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Motor clustering enhances kinesin-driven vesicle transport

Biophysical Journal 2025年

作者： Jiang, Rui Feng, Qingzhou Nong, Daguan Kang, You Jung Sept, David Hancock, William O. Intercollege Program in Integrative and Biomedical Physiology Pennsylvania State University University Park PA United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Pennsylvania State University University Park PA United States Molecular Cellular and Integrative Biomedical Sciences Program Pennsylvania State University University Park PA United States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States Department of Chemistry Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania United States

Intracellular vesicles are typically transported by a small number of kinesin and dynein motors. However, the slow microtubule binding rate of kinesin-1 observed in in vitro biophysical studies suggests that long-range transport may require a high number of motors. To address the discrepancy in motor requirements between in vivo and in vitro studies, we reconstituted motility of 120-nm-diameter liposomes driven by multiple GFP-labeled kinesin-1 motors. Consistent with predictions based on previous binding rate measurements, we found that long-distance transport requires a high number of kinesin-1 motors. We hypothesized that this discrepancy from in vivo observations may arise from differences in motor organization and tested whether motor clustering can enhance transport efficiency using a DNA scaffold. Clustering just three motors increased liposome travel distances across a wide range of motor numbers. Our findings demonstrate that, independent of motor number, the arrangement of motors on a vesicle regulates transport distance, suggesting that differences in motor organization may explain the disparity between in vivo and in vitro motor requirements for long-range transport. © 2025 Biophysical Society

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