lining Seneviratne, Lakmal Qi, Peng Tongji University College of Electronics and Information Engineering Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology Department of Control Science and Engineering Shanghai200092 China Shanghai University of Engineering Science School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Shanghai201620 China Soochow University Robotics and Microsystems Center School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Jiangsu Suzhou215131 China Advanced Therapies Siemens Healthineers Ltd. Shanghai201318 China University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Oriental Pan-Vascular Devices Innovation College Shanghai200093 China Bavaria Forchheim91301 Germany Khalifa University KUCARS Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Tongji University College of Electronics and Information Engineering Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases and Medical Innovation Center Shanghai East Hospital Department of Control Science and Engineering School of Medicine Shanghai200092 China

Over the past decade, significant advancements have been made in the research and industrialization of robotic systems for endovascular procedures, yet their clinical application remains relatively limited. Physicians commonly report that these robots lack certain intelligent assistive capabilities during procedures. There has been increasing interest and attempts to apply learning-centered algorithms to the training and enhancement of surgical robot skills. This paper proposes an autonomous navigation algorithm for interventional guidewires that is initially trained solely in a virtual simulation environment and subsequently deployed to a real-world robot. Experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of this approach for real-world applications. The proposed approach can help physicians reduce the learning curve for guidewire manipulation and elevate the robot to a higher level of autonomous operation, thereby breaking through the current bottleneck in the level of intelligence for clinical applications of interventional robots. It also holds promise for bringing intelligent transformation to future interventional procedures. © 2004-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Semi-Autonomous Navigation Based on Local Semantic Map for Mobile Robot

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science) 2025年第1期30卷 27-33页

作者： ZHAO Yanfei XIAO Peng WANG Jingchuan GUO Rui Department of Automation Institute of Medical RoboticsShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China State Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education of ChinaShanghai200240China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Control and Management Shanghai200240China State Grid Intelligence Technology Co. Ltd.Jinan250013China

Mobile robots represented by smart wheelchairs can assist elderly people with mobility *** paper proposes a multi-mode semi-autonomous navigation system based on a local semantic map for mobile robots,which can assist users to implement accurate navigation(e.g.,docking)in the environment without prior *** order to overcome the problem of repeated oscillations during the docking of traditional local path planning algorithms,this paper adopts a mode-switching method and uses feedback control to perform docking when approaching semantic *** last,comparative experiments were carried out in the real *** show that our method is superior in terms of safety,comfort and docking accuracy.

关键词： semi-autonomous navigation mobile robot semantic map voice interaction

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Retinal disorder diagnosis based on hybrid deep learning models

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-25页

作者： Sedik, Ahmed El-Shafai, Walid El-Hag, Noha A. El-Banby, Ghada M. Abd El-Samie, Fathi E. Smart Systems Engineering Laboratory College of Engineering Prince Sultan University Riyadh11586 Saudi Arabia Department of the Robotics and Intelligent Machines Faculty of Artificial Intelligence Kafrelsheikh University Kafr el-Sheikh Egypt Computer Science Department Prince Sultan University Riyadh11586 Saudi Arabia Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Faculty of Electronic Engineering Menoufia University Menouf32952 Egypt The Higher Institute of Commercial Sciences Algarbia Al Mahalla Al Kubra31951 Egypt Department of Industrial Electronics and Control Engineering Faculty of Electronic Engineering Menoufia University Menouf32952 Egypt Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia

Anomaly detection from medical images is badly needed for automated diagnosis. For example, medical images obtained with several modalities, such as magnetic resonance (MR) and confocal microscopy, need to be classified for anomaly detection. The MR images may contain tumors that need to be detected with anomaly detection techniques. In MR imaging, brain tumors are represented as areas composed of abnormal cells that need to be detected. On the other hand, confocal microscopy can be used for retinal imaging. Hence, there is a need to apply classification techniques for diagnosing diseases of the eye, such as Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), which leads to exudates in different regions of the retina. The detection of exudates is necessary for the diagnosis of DR. In this paper, two models are presented for the classification of MR and retinal images. Much research has been done in this area, but it did not achieve high accuracy of classification in an acceptable time. In addition, the previous models did not consider both types of image modalities considered in this paper. The suggested models are Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Convolutional Long Short-Term Memory (Conv-LSTM). They are used to classify normal and abnormal cases of both brain tumor and DR diseases. The CNN model is composed of six convolutional layers and six max-pooling layers. A soft-max activation function takes the classification decision. The proposed Conv-LSTM model is composed of three stages: pre-processing, feature extraction, and classification. The deep learning model performance is better than those of traditional networks. The CNN gives an accuracy of 94.26% for DR classification and 95.8% for brain tumor classification, while the Conv-LSTM gives the maximum accuracy of 96.41% for DR classification and 97.4% for brain tumor classification. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Confocal microscopy

