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Quantum Simulation for High-Energy Physics

PRX Quantum 2023年第2期4卷 027001-027001页

作者： Christian W. Bauer Zohreh Davoudi A. Baha Balantekin Tanmoy Bhattacharya Marcela Carena Wibe A. de Jong Patrick Draper Aida El-Khadra Nate Gemelke Masanori Hanada Dmitri Kharzeev Henry Lamm Ying-Ying Li Junyu Liu Mikhail Lukin Yannick Meurice Christopher Monroe Benjamin Nachman Guido Pagano John Preskill Enrico Rinaldi Alessandro Roggero David I. Santiago Martin J. Savage Irfan Siddiqi George Siopsis David Van Zanten Nathan Wiebe Yukari Yamauchi Kübra Yeter-Aydeniz Silvia Zorzetti Physics Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA Department of Physics Maryland Center for Fundamental Physics and the NSF Institute for Robust Quantum Simulation University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 USA Department of Physics University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA T-2 Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory Batavia Illinois 60510 USA Enrico Fermi Institute University of Chicago Chicago Illinois 60637 USA Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics University of Chicago Chicago Illinois 60637 USA Department of Physics University of Chicago Chicago Illinois 60637 USA Department of Physics and Illinois Center for the Advanced Study of the Universe and Illinois Quantum Information Science and Technology Center University of Illinois Urbana Illinois 61801 USA QuEra Computing Inc Boston Massachusetts 02135 USA Department of Mathematics University of Surrey Guildford Surrey GU2 7XH United Kingdom Center for Nuclear Theory Department of Physics and Astronomy Stony Brook University New York 11794-3800 USA Department of Physics Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973 USA Peng Huanwu Center for Fundamental Theory Hefei Anhui 230026 China Interdisciplinary Center for Theoretical Study University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering Chicago Quantum Exchange and Kadanoff Center for Theoretical Physics University of Chicago Illinois 60637 USA qBraid Co. Harper Court 5235 Chicago Illinois 60615 USA Department of Physics Harvard University Cambridge Massachusetts 02138 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Iowa Iowa City Iowa 52242 USA Duke Quantum Center Duke University Durham North Carolina 27701 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke University Durham North Carolina 27708 USA Department of Physics Duke University

It is for the first time that quantum simulation for high-energy physics (HEP) is studied in the U.S. decadal particle-physics community planning, and in fact until recently, this was not considered a mainstream topic in the community. This fact speaks of a remarkable rate of growth of this subfield over the past few years, stimulated by the impressive advancements in quantum information sciences (QIS) and associated technologies over the past decade, and the significant investment in this area by the government and private sectors in the U.S. and other countries. High-energy physicists have quickly identified problems of importance to our understanding of nature at the most fundamental level, from tiniest distances to cosmological extents, that are intractable with classical computers but may benefit from quantum advantage. They have initiated, and continue to carry out, a vigorous program in theory, algorithm, and hardware co-design for simulations of relevance to the HEP mission. This Roadmap is an attempt to bring this exciting and yet challenging area of research to the spotlight, and to elaborate on what the promises, requirements, challenges, and potential solutions are over the next decade and beyond.

关键词： Quantum simulation

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Refractive index-based control of hyperbolic phonon-polariton propagation

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2019年

作者： Fali, Alireza White, Samuel T. Folland, Thomas G. He, Mingze Aghamiri, Neda A. Liu, Song Edgar, James H. Caldwell, Joshua D. Haglund, Richard F. Abate, Yohannes Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Georgia AthensGA30602 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN37235 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN37212 United States Tim Taylor Department of Chemical Engineering Kansas State University ManhattanKS66506 United States Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN37212

