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SEPARATING graphics FROM APPLICATION IN THE DESIGN OF USER INTERFACES

computer JOURNAL 1990年第5期33卷 437-443页

作者： NEELAMKAVIL, F MULLARNEY, O Interactive Graphics Systems Group Department of Computer Science Trinity College Dublin Ireland UK

Until recently work in the area of User Interface development has been almost entirely ad hoc. Implementors have had to rely on their own judgement not only in the area of the interface appearance and dynamics, butalso in the internal structure of interaction management. Considerable confusion exists in defining what constitutes a goodUser Interface, and in the management processes required to construct them. Insufficient software foundations and a lack offormalisms, tools and methodologies are contributing factors. To some extent these problems have been addressed by the UserInterface Management System (UIMS) community, primarily for those working on large systems. This paper describes a methodology,developed as part of the design of a User Interface Manager, aimed at providing implementors with a structure for buildinginterfaces which are separable from their underlying *** July 1988. revised May 1989.

关键词： computer graphics

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interactive VISUALIZATION OF VECTOR DATA IN UNSTRUCTURED VOLUMES

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computerS & graphics 1994年第1期18卷 73-80页

作者： FRUHAUF, T Darmstadt Technical University Department of Computer Science Interactive Graphics Systems Group Wilhelminenstrasse 7 64238 Darmstadt Germany

Particle-based flow visualization techniques are used for the investigation of huge, complex data sets from computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Particle tracing requires the interpolation of local velocity inside a discretized data set and the numerical integration, to find succeeding spatial positions of the moving particles. More and more often, CFD-data is computed on unstructured Finite Element grids, which makes interpolation and integration difficult. One strategy is to resample the unstructured volume data to a regular one. In contrast to this, this article describes how particle tracing can be performed directly inside unstructured grids, thereby preserving the quality and size of the original data for visualization: The basic idea is to perform the integration in the computational space of the individual cells of the grid. This leads to a faster computation of the particle's new position and an easier determination of the corresponding new cell into which the particle has moved. The proposed algorithms allow an interactive investigation with real-time computation of particle trajectories of huge data sets that are organized on unstructured grids.

关键词： interactive computer graphics

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Raytracing point clouds using geometric algebra

Raytracing point clouds using geometric algebra

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1st International Workshop on computer graphics, computer Vision and Mathematics, GraVisMa 2009

作者： Deul, Crispin Burger, Michael Hildenbrand, Dietmar Koch, Andreas Interactive Graphics Systems Group Computer Science Department TU Darmstadt Germany Embedded Systems and Applications Computer Science Department TU Darmstadt Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9788086943909

Geometric Algebra (GA) supports the geometrically intuitive development of an algorithm with its build-in geometric primitives such as points, lines, spheres or planes. But on the negative side GA has a huge computational footprint. In this paper we study how GA can compete with traditional methods from Linear Algebra (LA) in the field of raytracing. We examine the raytracing algorithm for both GA and LA on the basis of primitive operations. Furthermore we introduce a novel framework for rendering point clouds based on spheres and planes as surface elements. We use this model to benchmark implementations of both algebras. Our results show that depending on the microprocessor architecture like CPUs, FPGAs or GPUs Geometric Algebra and Linear Algebra can raytrace with comparable speed.

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays (FPGA)

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Gaalop 2.0 - A geometric algebra algorithm compiler

Gaalop 2.0 - A geometric algebra algorithm compiler

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2nd International Workshop on computer graphics, computer Vision and Mathematics, GraVisMa 2010

作者： Schwinn, Christian Hildenbrand, Dietmar Stock, Florian Koch, Andreas TU Darmstadt Germany Department of Computer Science Germany TU Darmstadt Germany Department of Computer Science Interactive Graphics Systems Group Germany TU Darmstadt Germany Department of Computer Science Embedded Systems and Applications Group Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9788086943855

In recent years, Geometric Algebra (GA) has become more and more popular in fields of science and engineering due to its potential for compact algorithms. However, the execution of GA algorithms and the related need for high computational power is still the limiting factor for these algorithms to be used in practice. Therefore, it would be desirable to automatically detect parts that can be calculated in parallel by a software tool. In this paper, we present Gaalop 2.0, a Geometric Algebra Algorithm Compiler, which takes as input the description of a GA algorithm, symbolically optimizes the output multivectors and compiles the optimized code into a target language source file such as C++, for instance. For each output multivector the code for the different coefficients is generated, which is finally adjusted to contain only basic arithmetic operations instead. This allows the optimized output to be compiled for parallel computing platforms like FPGAs, for instance.