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Automatic speaker identification system based on MLP network and deep learning in the presence of severe interference

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-42页

作者： Shafik, Amira Sedik, Ahmed El-Shafai, Walid Khalaf, Ashraf A. M. El-Rabaie, El-Sayed M. El-Samie, Fathi E. Abd Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Faculty of Electronic Engineering Menoufia University Menouf32952 Egypt Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Minia University Minia61519 Egypt Smart Systems Engineering Laboratory College of Engineering Prince Sultan University Riyadh11586 Saudi Arabia Department of the Robotics and Intelligent Machines Faculty of Artificial Intelligence Kafr Elsheikh University Kafr El‑Shaikh Egypt Computer Science Department Prince Sultan University Riyadh11586 Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia

Automatic Speaker Identification (ASI) is so crucial for security. Current ASI systems perform well in quiet and clean surroundings. However, in noisy situations, the robustness of an ASI system against additive noise and interference is a crucial factor. An investigation of the impact of interference on ASI system performance is presented in this paper, which introduces algorithms for achieving high ASI system performance. The objective is to resist the interference of various forms. This paper presents two models for the ASI task in the presence of interference. The first one depends on Normalized Pitch Frequency (NPF) and Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCCs) as extracted features and Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) as a classifier. In this model, we investigate the utilization of a Discrete Transform (DT), such as Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) and Discrete Sine Transform (DST), to increase the robustness of extracted features against different types of degradation through exploiting the sub-band decomposition characteristics of DWT and the energy compaction property of DCT and DST. This is achieved by extracting features directly from contaminated speech signals in addition to features extracted from discrete transformed signals to create hybrid feature vectors. The enhancement techniques, such as Spectral Subtraction (SS), Winer Filter, and adaptive Wiener filter, are used in a preprocessing stage to eliminate the effect of the interference on the ASI system. In the second model, we investigate the utilization of Deep Learning (DL) based on a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with speech signal spectrograms and their Radon transforms to increase the robustness of the ASI system against interference effects. One of this paper goals is to introduce a comparison between the two models and build a more robust ASI system against severe interference. The experimental results indicate that the two proposed models lead to satisfa

关键词： Additive noise

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Robust Finite-Time Containment of Networked Heterogeneous Nonlinear Systems with Intermittent Measurement Only

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IEEE Transactions on Network Science and engineering 2025年

作者： Tian, Biao Zhang, Hao Cui, Peiyu Wang, Zhuping Yan, Huaicheng Shanghai Key Laboratory of Wearable Robotics and Human-Machine Interaction Tongji University College of Electronic and Information Engineering Department of Control Science and Engineering Shanghai201804 China Ministry of Education Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology National Key Laboratory of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous Systems China East China University of Science and Technology School of Information Science and Engineering Shanghai200237 China

The robust finite-time containment problem of fully heterogeneous multiagent systems with uncertainties is often challenging, especially when only intermittent output measurement is used. To address the issue posed by the nonidentical system dynamics of multiple leaders, which makes the traditional distributed estimator form for the convex hull inapplicable, a distributed finite-time estimator is constructed for each follower to extract the system matrices and states of leaders. Then, in the output-triggering setting, a finite-time extended state observer driven by intermittent output measurement is developed to reconstruct the uncertainties and unmeasurable states of followers. Meanwhile, the non-continuous output measurement will lead to the differentiation of virtual control laws undefined. To solve this issue, a filtering compensation scheme-based finitetime controller via the backstepping technique is developed for nonlinear followers, ensuring practical finite-time stability (PFTS) of the closed-loop system. It is shown that the proposed algorithm steers each follower into the preset convex combination spanned by the positions of multiple leaders. The capability of the exploited control protocol is verified through simulations and experiments. 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Backstepping

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Enhancing the Performance of Machine Learning Classification Models

Enhancing the Performance of Machine Learning Classification...