Hyperbolic phonon polaritons (HPhPs) are generated when infrared photons couple to polar optic phonons in anisotropic media, confining long-wavelength light to nanoscale volumes. However, to realize the full potential of HPhPs for infrared optics, it is crucial to understand propagation and loss mechanisms on substrates suitable for applications from waveguiding to infrared sensing. In this paper, we employ scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) and nano-Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, in concert with analytical and numerical calculations, to elucidate HPhP characteristics as a function of the complex substrate dielectric function. We consider propagation on suspended, dielectric and metallic substrates to demonstrate that the thickness-normalized wavevector can be reduced by a factor of 25 simply by changing the substrate from dielectric to metallic behavior. Moreover, by incorporating the imaginary contribution to the dielectric function in lossy materials, the wavevector can be dynamically controlled by small local variations in loss or carrier density. Counterintuitively, higher-order HPhP modes are shown to exhibit the same change in polariton wavevector as the fundamental mode, despite the drastic differences in the evanescent ranges of these polaritons. However, because polariton refraction is dictated by the fractional change in the wavevector, this still results in significant differences in polariton refraction and reduced sensitivity to substrate-induced losses for the higher order HPhPs. Such effects may therefore be used to spatially separate hyperbolic modes of different orders, and indicates that for index-based sensing schemes that HPhPs can be more sensitive than surface polaritons in the thin film limit. Our results advance our understanding of fundamental polariton excitations and their potential for on-chip photonics and planar metasurface optics. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Polariton

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Luminescence of Eu^2＋ and Eu^2＋-Mn^2＋ in sodium scandium diphosphate NaScP2O7 crystal

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Journal of Rare Earths 2017年第5期35卷 453-459页

作者：张新民郑薇张宏志陈翠丽徐孝镇 School of Materials Science and Engineering Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China Hunan Collaborative Innovation Center for Effective Utilizing of Wood & Bamboo Resource Changsha 410018 China Department of Physics and Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Pukyong National University Busan 608-737 Republic of Korea

In this work, the photoluminescence（PL） of NaScP2O7：Eu^2＋ and NaScP2O7：Eu^2＋,Mn^2＋ was investigated. Phase purity was checked using X-ray powder diffractometry（XRD）. PL excitation and emission spectra were recorded to elucidate the PL properties of NaScP2O7：Eu^2＋ and NaScP2O7：Eu^2＋,Mn^2＋. Furthermore, fluorescence lifetime measurements were performed. PL and lifetime measurements were carried out from 10 to 525 K. Moreover, the Eu^2＋ site occupation was discussed. It turned out that the incorporated Eu^2＋ ions substituted for Na＋ site and occupied two different sites. Temperature dependent PL measurements indicated the emission intensity decreased with increasing temperature due to temperature quenching in NaScP2O7：Eu^2＋. Fluorescence lifetimes of Eu^2＋ in NaScP2O7：Eu^2＋ almost did not change with a decay constant τ=~0.53 μs in the temperature range of 10–280 K, and then shortened due to temperature quenching. The luminescent lifetime reached ~0.05 μs at T=525 K. Finally, it was found that energy transfer occurred from Eu^2＋ to Mn^2＋ in co-doped NaScP2O7：Eu^2＋,Mn^2＋.

关键词： lifetime diffractometry luminescent diphosphate checked excitation incorporated decay elucidate luminescence

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Neuroprosthetics: Durable and Fatigue-Resistant Soft Peripheral Neuroprosthetics for In Vivo Bidirectional Signaling (Adv. Mater. 20/2021)

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Advanced materials 2021年第20期33卷

作者： Hyunseon Seo Sang Ihn Han Kang-Il Song Duhwan Seong Kyungwoo Lee Sun Hong Kim Taesung Park Ja Hoon Koo Mikyung Shin Hyoung Won Baac Ok Kyu Park Soong Ju Oh Hyung-Seop Han Hojeong Jeon Yu-Chan Kim Dae-Hyeong Kim Taeghwan Hyeon Donghee Son School of Medicine Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea Center for Biomaterials Biomedical Research Institute Korea Institute of Science and Technology Seoul 02792 Republic of Korea Center for Nanoparticle Research Institute of Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea School of Chemical and Biological Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea Medical Device Development Center Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation Daegu 41061 Republic of Korea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea University Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea Department of Biomedical Engineering SKKU Institute for Convergence Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea Department of Superintelligence Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea

