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Photonic Modulation of Negative Differential Transconductance for Tunable Multivalued Logic in Heterojunction Transistors

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Small 2025年 e2501543页

作者： Shin, Jong Chan Lee, Chan Lee, Jiho Kim, Jiyeon Jeon, Jun Ah Yang, Hyunkyu Jin, Minho Kim, Youn Sang Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Institute of Chemical Processes College of Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 08826 South Korea Department of Applied Bioengineering Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology Seoul National University Seoul 08826 South Korea Samsung Electronics Company Suwon 16677 South Korea Program in Nano Science and Technology Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology Seoul National University Seoul 08826 South Korea Research Institute for Convergence Science Seoul National University Seoul 08826 South Korea Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology Suwon 16229 South Korea

Logic conversion within multivalued logic (MVL) circuits is a promising solution that enhances complex data processing achieved through the modulation of negative differential transconductance (NDT) characteristics of heterojunction transistors (HTRs) using various external control factors. Among these factors, utilizing photonic modulation for logic switching facilitates multi-state operations, enables wavelength-selective logic conversion and, on this basis, enhances the flexibility of the circuit system. Herein, the implementation of logic conversion in HTRs through the photonic modulation of NDT characteristics is presented. Logic switching in the In₂O₃/PDPP3T HTR is enabled by tuning its NDT characteristics utilizing optical stimulation with LED light at a specific wavelength. Moreover, operating the HTR through photonic control reduces process requirements while ensuring stable operation, thereby enhancing compatibility and scalability in circuit design. The operating mechanism of the device is also investigated by individually analyzing the carrier flows in two paths and examining the electrical characteristics under dark and illuminated states. To verify the functionality of the MVL circuit, stable switching between binary and ternary logic inverters as a practical application is demonstrated. © 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： heterojunction transistor logic conversion multivalued logic negative differential transconductance photonic modulation ternary inverter

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Curved copper nanowires-based robust flexible transparent electrodes via all-solution approach

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Nano Research 2017年第9期10卷 3077-3091页

作者： Zhenxing Yin Seung Keun Song Sanghun Cho Duck-Jae You Jeeyoung Yoo Suk Tai Chang Youn Sang Kim Program in Nano Science and Technology Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Chung-Ang University Seou106974 Republic of Korea Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology 145 Gwanggyo-ro Yeongtong-gu Suwon-si Gyeonggi-do 16229 Republic of Korea

Curved Cu nanowire (CCN)-based high-performance flexible transparent conductive electrodes (FTCEs) were fabricated via a fully solution-processed approach, involving synthesis, coating, patterning, welding, and transfer. Each step involved an innovative technique for completing the all-solution processes. The high-quality and well-dispersed CCNs were synthesized using a multi-polyol method through the synergistic effect of specific polyol reduction. To precisely control the optoelectrical properties of the FTCEs, the CCNs were uniformly coated on a polyimide (PI) substrate via a simple meniscus-dragging deposition method by tuning several coating parameters. We also employed a polyurethane (PU)-stamped patterning method to effectively produce 20 μm patterns on CCN thin films. The CCN thin films exhibited high electrical performance, which is attributed to the deeply percolated CCN network formed via a solvent-dipped welding method. Finally, the CCN thin films on the PI substrate were partially embedded and transferred to the PU matrix to reduce their surface roughness. Through consecutive processes involving the proposed methods, a highly percolated CCN thin film on the PU matrix exhibited high optoelectrical performance (R s = 53.48 Ω/□ at T = 85.71%), excellent mechanical properties (R/R 0 < 1.10 after the 10th repetition of tape peeling or 1,000 bending cycles), and a low root-mean-square surface roughness (R rms = 14.36 nm).

关键词： curved Cu nanowires all-solution processes 20 μm patterns high performance transparent electrode

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A Thermally Stable, Infrared-Transparent High-Sulfur-Containing Polymer for High Aspect-Ratio Nanostructured MWIR Polarizer

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Small 2025年 e2504090页

作者： Kang, Minjeong Jang, Wontae Lee, Junghyun Kim, Sanghyun Lee, Gyuwon Choi, Keonwoo Kim, Jun Oh Ku, Zahyun Ahn, Junhyoung Lim, Hyungjun Lim, Jeewoo Wie, Jeong Jae Im, Sung Gap Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34141 South Korea Advanced Instrumentation Institute Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science 267 Gajeong-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34113 South Korea Apex Microdevices 4871 Misrach Ct West Chester 45069 OH United States Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials (KIMM) 156 Gajeongbuk-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34103 South Korea Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Basic Science Kyung Hee University 26 Kyungheedae-ro Dongdaemun-gu Seoul 02447 South Korea Human-Tech Convergence Program Hanyang University 222 Wangsimni-ro Seongdong-gu Seoul 04763 South Korea Department of Chemical Engineering State University of New York College of Environmental Sciences and Forestry Syracuse NY 13210 United States Graduate school of Semiconductor Technology Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34141 South Korea

