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arXiv 2021年

作者： Metzler, Hannah Baginski, Hubert Niederkrotenthaler, Thomas Garcia, David Section for Science of Complex Systems Center for Medical Statistics Informatics and Intelligent Systems Medical University of Vienna Austria Unit Suicide Research & Mental Health Promotion Department of Social and Preventive Medicine Center for Public Health Medical University of Vienna Austria Complexity Science Hub Vienna Austria Institute of Interactive Systems and Data Science Department of Computer Science and Biomedical Engineering Graz University of Technology Graz Austria Institute of Globally Distributed Open Research and Education Austria Institute of Information Systems Engineering Vienna University of Technology Vienna Austria

Background Research has repeatedly shown that exposure to suicide-related news media content is associated with suicide rates, with some content characteristics likely having harmful and others potentially protective effects. Although good evidence exists for a few selected characteristics, systematic and large-scale investigations are missing. Moreover, the growing importance of social media, particularly among young adults, calls for studies on the effects of content posted on these platforms. Objective This study applies natural language processing and machine learning methods to classify large quantities of social media data according to characteristics identified as potentially harmful or beneficial in media effects research on suicide and prevention. Methods We manually labeled 3202 English tweets using a novel annotation scheme that classifies suicide-related tweets into 12 categories. Based on these categories, we trained a benchmark of machine learning models for a multi-class and a binary classification task. As models, we included a majority classifier, an approach based on word frequency (TF-IDF with a linear SVM) and two state-of-the-art deep learning models (BERT, XLNet). The first task classified postings into six main content categories, which are particularly relevant for suicide prevention based on previous evidence. These included personal stories of either (1) suicidal ideation and attempts or (2) coping and recovery, calls for action intending to spread either (3) problem awareness or (4) prevention-related information, (5) reporting of suicide cases, and (6) other tweets irrelevant to these five categories. The second classification task was binary, and separated postings in the 11 categories that refer to actual suicide, from postings in the off-topic category, which use suicide-related terms in another meaning or context. Results In both tasks, the performance of the two deep learning models was very similar and better than the majority or th

关键词： Learning algorithms

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Validating daily social media macroscopes of emotions

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Pellert, Max Metzler, Hannah Matzenberger, Michael Garcia, David Sony Computer Science Laboratories 6 Rue Amyot Paris75005 France Institute of Interactive Systems and Data Science Graz University of Technology Inffeldgasse 16C Graz8010 Austria Complexity Science Hub Vienna Josefstädter Straße 39 Vienna1080 Austria Section for Science of Complex Systems Center for Medical Statistics Informatics and Intelligent Systems Medical University of Vienna Spitalgasse 23 Vienna1090 Austria Institute of Globally Distributed Open Research and Education Sweden Der Standard Vordere Zollamtsstraße 13 Vienna1030 Austria

Measuring sentiment in social media text has become an important practice in studying emotions at the macroscopic level. However, this approach can suffer from methodological issues like sampling biases and measurement errors. To date, it has not been validated if social media sentiment can actually measure the temporal dynamics of mood and emotions aggregated at the level of communities. We ran a large-scale survey at an online newspaper to gather daily mood self-reports from its users, and compare these with aggregated results of sentiment analysis of user discussions. We find strong correlations between text analysis results and levels of self-reported feelings, as well as between inter-day changes of both measurements. We replicate these results using sentiment data from Twitter. We show that a combination of supervised text analysis methods based on novel deep learning architectures and unsupervised dictionary-based methods have high agreement with the time series of aggregated mood measured with self-reports. Our findings indicate that macro level dynamics of feelings expressed on an online platform can be tracked with social media text, especially in situations of high mood variability. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Sentiment analysis

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Enabling a conceptual data model and workflow integration environment for concurrent launch vehicle analysis 69

Enabling a conceptual data model and workflow integration en...

