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Biomedical engineering International Conference (BMEiCON)

作者： Divya Syal Juan Zuluaga Navid Shaghaghi Department of Computer Science & Engineering (CSEN) and Information Systems & Analytics (ISA) Ethical Pragmatic and Intelligent Computing (EPIC) Research Laboratory Santa Clara University (SCU) Santa Clara California USA

ISBN: (数字)9798331505431

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505448

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is a flu-like illness annually responsible for 100K-160K hospitalizations and 6K-10K deaths in adults above the age of 65 as well as 58K-80K hospitalizations and 100–300 deaths in children under 5 years of age in the United States. A live prediction of the rate of growth of RSV cases during the RSV season can empower healthcare organizations to best prepare for RSV peaks and ultimately reduce the RSV mortality rate without over-budgeting, be it pharmaceutical companies producing too many perishable testing kits, vaccines and medications or hospitals keeping too many beds and staffing in reserve and thus away from other needed patients. This study adds a new RSV forecasting model to eVision, the collection of disease-forecasting Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural networks, developed by Santa Clara University's EPIC (Ethical, Pragmatic, and intelligent Computing) Research lab. This model leverages data from the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Google Trends between 2021–2024 to predict the trend of RSV cases through the typical RSV season and beyond in the United States. Given the lack of extensive RSV data - which has only been collected by the CDC on a national level since 2021 - and how easily RSV is mistaken for other diseases, this model has a limitation on the number of weeks ahead in which its prediction can maintain a high accuracy for. This model successfully predicts percent positive RSV Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) tests with 94.45 % forecasting accuracy three weeks in advance at the national level, for the 2023–2024 RSV season.

关键词： Accuracy computer viruses Computational modeling Biological system modeling Buildings Predictive models Market research Data models Forecasting Long short term memory

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WTDUN: Wavelet Tree-Structured Sampling and Deep Unfolding Network for Image Compressed Sensing

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Han, Kai Wang, Jin Shi, Yunhui Cai, Hanqin Ling, Nam Yin, Baocai Beijing Key Laboratory of Multimedia and Intelligent Software Technology Beijing Institute of Artificial Intelligence School of Information Science and Technology Beijing University of Technology China School of Computer Science Beijing University of Technology China The Department of Statistics and Data Science The Department of Computer Science University of Central Florida United States The Department of Computer Science and Engineering Santa Clara University United States

Deep unfolding networks have gained increasing attention in the field of compressed sensing (CS) owing to their theoretical interpretability and superior reconstruction performance. However, most existing deep unfolding methods often face the following issues: 1) they learn directly from single-channel images, leading to a simple feature representation that does not fully capture complex features;and 2) they treat various image components uniformly, ignoring the characteristics of different components. To address these issues, we propose a novel wavelet-domain deep unfolding framework named WTDUN, which operates directly on the multi-scale wavelet subbands. Our method utilizes the intrinsic sparsity and multi-scale structure of wavelet coefficients to achieve a tree-structured sampling and reconstruction, effectively capturing and highlighting the most important features within images. Specifically, the design of tree-structured reconstruction aims to capture the inter-dependencies among the multi-scale subbands, enabling the identification of both fine and coarse features, which can lead to a marked improvement in reconstruction quality. Furthermore, a wavelet domain adaptive sampling method is proposed to greatly improve the sampling capability, which is realized by assigning measurements to each wavelet subband based on its importance. Unlike pure deep learning methods that treat all components uniformly, our method introduces a targeted focus on important subbands, considering their energy and sparsity. This targeted strategy lets us capture key information more efficiently while discarding less important information, resulting in a more effective and detailed reconstruction. Extensive experimental results on various datasets validate the superior performance of our proposed method. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Compressed sensing

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A K -Band Four-Beam Transmitter with Decoupled Phase/Gain Control and Enhanced Power Back off Efficiency for SATCOM

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IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 2024年第11期72卷 6443-6459页

作者： Gao, Huiyan Li, Nayu Xie, Xinhong Wang, Shaogang Lu, Hang Kuan, Yen-Cheng Yu, Xiaopeng Song, Chunyi Jane Gu, Qun Xu, Zhiwei Institute of Marine Electronics and Intelligent Systems Ocean College Zhejiang University Zhoushan316021 China Engineering Research Center of Oceanic Sensing Technology and Equipment Ministry of Education Zhoushan316021 China Donghai Laboratory Zhoushan316021 China National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University International College of Semiconductor Technology Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Institute of VLSI Design and Research College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310058 China University of California at Davis Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering DavisCA95616 United States