Infrared (IR) polarizer is essential for thermal imaging applications such as mobility and military operations. High-sulfur-containing polymers have emerged as promising candidates for IR polarizers due to their mid-wave IR (MWIR) transparency, addressing the limitations of inorganic materials, including their brittleness and high cost. However, poor thermal stability and limited IR range restrict their applicability. This study introduces a glassy IR polarizer based on poly(sulfur-co-hexavinyl disiloxane) (pSHVDS), a highly crosslinked sulfur-rich polymer synthesized via sulfur chemical vapor deposition (sCVD). Self-crosslinking of pSHVDS at high temperatures provided thermal stability during nanoimprint lithography, enabling the fabrication of high-fidelity nano-grating patterns (400 nm pitch, 150 nm width, 300 nm height). The broad transmittance and high aspect ratio of the nanopattern enabled the glassy-pSHVDS MWIR polarizer to achieve over 50% transmittance of transverse magnetic field (T_TM) and an extinction ratio (ER) exceeding 6000 across a broad IR range (3-8 µm). An additional pSHVDS anti-reflection coating further enhanced T_TM to 84% and ER to 7200 at a wavelength of 4 µm, the highest ER reported for organic MWIR polarizers to date. The polarizer maintained its performance after 24 h at 100 °C, demonstrating exceptional thermal stability. These findings underscore the potential of glassy pSHVDS-based polarizers for IR applications. © 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： bilayer wire grid polarizer high sulfur-content polymer (HSCP) MWIR polarizer sulfur chemical vapor deposition (sCVD) thermal stability

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Third-order optical properties of Ag nanocubes and Ag@Au hollow nanostructures investigated by femtosecond Z-Scan measurements

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Optik 2025年

作者： Claudevan A. Sousa Antonio F.A.A. Melo Nefe J.B. Silva Tânia Patrícia Silva e Silva Bartolomeu C. Viana Francisco Eroni P. Santos Hans Garcia Department of Physics UFPI - Universidade Federal do Piauí 64049-550 Teresina PI Brazil Materials Engineering Graduate Program Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Piauí Central Campus Teresina 64000-040 PI Brazil Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Advanced Materials BioMatLab group Materials Science & Engineering Graduate Program UFPI - Universidade Federal do Piauí 64049-550 Teresina PI Brazil

We present a comprehensive study on the third-order nonlinear optical properties of silver nanocubes (Ag-NCs) and Ag@Au hollow bimetallic nanostructures in aqueous dispersions. The Ag@Au bimetallic nanostructures were synthesized by galvanic replacement of Ag-NCs with gold, generating nanoboxes with surface plasmon resonance (SPR) tunability. Using the femtosecond Z-scan technique (1040 nm, 357 fs) across laser intensities from 99.7 to 279 GW/cm², we identified negative nonlinear refraction in both Ag-NCs and Ag@Au nanoboxes, attributed to hot electron generation. Saturable absorption (SA) was observed only in Ag@Au nanoboxes, distinguishing their potential for nonlinear photonic applications. These findings highlight the impact of morphology and composition on nonlinear refraction and absorption, positioning Ag@Au hollow nanostructures as promising candidates for active media in advanced photonic devices.

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Privacy-Enhanced Data Deduplication Computational Intelligence Technique for Secure Healthcare Applications

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第2期70卷 4169-4184页

作者： Jinsu Kim Sungwook Ryu Namje Park Department of Convergence Information Security Graduate SchoolJeju National University63294Korea Master’s Program in Future Strategy Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology34141Korea Department of Computer Education Teachers CollegeJeju National University63294Korea

A significant number of cloud storage environments are already implementing deduplication *** to the nature of the cloud environment,a storage server capable of accommodating large-capacity storage is *** storage capacity increases,additional storage solutions are *** leveraging deduplication,you can fundamentally solve the cost ***,deduplication poses privacy concerns due to the structure *** this paper,we point out the privacy infringement problemand propose a new deduplication technique to solve *** the proposed technique,since the user’s map structure and files are not stored on the server,the file uploader list cannot be obtained through the server’s meta-information analysis,so the user’s privacy is *** addition,the personal identification number(PIN)can be used to solve the file ownership problemand provides advantages such as safety against insider breaches and sniffing *** proposed mechanism required an additional time of approximately 100 ms to add a IDRef to distinguish user-file during typical deduplication,and for smaller file sizes,the time required for additional operations is similar to the operation time,but relatively less time as the file’s capacity grows.

