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Active RIS-Aided Massive MIMO With Imperfect CSI and Phase Noise

IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 2025年

作者： Peng, Zhangjie Zhu, Jianchen Pan, Cunhua Zhang, Zaichen Da Costa, Daniel Benevides Elkashlan, Maged Karagiannidis, George K. Shanghai Normal University College of Information Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Shanghai200234 China Southeast University National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Nanjing210096 China Interdisciplinary Research Center for Communication Systems and Sensing Department of Electrical Engineering Dhahran31261 Saudi Arabia Queen Mary University of London School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science LondonE1 4NS United Kingdom Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Greece Artificial Intelligence and Cyber Systems Research Center Lebanon

As a recently proposed reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) architecture, active RIS has drawn considerable interest. The important feature of the active RIS is its ability to strengthen the impinging signals to mitigate the multiplicative fading effect inherent in passive RIS-aided systems. Herein, we explore the performance of an active RIS-aided uplink multi-user massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system, considering the phase noise at the RIS. Furthermore, a two-timescale scheme is utilized, where the base station (BS) beamforming is designed based on the instantaneous aggregated channel state information (CSI), while the statistical CSI is used for designing the phase shifts of the active RIS. In addition, the linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE) estimator is adopted to estimate the aggregated channel, which combines both the cascaded and direct channels. According to the estimated channel, a closedform expression for the lower bound of achievable rate is derived. Based on the theoretical expressions, the power scaling laws for the considered system are also investigated. Specifically, when each user’s transmit power is proportionally reduced by the quantity of BS antennas M or RIS elements N, we find that the amplified thermal noise causes the lower bound of the achievable rate to approach zero as M or N tends to infinity. Moreover, an optimization approach based on a genetic algorithm (GA) is introduced to obtain the optimal phase shifts for maximizing the achievable rate. Numerical results reveal that the active RIS can greatly enhance the performance of the massive MIMO system compared to its passive counterpart. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Genetic algorithms

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Risk-Aware Reward Shaping of Reinforcement Learning Agents for Autonomous Driving

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Wu, Lin-Chi Zhang, Zengjie Haesaert, Sofie Ma, Zhiqiang Sun, Zhiyong Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Netherlands Research Center for Intelligent Robotics School of Astronautics Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi’an710072 China

Reinforcement learning (RL) is an effective approach to motion planning in autonomous driving, where an optimal driving policy can be automatically learned using the interaction data with the environment. Nevertheless, the reward function for an RL agent, which is significant to its performance, is challenging to determine. The conventional work mainly focuses on rewarding safe driving states but does not incorporate the awareness of risky driving behaviors of the vehicles. In this paper, we investigate how to use risk-aware reward shaping to leverage the training and test performance of RL agents in autonomous driving. Based on the essential requirements that prescribe the safety specifications for general autonomous driving in practice, we propose additional reshaped reward terms that encourage exploration and penalize risky driving behaviors. A simulation study in OpenAI Gym indicates the advantage of risk-aware reward shaping for various RL agents. Also, we point out that proximal policy optimization (PPO) is likely to be the best RL method that works with risk-aware reward shaping. © 2023, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Comparative Analysis of Different Sliding Mode Control Approaches for Load Frequency Control in Edge of the Grid System

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IET Generation, Transmission and Distribution 2025年第1期19卷

作者： Aich, Pritom Ahmed, Anis Shah, Rakibuzzaman Islam, Md Rabiul Roy, Naruttam Kumar Nasir, Ali Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Daffodil International University Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Khulna University of Engineering & Technology Khulna Bangladesh Federation University Australia Mt HelenVIC Australia School of Electrical Computer and Telecommunications Engineering University of Wollongong WollongongNSW Australia Control and Instrumentation Engineering Department King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran Saudi Arabia Interdisciplinary Research Center for Intelligent Manufacturing and Robotics King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran Saudi Arabia

The integration of renewable energy sources (RESs) at the edge of the grid plays a contributory role in advancing the transition to a sustainable energy future. However, this transition introduces significant variability, which challenges the maintenance of frequency stability in power systems. To address the impacts of RES variability, various robust control strategies have been developed. This paper compares the performance of different advanced sliding mode control (SMC) approaches, i.e., super twisting (ST) algorithm-based second order sliding mode control (STSOSMC), second order sliding mode control (SOSMC), double integral sliding mode control (DISMC) and integral sliding mode control (ISMC) with conventional sliding mode control (SMC) for load frequency control with stochastic RESs such as biogas generators (BG) and wind-based doubly fed induction generators (DFIG). The impact of the advanced sliding mode controllers on the voltage and rotor angle stability of the system is also explored. The efficacy of the controllers is tested under different load disturbances, considering nonlinearities such as communication delay (CD), sensor inaccuracy (SI), governor dead band (GDB), and generation rate constraint (GRC). The results demonstrate that STSOSMC achieves superior frequency regulation with minimal chattering and outperforms other controllers in terms of settling time, overshooting, and undershooting in frequency deviation. The result also demonstrates the effectiveness of STSOSMC in managing the variability and disturbances of RESs. Therefore, it could be considered the most robust control mechanism from the edge of the grid system with high penetration of RESs. © 2025 The Author(s). IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Institution of engineering and Technology.