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69th International Astronautical Congress: #InvolvingEveryone, IAC 2018

作者： Fischer, Philipp M. Deshmukh, Meenakshi Koch, Aaron D. Mischke, Robert Gomez, Antonio Martelo Schreiber, Andreas Gerndt, Andreas DLR German Aerospace Center Software for Space Systems and Interactive Visualization Lilienthalplatz 7 Braunschweig38108 Germany DLR German Aerospace Center Space Launcher System Analysis Robert-Hooke-StraÃŸe 7 Bremen28359 Germany DLR German Aerospace Center System Analysis Space Segment Robert-Hooke-StraÃŸe 7 Bremen28359 Germany DLR German Aerospace Center Intelligent and Distributed Systems Linder HÃ¶he KÃ¶ln51147 Germany

Concurrent Engineering (CE) and Model Based systems Engineering (MBSE) have increased the efficiency of spacecraft, and satellite design in particular. Early design of satellites in Concurrent Engineering Centers (CEC) has almost become business as usual. However, such progress has still to be achieved for the design of launchers. Applying the same approaches as used for satellites has not led to the same amount of improvement, yet. To address this, DLR initiated the project Concurrent Launch Vehicle Analysis (CLAVA) to investigate the shortcomings and to improve the efficiency of conceptual launcher design and analysis. From an MBSE point of view, investigations show that concurrent modelling requires new Conceptual Data Models. In contrast to designing satellites, they are focused on a much more physical abstraction rather than a functional one. Regarding simulations, it has become clear that the conceptual design phase of launchers requires far more computationally intense simulations in a sequential order. With this knowledge, it is possible to outline a new process for CE studies allowing for concurrent design phases and sequential simulation phases. For this, an adjusted architecture of tools is required as well. The data model used for satellite studies within DLR's Concurrent Engineering Facility (CEF) does not fit to the requirements of launcher design and has been adapted. Additionally, DLR's aeronautics divisions have already made substantial progress in increasing the efficiency of their simulations. They employ automated simulation workflows using a parametric model for information exchange between integrated tools. This approach has been adopted and integrated. This paper outlines how this approach is combined with CE and MBSE concepts used for satellites and addresses the specific requirements of launcher design. It provides details about the database used during CE sessions, and how its information is transferred into the parametric data model used t

关键词： Concurrent engineering

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The future of energy markets and the challenge of decentralized self-management

The future of energy markets and the challenge of decentrali...

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8th International Workshop on Agents and Peer-to-Peer Computing, AP2PC 2009

作者： Brazier, Frances Ogston, Elth Warnier, Martijn Intelligent Interactive Distributed Systems VU University Amsterdam Netherlands Department of Computer Science University of Warwick United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9783642318085

Complex, intelligent, distributed systems in dynamic environments, such as the power grid need to be designed to adapt autonomously. Self-management, in particular of large scale adaptive systems such as the power grid, is necessarily distributed. Agent and peer-to-peer based decentralized self-management can change the future of energy markets in which the power grid plays a core role. Assuming that both consumers and providers of energy are autonomous systems, represented by software agents or peers capable of self-management, virtual organizations of systems can emerge and adapt when necessary. Communication structures between systems, e.g., hierarchical or clustered organizations, can emerge, organizations between and within which systems can choose to cooperate and coordinate their actions, or compete. Overlay structures (as defined within p2p research) define such adaptive communication structures, multi-agent research provides interaction patterns. Global goals are achieved by local management on the basis of local goals and knowledge. The appropriate delegation of managerial responsibility determines the control structure. Aggregate information differs depending on the position of a system in an organization, the aggregation mechanisms and policies. © 2012 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Multi agent systems

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Context generation with image based sensors: An interdisciplinary enquiry on technical and social issues and their implications for system design

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World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology 2010年 61卷 262-268页

作者： Moehrmann, Julia Heidemann, Gunter Siemoneit, Oliver Hubig, Christoph Kaeppeler, Uwe-Philipp Levi, Paul Institute for Visualization and Interactive Systems Intelligent Systems Department University of Stuttgart Germany Institute of Philosophy Chair for the Philosophy of Science and Technology University of Stuttgart Germany Institute of Parallel and Distributed Systems Image Understanding Department University of Stuttgart Germany

Image data holds a large amount of different context information. However, as of today, these resources remain largely untouched. It is thus the aim of this paper to present a basic technical framework which allows for a quick and easy exploitation of context information from image data especially by non-expert users. Furthermore, the proposed framework is discussed in detail concerning important social and ethical issues which demand special requirements in system design. Finally, a first sensor prototype is presented which meets the identified requirements. Additionally, necessary implications for the software and hardware design of the system are discussed, rendering a sensor system which could be regarded as a good, acceptable and justifiable technical and thereby enabling the extraction of context information from image data.