This article presents a 17.7-20.2 GHz eight-element four-beam RF-beamforming transmitter in 65-nm CMOS for satellite communication (SATCOM). The transmitter utilizes an analog scheme in the variable-gain amplifier (VGA) to achieve dB-in-linear gain control with a high dynamic range (DR), together with a current combining crossbar for a compact footprint. The vector-modulation-based (VM-based) phase shifter (PS) adopts the cancellation-based Gm units for low switching variation. Furthermore, eight PSs of each beam are split into two groups, with each group sharing the same tunable I/Q generator for low power consumption. Considering the increased peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) caused by high-order modulation schemes and multibeam operation, the transmitter incorporates compact transformer-based Doherty power amplifiers (DPAs) with adaptive bias control to improve the power efficiency at back-off. The chip achieves a 31-dB gain-tuning range with a 0.283-dB step and a 360° phase-shifting range with a calibrated 7-bit resolution. The measured root-mean-square (RMS) phase/gain errors induced by the VGA/PS are below 2.05°/0.147 dB, respectively, which decouples phase/gain control. The transmitter achieves a maximum output 1-dB gain compression point (OP1dB) of 17.9 dBm and a maximum saturated power (Psat) of 18.9 dBm. The output element exhibits 29.3% drain efficiency (DE) at 6-dB power back off (PBO) from Psat , which is 1.56/3.12 times over the normalized class-B/class-A implementations, demonstrating Doherty PBO efficiency enhancement. The chip occupies an area of 8.59 × 4.17 mm2 and consumes 398 mW per element at OP1dB. Additionally, a 16-element linear array has been developed to showcase the capabilities of the multibeam operation and gain tapering. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Efficiency

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Blockchain in Environmental Sustainability Measures: a Survey

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Vladucu, Maria-Victoria Wu, Hailun Medina, Jorge Salehin, Khondaker M. Dong, Ziqian Rojas-Cessa, Roberto The Network and Innovation Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering New York Institute of Technology New YorkNY10023 United States Department of Computer Science University of Portland PortlandOR97203 United States The Networking and Intelligent Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering New Jersey Institute of Technology NewarkNJ07102 United States

Real and effective regulation of contributions to greenhouse gas emissions and pollutants requires unbiased and truthful monitoring. Blockchain has emerged not only as an approach that provides verifiable economical interactions but also as a mechanism to keep the measurement, monitoring, incentivation of environmental conservationist practices and enforcement of policy. Here, we present a survey of areas in what blockchain has been considered as a response to concerns on keeping an accurate recording of environmental practices to monitor levels of pollution and management of environmental practices. We classify the applications of blockchain into different segments of concerns, such as greenhouse gas emissions, solid waste, water, plastics, food waste, and circular economy, and show the objectives for the addressed concerns. We also classify the different blockchains and the explored and designed properties as identified for the proposed solutions. At the end, we provide a discussion about the niches and challenges that remain for future research. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Circular economy

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Improving Zero-Shot Coordination with Diversely Rewarded Partner Agents

Improving Zero-Shot Coordination with Diversely Rewarded Par...

引用

International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： Peilin Wu Zhenhua Yang Peng Yang Department of Computer Science and Engineering Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain-Inspired Intelligent Computation Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China Department of Statistics and Data Science Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China