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays (FPGA)

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Information-theoretic analysis of molecular (co)evolution using graphics processing units

Information-theoretic analysis of molecular (co)evolution us...

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3rd International Emerging Computational Methods for the Life sciences Workshop, ECMLS 2012

作者： Waechter, Michael Jaeger, Kathrin Weissgraeber, Stephanie Widmer, Sven Goesele, Michael Hamacher, Kay Interactive Graphics Systems Group Dept. of Computer Science TU Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany Bioinformatics Group Department of Biology TU Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany Bioinformatics Group Depts. of Biology Physics and Computer Science TU Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450313391

We present a massively-parallel implementation of the computation of (co)evolutionary signals from biomolecular sequence alignments based on mutual information (MI) and a normalization procedure to neutral evolution. The MI is computed for two- and three-point correlations within any multiple-sequence alignment. The high computational demand in the normalization procedure is efficiently met by an implementation on graphics Processing Units (GPUs) using NVIDIA's CUDA framework. GPU computation serves as an enabling technology here insofar as MI normalization is also possible using traditional computational methods but only GPU computation makes MI normalization for sequence analysis feasible in a statistically sufficient sample and in acceptable time. In particular, the normalization of the MI for three-point 'cliques' of amino acids or nucleotides requires large sampling numbers in the normalization, that can only be achieved using GPUs. We illustrate a) the computational efficiency and b) the biological usefulness of two- and three-point MI by an application to the well-known protein calmodulin. Here, we find striking coevolutionary patterns and distinct information on the molecular evolution of this molecule. © 2012 ACM.

关键词： graphics processing unit

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Human media technology-the human-centered, sustainable technology development

Human media technology-the human-centered, sustainable techn...

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computer graphics International

作者： J.L. Encarnacao F. Loseries C. Sifaqui Fraunhofer-IGD Darmstadt Germany Computer Graphics Center ZGDV Darmstadt Germany Interactive Graphics Systems Group. Department of Computer Science Darmstadt University of Technology Darmstadt Germany

The development of the Internet, the Web, and Java let us believe that computing technology seems to become an integral part of our daily environment that hopefully supports us in improving the quality of life. But what does this mean to the future of information technology development? This paper presents visions towards sustainable, human-centered technology developments. New trends in human computer interaction and human information interaction are necessary for enabling even the naive user to communicate and interact with computers. What we need is a paradigm shift from the conventional information technology towards a human media technology which focus on the interaction manner between human beings and information space or amongst human beings through information space.

关键词： computer graphics Internet Human computer interaction computer science Electronic mail Java Read only memory Space technology Environmental management Home computing

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Graph-based combinations of fragment descriptors for improved 3D object retrieval 12

Graph-based combinations of fragment descriptors for improve...

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3rd ACM Multimedia systems Conference, MMSys'12

作者： Schreck, Tobias Scherer, Maximilian Walter, Michael Bustos, Benjamin Yoon, Sang Min Kuijper, Arjan Data Analysis and Visualization Group University of Konstanz Germany Interactive Graphics Systems Technische Universität Darmstadt Germany KDW+PRISMA Department of Computer Science University of Chile Chile Yonsei Institute of Convergence Technology Yonsei University Korea Republic of Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Graphics Research Darmstadt Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450311311

3D Object Retrieval is an important field of research with many application possibilities. One of the main goals in this research is the development of discriminative methods for similarity search. The descriptor-based approach to date has seen a lot of research attention, with many different extraction algorithms proposed. In previous work, we have introduced a simple but effective scheme for 3D model retrieval based on a spatially fixed combination of 3D object fragment descriptors. In this work, we propose a novel flexible combination scheme based on finding the best matching fragment descriptors to use in the combination. By an exhaustive experimental evaluation on established benchmark data we show the capability of the new combination scheme to provide improved retrieval effectiveness. The method is proposed as a versatile and inexpensive method to enhance the effectiveness of a given global 3D descriptor approach. © 2012 ACM.