关键词： Image recognition

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A distributed Agent-based Approach to Stabilization of Global Resource Utilization

A Distributed Agent-based Approach to Stabilization of Globa...

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International Conference on Complex, intelligent and Software Intensive systems, CISIS

作者： Evangelos Pournaras Martijn Warnier Frances Brazier Intelligent Interactive Distributed Systems VU University Amsterdam Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9781424435692

distributed management of complex, distributed systems is the focus of this paper. Adaptation through local deliberation by software agents within a hierarchical virtual organization is the approach taken. Global stabilization of resource utilization is the goal. Electricity networks are used to illustrate the potential of two fitness functions on the basis of which local choices for resource utilization are made: minimizing oscillations is the first function considered, reversing oscillations the second. Results reveal considerable increase in the stabilization of resource utilization compared to a system that utilizes resources in a greedy manner.

关键词： Resource management Software agents intelligent agent Competitive intelligence Energy consumption intelligent systems Water heating Uncertainty Temperature Software systems

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Adaptive Agent-Based Self-Organization for Robust Hierarchical Topologies

Adaptive Agent-Based Self-Organization for Robust Hierarchic...

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International Conference on Adaptive and intelligent systems, ICAIS

作者： Evangelos Pournaras Martijn Warnier Frances M. T. Brazier Intelligent Interactive Distributed Systems VU University Amsterdam Netherlands

Virtual organizations in large-scale distributed environments can organize their communication in a hierarchical topology (i.e., trees). However, such topologies can be unreliable as local failures have a global impact in the organization. Hierarchical topologies need to adapt continuously to changes of the underlying environment. Pro-active and re-active self-organization can make such topologies highly robust. This paper proposes AETOS, the Adaptive Epidemic Tree Overlay Service. AETOS is a new agent-based approach for building and maintaining on-demand robust tree topologies that structure communication. Agents are pro-actively (self)-organized appropriately in a tree to minimize the effect of failures. In addition, they re-actively rewire their connections to reflect changes in the environment. The self-organization model, the control of the system and an illustrative example are discussed in this paper.

关键词： Robustness Topology Application software intelligent agent Software agents Adaptive systems intelligent systems Large-scale systems Communication system control Buildings

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Enforcing integrity of agent migration paths by distribution of trust

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International Journal of intelligent Information and Database systems 2009年第4期3卷 382-396页

作者： Warnier, Martijn Oey, Michel Timmer, Reinier Brazier, Frances Overeinder, Benno Intelligent Interactive Distributed Systems Group Department of Computer Science VU University Amsterdam de Boelelaan 1081a 1081 HV Amsterdam Netherlands NLnet Labs Kruislaan 419 1098 VA Amsterdam Netherlands

Agent mobility is the ability of an agent to migrate from one location to another across a network. Though conceptually relatively straightforward, in practice security of mobile agents is a challenge: from transport layer security to preservation of integrity in open environments. This paper discusses the security issues involved and proposes protocols for secure agent migration. AgentScape, an agent platform for mobile agents, is used to illustrate the feasibility of the implementation of these protocols. Copyright © 2009 nderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Mobile agents

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Decentralized performance-aware reconfiguration of complex service configurations

Decentralized performance-aware reconfiguration of complex s...

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20th Belgian-Dutch Conference on Artificial Intelligence, BNAIC 2008

作者： van Splunter, Sander van Langen, Pieter H.G. Brazier, Frances M.T. Intelligent Interactive Distributed Systems VU University Amsterdam Netherlands

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Security of distributed digital criminal dossiers

Journal of Software

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Journal of Software 2008年第3期3卷 21-29页

作者： Warnier, Martijn Brazier, Frances Oskamp, Anja Intelligent Interactive Distributed Systems Faculty of Sciences VU University Amsterdam Amtersdam Netherlands Computer Law Institute Faculty of Law VU University Amsterdam Amtersdam Netherlands

Securely managing shared information in distributed environments across multiple organisations is a challenge. distributed information management systems must be able to support individual organisations' information policies whilst securing global consistency and completeness. This paper proposes a multi-agent approach to a distributed multi-organisational system design based on this principle, focusing on the example of the distributed digital criminal dossier used in the Courts of Amsterdam and Rotterdam, compiled and managed by the Public Prosecution. Security requirements are identified and a distributed multi-agent architecture proposed. © 2008 Academy Publisher.

关键词： Crime

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