ISBN: (数字)9798350359312

ISBN: (纸本)9798350359329

Zero-shot coordination studies the training of well-generalizing human-AI coordination agents in the scenario where human data is unavailable. To obtain a coordination agent generalize to unseen humans, prevailing methods generate a population of partner agents as proxy models of human partners and then train a coordination agent with these partner agents. Constructed partner agents are expected to be as diverse as possible to cover a wide range of human behaviors, preventing a distribution shift between training and testing stages. Recent works concentrate on studying effective methods of creating a group of high-reward while diverse partner agents to model unseen human partners. However, the resulting high-reward partner agents do not accurately reflect real-world situations, considering that human decisions are not always optimal and may sometimes even hinder the progression of coordination. Therefore, these studies still struggle to capture the potential characteristics of human partners. In this work, reinforcement learning (RL) and supervised learning (SL) are integrated to train a reward-conditioned policy. By conditioned on different desired rewards, a reward-conditioned policy simulates both low-reward and high-reward partners. Additionally, a reward-bucketed replay buffer and curriculum learning are applied to enhance reward diversity and boost the training of coordination agents. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed reward-conditioned policy is capable of generating agents with different rewards. Moreover, the zero-shot coordination performance of agents trained with these partners surpasses previous methods in the majority of scenarios within the Overcooked human-AI coordination benchmark.

关键词： Training Impedance matching Supervised learning Neural networks Reinforcement learning Benchmark testing Trajectory

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An Adaptive Decision-Making Approach for Better Selection of Blockchain Platform for Health Insurance Frauds Detection with Smart Contracts: Development and Performance Evaluation

引用

Procedia computer science 2023年 220卷 470-477页

作者： Rima Kaafarani Leila Ismail Oussama Zahwe ICCS-Lab Computer Science Department American University of Culture and Education 1507 Beirut Lebanon Cloud Computing and Distributed Systems (CLOUDS) Laboratory School of Computing and Information Systems The University of Melbourne Melbourne Australia Intelligent Distributed Computing and Systems (INDUCE) Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering College of Information Technology United Arab Emirates University Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates National Water and Energy Center United Arab Emirates University Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates

Blockchain technology has piqued the interest of businesses of all types, while consistently improving and adapting to business requirements. Several blockchain platforms have emerged, making it challenging to select a suitable one for a specific type of business. This paper presents a classification of over one hundred blockchain platforms. We develop smart contracts for detecting healthcare insurance frauds using the top two blockchain platforms selected based on our proposed decision-making map approach which selects the top suitable platforms for healthcare insurance frauds detection application. Our classification shows that the largest percentage of platforms can be used for all types of application domains, the second biggest percentage for financial services, and a small number is to develop applications in specific domains. Our decision-making map and performance evaluations reveal that Hyperledger Fabric surpassed Neo in all metrics for detecting healthcare insurance frauds.

关键词： Blockchain Decision-Map Health Insurance Frauds Detection Hyperledger Fabric Neo Smart Contract Smart Healthcare

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Diving into Continual Ultra-fine-grained Visual Categorization

Diving into Continual Ultra-fine-grained Visual Categorizati...

引用

Proceedings of the Digital Image Computing: Technqiues and Applications (DICTA)

作者： Pengcheng Zhang Xiaohan Yu Xiao Bai Jin Zheng Xiaoyu Wu Yongsheng Gao School of Computer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment Jiangxi Research Institute Beihang University Beijing China Institute for Integrated and Intelligent Systems Griffith University Nathan Australia

Recent advance in ultra-fine-grained visual categorization (ultra-FGVC) has significantly boosted the capability of deep neural networks for ultra-FGVC tasks. However, building models for continually learning to recognize increasing ultra-fine-grained categories is still under-explored. This limits the application of ultra-FGVC techniques in real-world production. To this, we take the first attempt for continual ultra-FGVC. By evaluating existing continual learning methods on the constructed continual ultra-FGVC benchmark, we observe that the main bottleneck lies in the limited model plasticity for incrementally adapting to new tasks. This can be caused by excessive anti-forgetting constraints as the difficult ultra-FGVC task requires substantial update of parameters, and over-fitting on early tasks given that the ultra-fine-grained categories are with very few training samples. To tackle these problems, we propose a joint self-supervised learning and prompting model. The prompt-based continual learning framework offers proper anti-forgetting operation by fixed pretrained vision transformer and adaptive prompt selection. By jointly optimizing the learnable prompts with an adversarial self-supervised loss, the over-fitting on each continual learning task is mitigated. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms existing continual learning methods on the challenging continual ultra-FGVC problem.