关键词： Robust control

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Bifurcations and Application of the Vallis - Model 11

Bifurcations and Application of the Vallis - Model

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11th IEEE International Conference on Computational Cybernetics and Cyber-Medical systems, ICCC 2024

作者： Nagy, Balint Molnar, Gyorgy Joos, Antal Nagy, Eniko Institute of Computer Engineering University of Dunaújváros Department of Mathematics Dunaújváros Hungary Budapest Business University Faculty of Finance and Accountancy Department of Applied Quantitative Methods Budapest Hungary Institute of Electrophysics Óbuda University Kandó Kálmán Faculty of Electrical Engineering Department of Natural Sciences Budapest Hungary Óbuda University Kandó Kálmán Faculty of Electrical Engineering Budapest Hungary Széchenyi University János Csere Apáczai Faculty Győr Hungary Antal Bejczy Center for Intelligent Robotics Institute of Cyberphysical Systems Óbuda University John von Neumann Faculty Budapest Hungary

ISBN: (纸本)9798350350142

Investigating chaotic systems is a fertile field considering that chaos is an exotic chapter in the theory of differential equations, and it has useful applications in the theory of communications. In this work a well-known chaotic system is investigated from the bifurcation point of view and some applications are also introduced. The data studied are also visualized for better clarity. The results observed can be helpful in the encryption methods of the implementation of different communication channels. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Chaotic systems

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Subwavelength on-chip light focusing with bigradient all-dielectric metamaterials for dense photonic integration

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InfoMat 2022年第2期4卷 139-151页

作者： Zhihao Ren Bowei Dong Qifeng Qiao Xinmiao Liu Jinyuan Liu Guangya Zhou Chengkuo Lee Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS(CISM) National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore NUS Suzhou Research Institute(NUSRI) SuzhouChina Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore NUS Graduate School-Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme(ISEP) National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore

Photonic integrated circuits(PICs)provide a promising platform for miniaturized on-chip optical systems for communication,computation,and sensing *** dense integration of photonic components is one of the keys to exploit the advantages of *** light focusing is a fundamental and indispensable function in PICs,focusing light at the micro/nanometer-scale is ***,a bigradient on-chip metalens(BOML)is proposed to achieve ultrasmall focal lengths and spot sizes at the subwavelength scale for dense *** design of BOML combines gradient geometry and gradient refractive index into one metalens by simultaneously engineering the length and width of subwavelength silicon *** a small device footprint of only 168μm,the BOML achieves efficient on-chip focusing with the recordbreaking figure-of-merits,which are the ratio of wavelength to focal length/spot size(0.268 and 2.83)and numerical aperture(1.78).Leveraging on the Fresnel design,the footprint of BOML is further reduced by 55.1%,and the numerical aperture is enhanced to *** demonstration of mode conversion and beam steering with efficiency over 80%and a tilting range of 7.2°holds the potential for highly dense on-chip photonic systems for optical communication,optical sensing,nonlinear optics,and neural networks for deep learning.

关键词： all-dielectric metamaterials beam steering mid-infrared on-chip focusing photonic integrated circuits

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A small family service robot system with uncalibrated monocular camera for visual servoing tracking fast moving family targets in short range

A small family service robot system with uncalibrated monocu...

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2022 International Symposium on Biomimetic Intelligence and robotics, ISBIR 2022

作者： Zhou, Zhihui Zhu, Shiqiang Zhu, Kaiyuan Cheng, Chao Gu, Jason Intelligent Robotic Research Center Zhejiang Lab Zhejiang Hangzhou310000 China Zhejiang University Zhejiang Hangzhou310000 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Dalhousie University HalifaxNS Canada

Small family service robots are essential applications in service robots, and their accurate tracking of moving targets is the primary condition for robot-human interaction. Compared with long-range target tracking, the limited family space leads to the short distance between the robot and the target, which often leads to the problem of large circumferential relative angular velocity between the robot and the moving target. It dramatically reduces the ability of the robot to track the fast target motion at close range and at different scales. In this paper, a novel family service robot system based on monocular RGB and robot terminal calculation is proposed to track fast-moving targets in close range. Based on the construction of the robot body with two rotation directions, the neural network model is used for visual detection and recognition of the target object. Combined with the historical information of the target, the new relative azimuth information of the target object is calculated to control the changes in the pitch angle and yaw angle of the robot body and realize the servo tracking of the robot vision on the moving target. Experimental results confirm the visual servoing tracking ability of the tiny family service robot system for indoor moving objects, which will positively promote the application of small intelligent service robots. © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the Proceedings of International Symposium on Biomimetic Intelligence and robotics.

