A computational framework for an accurate, robust, and efficient stereo approach is developed. Most of the deficiencies prevailing in current computational models of stereo can be attributed to their use of a single, ...
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A computational framework for an accurate, robust, and efficient stereo approach is developed. Most of the deficiencies prevailing in current computational models of stereo can be attributed to their use of a single, typically edge-element-based, primitive for stereo analysis and to their use of a single-level control strategy. The multi-primitive hierarchical (MPH) framework for stereo analysis presented is directed toward overcoming these deficiencies. In the MPH model, stereo analysis is performed in multiple stages, incorporating multiple primitives and utilizing a hierarchical control strategy. The higher levels of the hierarchical system are based on primitives containing more semantic information, and the results of stereo analysis at higher levels are used for guidance at the lower levels. It is shown that such a stereo system is superior to a single-level, single-primitive system.< >
In this paper we develop a framework for integrating real-Time software modules that comprise a reconfigurable multi-sensor based system. Our framework is based on the proposed concept of a global database of state in...
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The effectiveness of the ellipsoid representation for geometrical reasoning is demonstrated in the context of robotics. Specifically, a robot collision-detection problem that consists of computing a quantity that refl...
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The effectiveness of the ellipsoid representation for geometrical reasoning is demonstrated in the context of robotics. Specifically, a robot collision-detection problem that consists of computing a quantity that reflects, as a function of the geometrical data, the amount of clearance between the robot and its environment is discussed. The method consists of two algorithms. The first computes the optimal ellipsoid surrounding a convex polyhedron. The second computes an analytic formula for the free margin about one ellipsoid with respect to another, as a standard eigenvalue problem. An efficient incremental version of the latter algorithm is proposed. This system has been implemented, and preliminary simulation results are provided.< >
The authors investigate the prey capture problem in an uncluttered environment for a mobile robot equipped with a wide-beam sonar system. An analytical lower bound for the mean capture time is derived by assuming comp...
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The authors investigate the prey capture problem in an uncluttered environment for a mobile robot equipped with a wide-beam sonar system. An analytical lower bound for the mean capture time is derived by assuming complete information about the prey. Algorithms using qualitative and quantitative information are implemented for prey capture, and compared in terms of mean capture time and capture probability. Although qualitative information is sufficient, quantitative information assures more efficient prey capture to be achieved over a broader range of system parameters. Experimental results verifying the analysis and the simulations are provided.< >
The authors describe a simulation environment which can be of utility in the design, development, and operation of sensor-driven robotic systems. This environment incorporates the ability to simulate sensory inputs an...
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The authors describe a simulation environment which can be of utility in the design, development, and operation of sensor-driven robotic systems. This environment incorporates the ability to simulate sensory inputs and their effects on the planning and control functions. A detailed design of the simulator is presented. The simulator is integrated within an entire robotic system, and is utilized for automatic robot programming. Alternatively, the simulated system operation flow can be controlled through either a teach mode or a program mode. Five sensing modalities can be simulated: proximity, point laser range, ultrasonic range, laser range depth imagery, and edge-based intensity imagery. The simulation and animation of a particular robot is described. The unique features of the simulator are that it simulates and utilizes sensory information feedback, it integrates planning and simulation, and it makes the switching between real and simulation mode in the robotic system transparent to the user.< >
An approach to the control of a robot manipulator in grasping a simple moving target with constant speed is presented. A layered neural network architecture-based controller has been developed. It can automatically le...
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An approach to the control of a robot manipulator in grasping a simple moving target with constant speed is presented. A layered neural network architecture-based controller has been developed. It can automatically learn visual motor coordination for the fast reaching movements required in grasping a moving target. A learning scheme known as two-phase learning is described for teaching the skill to the controller. Learning in the controller is achieved through a sequence of trial movements without the presence of a 'teacher'. Visual feedback showing the action of the controller is used to adapt it so as to reduce the error between the target and the robot's gripper.< >
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