关键词： Self organizing maps

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Anisotropic range image integration

Anisotropic range image integration

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Joint 34th Symposium of the German Association for Pattern Recognition, DAGM 2012 and 36th Symposium of the Austrian Association for Pattern Recognition, OAGM 2012

作者： Schroers, Christopher Zimmer, Henning Valgaerts, Levi Bruhn, Andrés Demetz, Oliver Weickert, Joachim Mathematical Image Analysis Group Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Saarland University Saarbrücken 66041 Germany Computer Graphics Laboratory Department of Computer Science ETH Zurich Zurich 8092 Switzerland Max-Planck-Institut für Informatik Campus E1.4 Saarbrücken 66123 Germany Institute for Visualization and Interactive Systems University of Stuttgart Universitätsstraße 38 70569 Stuttgart Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783642327162

Obtaining high-quality 3D models of real world objects is an important task in computer vision. A very promising approach to achieve this is given by variational range image integration methods: They are able to deal with a substantial amount of noise and outliers, while regularising and thus creating smooth surfaces at the same time. Our paper extends the state-of-the-art approach of Zach et al.(2007) in several ways: (i) We replace the isotropic space-variant smoothing behaviour by an anisotropic (direction-dependent) one. Due to the directional adaptation, a better control of the smoothing with respect to the local structure of the signed distance field can be achieved. (ii) In order to keep data and smoothness term in balance, a normalisation factor is introduced. As a result, oversmoothing of locations that are seen seldom is prevented. This allows high quality reconstructions in uncontrolled capture setups, where the camera positions are unevenly distributed around an object. (iii) Finally, we use the more accurate closest signed distances instead of directional signed distances when converting range images into 3D signed distance fields. Experiments demonstrate that each of our three contributions leads to clearly visible improvements in the reconstruction quality. © 2012 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： computer vision

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Deterministic Ansätze for the Measurement-based Variational Quantum Eigensolver

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Schroeder, Anna Heller, Matthias Gachechiladze, Mariami Merck KGaA Darmstadt Germany Department of Computer Science Technical University of Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Graphics Research IGD Darmstadt Germany Interactive Graphics Systems Group Technical University of Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany

Measurement-based quantum computing (MBQC) is a promising approach to reducing circuit depth in noisy intermediate-scale quantum algorithms such as the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE). Unlike gate-based computing, MBQC employs local measurements on a preprepared resource state, offering a trade-off between circuit depth and qubit count. Ensuring determinism is crucial to MBQC, particularly in the VQE context, as a lack of flow in measurement patterns leads to evaluating the cost function at irrelevant locations. This study introduces MBVQE-ansätze that respect determinism and resemble the widely used problem-agnostic hardware-efficient VQE ansatz. We evaluate our approach using ideal simulations on the Schwinger Hamiltonian and XY-model and perform experiments on IBM hardware with an adaptive measurement capability. In our use case, we find that ensuring determinism works better via postselection than by adaptive measurements at the expense of increased sampling cost. Additionally, we propose an efficient MBQC-inspired method to prepare the resource state, specifically the cluster state, on hardware with heavy-hex connectivity, requiring a single measurement round, and implement this scheme on quantum computers with 27 and 127 qubits. We observe notable improvements for larger cluster states, although direct gate-based implementation achieves higher fidelity for smaller instances. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Qubits

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Real-time out-of-core visualization of particle traces

Real-time out-of-core visualization of particle traces

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IEEE Symposium on Parallel and Large-Data Visualization and graphics (PVG)

作者： R. Bruckschen F. Kuester B. Hamann K.I. Joy Visualization and Graphics Research Group Center for Image Processing and Integrated Computing Department of Computer Science University of California Davis CA USA Visualization and Interactive Systems Group Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Irvine CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780372239

Visualization of particle traces provides intuitive and efficient means for the exploration and analysis of complex vector fields. The paper presents a method suitable for the real-time visualization of arbitrarily large time-varying vector fields in virtual environments. We describe an out-of-core scheme in which two distinct pre-processing and rendering components enable real-time data streaming and visualization. The presented approach yields low-latency application start-up times and small memory footprints. The described system was used to implement a "volumetric fog lance," which can emit up to 60000 particles into a flow field while maintaining an interactive frame rate of 60 frames per second. All algorithms were specifically designed to support commodity hardware. The proof-of-concept system is running on a low-cost Linux workstation equipped with a 120 GB E-IDE RAID (redundant array of inexpensive disk) system.

关键词： Data visualization Computational modeling Computational fluid dynamics Motion pictures Hardware computer graphics interactive systems Image processing computer science Image analysis

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