关键词： Target tracking

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Dual-beam photothermal material trace detection method based on self-mixing interference

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Applied Optics 2025年第16期64卷 4549-4558页

作者： Zhao, Yan Zhi, Yunlong Zhao, Hui Dong, Daming Tong, Jigang Tu, Chunling School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Tianjin University of Technology Tianjin300384 China Tianjin Key Laboratory for Control Theory and Applications in Complicated Systems Tianjin300384 China National Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Agricultural Equipment Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Beijing100097 China Department of Computer Systems Engineering Faculty of ICT Tshwane University of Technology Pretoria0188 South Africa

In this paper, a dual-beam photothermal self-mixing substance trace detection system is proposed. The crystal violet (CV) solution of the sample undergoes a thermal lens effect under the action of pump photoperiod excitation, and the refractive index changes cause the deviation of the probe beam, and the self-mixing interference (SMI) effect occurs when the modulated light returns to the cavity. By combining theoretical and experimental results, the power fluctuation of the SMI signal caused by the thermo-optic effect is linearly related to CV concentration and other parameters. At an excitation power of 24 mW, the detection limit can reach 8.0 × 10−8 mol/L. This method does not require labeling or complex CV pretreatment and has high sensitivity and flexibility, providing a guide for CV characterization in biological, environmental, and pharmaceutical research. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group.

关键词： Gaussian beams Laser beams Optical fields Phase shift Refractive index Spatial resolution

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On the Performance of RIS-assisted Networks with HQAM

On the Performance of RIS-assisted Networks with HQAM

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European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC)

作者： Thrassos K. Oikonomou Dimitrios Tyrovolas Sotiris A. Tegos Panagiotis D. Diamantoulakis Panagiotis Sarigiannidis Christos Liaskos George K. Karagiannidis Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Western Macedonia Kozani Greece Computer Science Engineering Department University of Ioannina Ioannina Greece Artificial Intelligence & Cyber Systems Research Center Lebanese American University (LAU) Lebanon

ISBN: (数字)9798350344998

ISBN: (纸本)9798350345001

In this paper, we investigate the application of hexagonal quadrature amplitude modulation (HQAM) in reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted networks, specifically focusing on its efficiency in reducing the number of required reflecting elements. Specifically, we present analytical expressions for the average symbol error probability (ASEP) and propose a new metric for conditioned energy efficiency, which assesses the network’s energy consumption while ensuring the ASEP remains below a certain threshold. Additionally, we introduce an innovative detection algorithm for HQAM constellations, which demonstrates a substantial reduction in computational complexity. Finally, our study reveals that HQAM significantly enhances both the ASEP and energy efficiency compared to traditional quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) schemes.

关键词： Measurement Wireless communication Monte Carlo methods Quadrature amplitude modulation Error probability Symbols Focusing

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Design and application of a one-stop mobile application sharing platform for steel enterprises

Design and application of a one-stop mobile application shar...

引用

第42届中国控制会议

作者： Xinzhe Chen Luefeng Chen Jie Hu Qingfeng Yang Min Wu Witold Pedrycz School of Automation China University of Geosciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Geo-Exploration Ministry of Education Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta

As China's steel production accounts for an increasing share of the world's output, the intelligent transformation of the steel industry is becoming increasingly urgent. To address issues such as low levels of mobile informationization in steel enterprises and the lack of an industry-specific mobile application platform, it is of great significance to establish a shared mobile application platform for the steel industry. In this paper, the requirements of the platform were analyzed, and the platform's functions were designed. The software design of the platform was then carried out, and the entire mobile application sharing platform was developed, effectively improving the production management efficiency of steel enterprises. The results indicate that the platform can effectively meet the needs of steel enterprises and has significant engineering significance.

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Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for EIT Image Reconstruction 20

Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for EIT Image...

引用

20th International Multi-Conference on systems, Signals and Devices, SSD 2023

作者： Kahouli, Oumayma Hafsa, Mariem Hellara, Hiba Bennour, Imed Eddine Essoukri Ben Amarax, Najoua Kanoun, Olfa University of Sousse National Engineering School of Sousse Department of Computer Science Sousse4023 Tunisia National Engineering School of Sousse Laboratory of Advanced Technology and Intelligent Systems Tunisia Technische Universität Chemnitz Laboratory of Measurement and Sensor Technology Chemnitz Germany University of Sfax Laboratory of Signals Systems Artificial Intelligence and Networks Digital Research Center of Sfax Tunisia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350332568

electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a clinical imaging technique that gained a lot of attention because it is a non-invasive and radiation-free method. To obtain an inner image of the domain under study, a specific number of electrodes is attached to the surface of the object, then through a pair of electrodes, a low alternative current is injected. Potentials produced by this injection are measured with the remaining electrodes. Based on these boundary voltages measurements, the inner conductivity can be inferred, thus the image is reconstructed. The focus of this paper is to overcome the major weakness of the EIT image reconstruction technique, which is the low spatial resolution of the reconstructed images caused by the non-linearity of EIT inverse problem. This paper considers this problem, an optimization problem that is solved using the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) meta-heuristic. A variant of the standard PSO is proposed and validated, first on a circular mesh composed of 686 triangles then on a lung mesh composed of 2707 triangles. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Electrodes

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