关键词： Computational intelligence cloud multimedia data deduplication

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Study on chemotaxis and chemokinesis of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in hydrogel-based 3D microfluidic devices

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Biomaterials Research 2016年第1期20卷 1-8页

作者： Yoon, Dayoung Kim, Hyerim Lee, Eojin Park, Min Hee Chung, Seok Jeon, Hojeong Ahn, Cheol-Hee Lee, Kangwon Center for Biomaterials Korea Institute of Science and Technology Seoul South Korea Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM) Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seou National University Seoul South Korea Program in Nanoscience and Technology Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology Seou National University Seoul South Korea School of Mechanical Engineering Korea University Seoul South Korea Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology Gyeonggi-do South Korea

Background: Controlling the fate of mesenchymal stems cells (MSCs) including proliferation, migration and differentiation has recently been studied by many researchers in the tissue engineering field. Especially, recruitment of stem cells to injury sites is the first and crucial step in tissue regeneration. Although significant progress has been made in the chemotactic migration of MSCs, MSC migration in three dimensional environments remains largely unknown. We developed a 3D hydrogel-based microfluidic-device to study the migration behavior of human MSCs in the presence of stromal-cell derived factor-1α (SDF-1α), interleukin 8 (IL-8) and Substance P (SP) which have been utilized as chemoattractant candidates of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Results: We systematically investigated the chemotactic migration behaviors of hMSCs and their responses to SDF-1a, IL-8, and SP. SDF-1α was shown to be the most fascinating chemoattractant candidate among those factors at a certain time point. We also found that each chemokine showed different chemoattractant abilities according to their concentration. In the case of SP, this factor showed chemokinesis not chemotaxis. Especially at a 7-8×10^-8 M concentration range, the chemokinesis ability driven by SP was further increased. The data suggest that some factors at the optimal concentration exhibit chemokinesis or chemotaxis in a 3D hydrogel-based microfluidic device. Conclusion: In this study on chemotaxis and chemokinesis of hMSCs, the system parameters such as chemokine concentration, system stability, and 2D or 3D microenvironment are critically important to obtain meaningful results. © 2016 The Author(s).

关键词： Chemokinesis Chemotaxis Mesenchymal stem cells Microfluidic device

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Design and numerical analysis of surface plasmon-enhanced fin Ge-Si light-emitting diode

Design and numerical analysis of surface plasmon-enhanced fi...

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作者： Jeong, Intae Kwon, Jooseong Kim, Changsoon Park, Young June Program in Nano Science and Technology Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology Seoul National University Seoul 151-742 Korea Republic of Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering School of Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 151-747 Korea Republic of Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology Suwon Gyeonggi 443-270 Korea Republic of

Heavily-doped strained germanium (Ge) can emit light efficiently thanks to its pseudo direct band gap characteristic. This makes Ge a good candidate for on-chip monolithic light sources in silicon (Si) photonics systems. We propose fin-shaped Ge-Si heterojunction lightemitting diode (LED) with metal gates, which can enhance light emission by coupling with surface plasmon resonant modes and modulate light emission from the LED. We verify these two aspects through numerical analysis and device simulations. We develop the method to find the optimal device structure and specific device dimensions to maximize the spontaneous emission rate enhancement. Also we find that the LED can be modulated by a gate voltage bias. © 2014 Optical Society of America.

关键词： Surface plasmons

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Bioprinting Methods for Fabricating In Vitro Tubular Blood Vessel Models

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Cyborg and Bionic Systems 2023年第1期4卷 178-195页

作者： Seon-Jin Kim Min-Gyun Kim Jangho Kim Jessie SJeon Jinsoo Park Hee-Gyeong Yi Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering College of Agriculture and Life SciencesChonnam National UniversityGwangjuRepublic of Korea Department of Convergence Biosystems Engineering College of Agriculture and Life SciencesChonnam National UniversityGwangjuRepublic of Korea Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System Chonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyDaejeonRepublic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Chonnam National UniversityRepublic of Korea