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Cover Feature: Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Hexabenzocoronene-Tetrabenzoporphyrin Architectures (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 40/2020)

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European Journal of Organic Chemistry 2020年第40期2020卷

作者： Michael Ruppel Lampros-Pascal Gazetas Dr. Dominik Lungerich Dr. Norbert Jux Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10 91058 Erlangen Germany Institute for Basic Science (IBS) 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu Center for Nanomedicine 03722 Seoul Republic of Korea Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (NanoBME) Advanced Science Institute Yonsei University 03722 Seoul Republic of Korea

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Probing hyperbolic polaritons using infrared attenuated total reflectance micro-spectroscopy

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2018年

作者： Folland, Thomas G. Maß, Tobias W.W. Matson, Joseph R. Ryan Nolen, J. Liu, Song Watanabe, Kenji Taniguchi, Takashi Edgar, James H. Taubner, Thomas Caldwell, Joshua D. Department of Mechanical Engineering Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN37212 United States RWTH Aachen University Aachen52056 Germany Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN37212 Department of Chemical Engineering Kansas State University ManhattanKS66506 United States National Institute for Materials Science Tsukuba Japan

Hyperbolic polariton modes are highly appealing for a broad range of applications in nanophotonics, including surfaced enhanced sensing, sub-diffractional imaging and reconfigurable metasurfaces. The existence of this type of mode depends on extreme anisotropy in the optical properties of a natural or artificial material. However, due to their high in-plane momentum (short polariton wavelength), these hyperbolic polaritons cannot be launched by light propagating in free space. Here we show that attenuated total reflectance micro-spectroscopy (ATR) using standard spectroscopic tools can launch hyperbolic polaritons in a Kretschmann-Raether configuration. We measure multiple hyperbolic and dielectric modes within the naturally hyperbolic material hexagonal boron nitride as a function of different isotopic enrichments and flake thickness. This overcomes the technical challenges of measurement approaches based on nanostructuring, or scattering scanning nearfield optical microscopy. Ultimately, our ATR approach allows us to compare the optical properties of small-scale materials prepared by different techniques systematically. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Photons

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Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides: Anisotropic Collective Charge Excitations in Quasimetallic 2D Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides (Adv. Sci. 10/2020)

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Advanced science 2020年第10期7卷 2070055-2070055页

作者： Chi Sin Tang Xinmao Yin Ming Yang Di Wu Jing Wu Lai Mun Wong Changjian Li Shi Wun Tong Yung-Huang Chang Fangping Ouyang Yuan Ping Feng Shi Jie Wang Dongzhi Chi Mark B. H. Breese Wenjing Zhang Andrivo Rusydi Andrew T. S. Wee Department of Physics Faculty of Science National University of Singapore S12 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117551 Singapore NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering National University of Singapore 21 Lower Kent Ridge Singapore 119077 Singapore Singapore Synchrotron Light Source (SSLS) National University of Singapore 5 Research Link Singapore 117603 Singapore Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE) A*STAR (Agency for Science Technology and Research) 2 Fusionopolis Way Innovis Singapore 138634 Singapore International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China School of Physics and Electronics Central South University No. 932 South Lushan Road Changsha Hunan 410083 China Department of Materials Science & Engineering National University of Singapore 9 Engineering Drive 1 Singapore 117575 Singapore Bachelor Program in Interdisciplinary Studies National Yunlin University of Science and Technology 123 University Road Section 3 Douliou Yunlin 64002 Taiwan

In article number https://***/10.1002/advs.201902726 , Xinmao Yin, Andrew T. S. Wee, and co‐workers observe 1D mid‐IR range anisotropic plasmons in quasi‐metallic WSe 2 and MoS 2 monolayers. In‐depth analysis reveals that the long‐range inter‐chain coupling is responsible for the 1D‐charge dynamics and the plasmon energy is dictated by the effects of spin–orbit coupling. Detailed investigation into these collective modes in 2D‐chained systems opens new opportunities for novel device applications and holds significant implications to the underlying mechanism that governs superconductivity in 2D‐transition‐metal dichalcogenide systems.