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International Symposium on INFOTEH-JAHORINA (INFOTEH)

作者： Cihat Talat Akpinar Özcan Koşar Akif Durdu Computer Engineering Research and Development Elfatek Elektronik Ltd. Co. Konya Turkey Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Robotics Automation Control Laboratory (RAC-LAB) Konya Technical University Konya Turkey

ISBN: (数字)9798331515799

ISBN: (纸本)9798331515805

This study aims to compare and improve the performance of four different machine learning algorithms (Naive Bayes, Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), Decision Trees, and Support Vector Machines (SVM)) in classification problems. The analyses emphasize the impact of data preprocessing steps and hyperparameter optimization on model performance. As part of the data preprocessing, missing values were imputed, categorical data were transformed into numerical data, and normalization procedures were applied. It was observed that normalization significantly enhanced the performance of the MLP and SVM algorithms in particular. Furthermore, additional improvements in accuracy rates were achieved through hyperparameter optimization. Naive Bayes and Decision Trees were found to exhibit stable performance regardless of data scaling. This study demonstrates that proper data preprocessing and model selection can significantly enhance algorithm performance in classification problems.

关键词： Support vector machines Accuracy Machine learning algorithms Data preprocessing Hyperparameter optimization Data models Bayes methods Classification algorithms Numerical models Decision trees

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Virtual Reality Solutions for Troubleshooting Autonomous Industrial Mobile Robots

Virtual Reality Solutions for Troubleshooting Autonomous Ind...

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International Symposium on INFOTEH-JAHORINA (INFOTEH)

ISBN: (数字)9798331515799

ISBN: (纸本)9798331515805

This study aims to develop a virtual reality (VR) application to improve the fault detection and troubleshooting processes of autonomous industrial mobile robots. The complex systems and operating environments of autonomous robots make fault detection challenging for users, requiring effective and user-friendly solutions to overcome these difficulties. In this context, the Robot Operating System (ROS) was utilized to detect errors in robots and record these errors in a database. Thanks to the modular structure and robust communication infrastructure offered by ROS, faults in the robots were monitored and analyzed through ROS *** study demonstrates the effective use of VR technology in the maintenance and repair processes of autonomous industrial mobile robots. By integrating ROS-based data collection and fault detection into a VR environment for user training, robot operators are enabled to troubleshoot faults more quickly and effectively. In this way, it is aimed to achieve time and cost savings in industrial processes.

关键词： Training Service robots Databases Fault detection Operating systems Virtual reality Maintenance engineering Maintenance Mobile robots Monitoring

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Enhancing the performance of CaTiO3-GDC heterostructure electrolytes in LT-CFCs

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Ceramics International 2025年第15期51卷 20131-20142页

作者： Li, Dongchen Cui, Yingying Hong, Xiaofang Shah, M.A.K. Yousaf Mushtaq, Naveed Rauf, Sajid Arshad, Naila Irshad, Sultan Alodhayb, Abdullah N. Yousaf, Muhammad Lu, Yuzheng Department of Electrical and Automation Shandong Labor Vocational and Technical College Jinan250300 China Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Solar Energy Science and Technology/Energy Storage Joint Research Center School of Energy and Environment Southeast University No.2 Si Pai Lou Nanjing210096 China College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering Shenzhen University Guangdong Province 518000 China School of Physics Electronics and Intelligent Manufacturing Huaihua University Hunan Huaihua418008 China College of Electronics and Information Engineering Shenzhen University Guangdong Province 518000 China Department of Physics and Astronomy College of Science King Saud University Riyadh11451 Saudi Arabia College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Guangdong Province Shenzhen518055 China School of Electronic Engineering Nanjing Xiaozhuang University Nanjing211171 China

Designing ceramic fuel cells (CFCs) with fast ionic conduction and superior electrochemical performance at low temperatures is critical for advancing hydrogen applications. Here, we developed a heterostructure electrolyte by combining the ionic conductor Gd0.1Ce0.9O2 (GDC) with the semiconductor material CaTiO3 (CTO) to shape into the composite heterostructure (semiconductor ionic heterostructure) CTO-GDC. The designed heterostructure with different fermi levels established the depletion zone due to the redistribution of charges at the interface, leading to enhancement of the ionic conduction;meanwhile, the established built-in electric field suppresses the electronic conduction speed of the ion's transportation at the interface of the constructed heterostructure (CTO-GDC). The formation of heterostructure introduces a number of oxygen vacancies, as confirmed via x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), benefiting the transportation of ions in the composite heterostructure. The prepared composite heterostructure shows the highest power output of 810 mW/cm2 at a low operational temperature of 520 °C. The CTO-GDC shows high ionic conductivity of 0.17 S cm−1 at 520 °C and low activation energy of 0.785 eV at 520-420 °C. The composite containing a 50 % molar ratio of GDC and CTO demonstrated exceptional performance by successfully inhibiting electron transit, improving ionic conductivity, and achieving outstanding power output. The enhanced ionic conductivity with low activation energy of composite heterostructure suggests that designing a heterostructure seems an efficient approach to fuel cell application. © 2025

关键词： Paramagnetic resonance

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