Dysfunctional blood vessels are implicated in various diseases,including cardiovascular diseases,neurodegenerative diseases,and *** studies have attempted to prevent and treat vascular diseases and understand interactions between these diseases and blood vessels across different organs and *** studies were conducted using 2-dimensional(2D)in vitro and animal ***,these models have difficulties in mimicking the 3D microenvironment in human,simulating kinetics related to cell activities,and replicating human pathophysiology;in addition,3D models involve remarkably high ***,in vitro bioengineered models(BMs)have recently gained *** created through biofabrication based on tissue engineering and regenerative medicine are breakthrough models that can overcome limitations of 2D and animal *** can also simulate the natural microenvironment in a patient-and target-specific *** this review,we will introduce 3D bioprinting methods for fabricating bioengineered blood vessel models,which can serve as the basis for treating and preventing various vascular ***,we will describe possible advancements from tubular to vascular ***,we will discuss specific applications,limitations,and future perspectives of fabricated BMs.

关键词： Blood organs printing

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Dynamics of one-dimensional spin models via complex-time evolution of tensor networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Cha, Jeong Hyeok Lee, Hyun-Yong Kim, Heung-Sik Department of Semiconductor Physics Kangwon National University Chuncheon24341 Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program in Earth Environmental System Science and Engineering Kangwon National University Chuncheon24341 Korea Republic of Division of Semiconductor Physics Korea University Sejong30019 Korea Republic of Department of Applied Physics Graduate School Korea University Sejong30019 Korea Republic of Institute of Quantum Convergence Technology Kangwon National University Chuncheon24341 Korea Republic of

Studying the real-time dynamics of strongly correlated systems poses significant challenges, which have recently become more manageable thanks to advances in density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) and tensor network methods. A notable development in this area is the introduction of a complex-time evolution scheme for tensor network states, originally suggested for solving Anderson impurity model and designed to suppress the growth of entanglement under time evolution. In this study, we employ the complex-time evolution scheme to investigate the dynamics of one-dimensional spin systems, specifically the transverse-field Ising model (TFIM) and the XXZ model. Our analysis revisits the dynamic critical exponent z of the TFIM and explores the dynamical structure factor in both gapped and gapless states of the XXZ model. Importantly, the complex-time evolution reproduces the results of real-time evolution while mitigating the rapid growth of quantum entanglement typically associated with the latter. These results demonstrate that the combination of complex-time evolution and extrapolation provides a robust and efficient framework for studying the dynamics of complex quantum systems, enabling more comprehensive insights into their behavior. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Quantum entanglement

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Self-packaged stretchable printed circuits with ligand-bound liquid metal particles in elastomer

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Nature Communications 2025年第1期16卷 1-11页

作者： Hyeonyeob Seo Gun-Hee Lee Dong-Yeong Kim Kum Seok Nam Jiwoo Park Yeonzu Son Semin Kim Congqi Yang Seongjun Park Joonhee Won Hyunjun Kim Steve Park Jae-Young Bae Seung-Kyun Kang Jiheong Kang Department of Bio and Brain Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon Republic of Korea Departments of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering Pusan National University Busan Republic of Korea Departments of Optics and Mechatronics Engineering Pusan National University Busan Republic of Korea School of Electrical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon Republic of Korea Program of Brain and Cognitive Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon South Korea Graduate School of Semiconductor Technology Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon Republic of Korea Medical Research Center Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Biomedical Sciences College of Medicine Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea School of Transdisciplinary Innovations Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering College of Engineering Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Transdisciplinary Medicine Seoul National University Hospital Seoul South Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon Republic of Korea KAIST Institute for NanoCentury Daejeon Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea

Packaging in stretchable electronics is crucial to protect components from environmental damage while preserving mechanical flexibility and providing electrical insulation. The conventional packaging process involves multiple steps that increase in complexity as the number of circuit layers multiply. In this study, we introduce a self-packaged stretchable printed circuit board enabled by the in situ phase separation of liquid metal particles (LMPs) within various polymer matrices during solution-based printing processes. The ligand-bound LMPs (LB-LMPs), engineered to inhibit oxide growth, undergo in situ sintering, prompting vertical phase separation. This synthesis strategy not only achieves high initial conductivity of the LMPs but also encapsulates them within the polymer matrix, preventing leakage and providing electrical insulation. Our method enables multi-layer circuit printing, eliminating the need for additional activation and packaging processes. Furthermore, by integrating conductive materials into packaging layers for selective electrical conductivity, vertical interconnect accesses and conductive pads can be formed, enabling large-scale, stretchable, and leakage-free multi-layer electrical circuits and bio-interfaces.

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