关键词： anisotropic charge dynamics phase transitions plasmons spectroscopic ellipsometry transition-metal dichalcogenides

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Photoresponsive materials: Photoprogrammable Mesogenic Soft Helical Architectures: A Promising Avenue toward Future Chiro‐Optics (Adv. Mater. 41/2020)

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Advanced materials 2020年第41期32卷

作者： Zhi‐Gang Zheng Yan‐Qing Lu Quan Li Department of Physics East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures and College of Engineering and Applied Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program Kent State University Kent OH 44242 USA

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Thermal Degradation and Kinetic Study of Cassava Rhizome for Torrefaction Application

引用

IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental science 2019年第1期401卷

作者： P Sirinwaranon D Atong V Sricharoenchaikul Interdisciplinary Program in Environmental Science Graduated School Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330 Thailand National Metal and Materials Technology Center (MTEC) National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) Thailand Science Park Pathum Thani 12120 Thailand Faculty of Engineering Department of Environmental Engineering Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330 Thailand

Thermal decomposition kinetics of cassava rhizome (CR) is an important key in the torrefaction process. Kinetic analysis of the cassava rhizome torrefaction was investigated using a thermogravimetric analyser in which CR weight loss is measured under nitrogen atmosphere from ambient temperature to 973K at 5, 10, 20, and 30 Kmin−1. Two model-free iso-conversional methods, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) and Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) have been used to determine activation energies as a function of the extent of degradation. In this work, the CR particles were separated into 3 study groups, 0.125-0.425 mm, 0.425-0.850, and 0.850-2 mm. The average activation energies calculated by using the methods are relatively similar for all three-particle size samples. The average activation energy values calculated by FWO method were 170.509, 172.593, and 130.149 kJmol−1, respectively. These data were comparable to KAS method in which the average activation energy numbers were 170.647, 177.276, and 128.620 kJmol−1. Both methods indicated that the activation energy was relatively constant until the conversion of 0.5. The pre-exponential factor values from FWO and KAS ranged 4.87E+17 s−1 and 7.28E+14 s−1, respectively. The experimental results show that kinetic parameters from both methods are suitable and effective to help describe the thermal degradation of the cassava rhizome.

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1,2‐Dithienyldicyanoethene‐Based, Visible‐Light‐Driven, Chiral Fluorescent Molecular Switch: Rewritable Multimodal Photonic Devices

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Angewandte Chemie 2019年第45期131卷

作者： Juntao Li Hari Krishna Bisoyi Siyang Lin Jinbao Guo Quan Li Key Laboratory of Carbon Fibers and Functional Polymers Ministry of Education and College of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program Kent State University Kent OH 44242 USA

Reported here is the first example of a 1,2‐dithienyldicyanoethene‐based visible‐light‐driven chiral fluorescent molecular switch that exhibits reversible trans to cis photoisomerization. The trans form in solution almost completely transforms into the cis form, accompanied by a 10‐fold decrease in its fluorescence intensity within 60 seconds when exposed to green light (520 nm). The reverse isomerization proceeds upon irradiation with blue light (405 nm). When doped into commercially available achiral liquid crystal hosts, this molecular switch efficiently induces luminescent helical superstructures, that is, a cholesteric phase. The intensity of the circularly polarized fluorescence as well as the selective reflection wavelength of the induced cholesteric phases can be reversibly tuned using visible light of two different wavelengths. Optically rewritable photonic devices using cholesteric films containing this molecular switch are described.

关键词： Fluoreszenz Helikale Strukturen Isomerisierung Molekulare Schalter Photochemie

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