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SLAM algorithm based on bounding box and deep continuity in dynamic scene

引用

International Journal of Wireless and Mobile Computing 2021年第4期21卷 349-364页

作者： Fang, Baofu Han, Xiumeng Wang, Zaijun Yuan, Xiaohui School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Intelligent Interconnected Systems Laboratory of Anhui Province Hefei University of Technology Anhui Hefei230009 China Key Laboratory of Flight Techniques and Flight Safety Civil Aviation Flight University of China Sichuan Guanghan618307 China Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of North Texas DentonTX311277 United States

To solve the problems of low positioning accuracy and poor robustness caused by the inability of Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping (SLAM) algorithm to deal with dynamic targets in dynamic scenes, a SLAM algorithm based on bounding box and depth continuity in dynamic scenes is proposed. Firstly, the pixel random search filling process is carried out in combination with the depth and the bounding box to obtain the pixel-level segmentation result of the prior dynamic target. Then, the dynamic features are screened to eliminate the influence of dynamic targets. According to the screening results, relative static features which can be used for posture optimisation are selected. Posture optimisation is carried out by combining the static features to obtain the optimised camera posture. All experimental results show that the proposed algorithm significantly improves the positioning accuracy and real-time performance of SLAM algorithm in complex dynamic scenes. Copyright © 2021 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Mapping

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Evolutionary Dynamic Optimization-Based Calibration Framework for Agent-Based Financial Market Simulators

Evolutionary Dynamic Optimization-Based Calibration Framewor...

引用

Congress on Evolutionary Computation

作者： Zhenhua Yang Muyao Zhong Peng Yang Department of Computer Science and Engineering Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain-Inspired Intelligent Computation Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China Department of Statistics and Data Science Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China

ISBN: (数字)9798350308365

ISBN: (纸本)9798350308372

The agent-based financial market simulators serve as an important validation tool for trading strategies. For high-fidelity simulation, it is pivotal to calibrate the parameters of a simulator so that the generated simulation data resembles the observed real market data of interest. In traditional calibration methods, it is typical that the parameters of the simulator are set to be time-invariant. However, the dynamic nature of the real financial market introduces various variability into the behaviors of the market participants over different time intervals, posing in-herent limitations to the traditional methods. A more reasonable approach might involve employing a simulator with time-variant parameters. This suggests that the model parameters can be dynamically adjusted at different stages of the simulation to adapt to the evolving market. Consequently, the calibration problem of the financial market simulators can be treated as a dynamic optimization problem. To dynamically calibrate the simulators, we introduce an Evolutionary Dynamic Optimization (EDO) framework. By monitoring the changes of the best fitness, the whole simulation time interval is adaptively divided into multiple stages. Then the Negatively Correlated Search (NCS) algorithm is employed to effectively adjust the parameters at different simulation stages to better simulate the real financial market. Empirical results on both synthetic and real data verify that our dynamic calibration framework significantly outperforms traditional calibration methods that fixing a parameter for the whole simulation interval. The proposed strategy of detecting dynamic changes is also shown to be more reliable than the naive method of manually segmenting stages. In terms of calibration time, our proposed method significantly improves by nearly 93% compared to the fixed parameter setting, and approximately 61% compared to manual segmentation calibration.

关键词： Adaptation models Fluctuations Heuristic algorithms Computational modeling Scalability Manuals Data models

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D2NT: A High-Performing Depth-to-Normal Translator

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Feng, Yi Xue, Bohuan Liu, Ming Chen, Qijun Fan, Rui The College of Electronic & Information Engineering The State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Autonomous Systems Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Tongji University Shanghai201804 China The Department of Computer Science & Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Nansha Guangzhou511400 China

Surface normal holds significant importance in visual environmental perception, serving as a source of rich geometric information. However, the state-of-the-art (SoTA) surface normal estimators (SNEs) generally suffer from an unsatisfactory trade-off between efficiency and accuracy. To resolve this dilemma, this paper first presents a superfast depth-to-normal translator (D2NT), which can directly translate depth images into surface normal maps without calculating 3D coordinates. We then propose a discontinuity-aware gradient (DAG) filter, which adaptively generates gradient convolution kernels to improve depth gradient estimation. Finally, we propose a surface normal refinement module that can easily be integrated into any depth-to-normal SNEs, substantially improving the surface normal estimation accuracy. Our proposed algorithm demonstrates the best accuracy among all other existing real-time SNEs and achieves the SoTA trade-off between efficiency and accuracy. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Efficiency

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