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Using Machine Learning to Predict Complications in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review

FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022年 9卷 780389页

作者： Bertini, Ayleen Salas, Rodrigo Chabert, Steren Sobrevia, Luis Pardo, Fabian Univ Valparaiso Metabol Dis Res Lab MDRL Interdisciplinary Ctr Res Terr Hlth Aconcagua Val Ctr Biomed Res CIB Valparaiso Chile Univ Valparaiso Fac Med PhD Program Doctorado Ciencias & Ingn La Salud Valparaiso Chile Univ Valparaiso Fac Engn Sch Biomed Engn Valparaiso Chile Univ Valparaiso Ctr Invest & Desarrollo Ingn Salud CINGS Valparaiso Chile Inst Milenio Intelligent Healthcare Engn Valparaiso Chile Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile Div Obstet & Gynaecol Sch Med Fac MedCellular & Mol Physiol Lab CMPL Santiago Chile Univ Seville Dept Physiol Fac Pharm Seville Spain Univ Queensland Fac Med & Biomed Sci Ctr Clin Res UQCCR Herston Qld Australia Univ Groningen Univ Med Ctr Groningen Dept Pathol & Med Biol Groningen Netherlands Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP Fac Med Med Sch Sao Paulo Brazil Tecnol Monterrey Eutra Inst Obes Res Sch Med & Hlth Sci Monterrey Mexico Univ Valparaiso Sch Med Fac Med Campus San Felipe San Felipe Chile

Introduction: Artificial intelligence is widely used in medical field, and machine learning has been increasingly used in health care, prediction, and diagnosis and as a method of determining priority. Machine learning methods have been features of several tools in the fields of obstetrics and childcare. This present review aims to summarize the machine learning techniques to predict perinatal ***: To identify the applicability and performance of machine learning methods used to identify pregnancy ***: A total of 98 articles were obtained with the keywords "machine learning," "deep learning," "artificial intelligence," and accordingly as they related to perinatal complications ("complications in pregnancy," "pregnancy complications") from three scientific databases: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. These were managed on the Mendeley platform and classified using the PRISMA ***: A total of 31 articles were selected after elimination according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The features used to predict perinatal complications were primarily electronic medical records (48%), medical images (29%), and biological markers (19%), while 4% were based on other types of features, such as sensors and fetal heart rate. The main perinatal complications considered in the application of machine learning thus far are pre-eclampsia and prematurity. In the 31 studies, a total of sixteen complications were predicted. The main precision metric used is the AUC. The machine learning methods with the best results were the prediction of prematurity from medical images using the support vector machine technique, with an accuracy of 95.7%, and the prediction of neonatal mortality with the XGBoost technique, with 99.7% ***: It is important to continue promoting this area of research and promote solutions with multicenter clinical applicability through machine learning to reduce perinatal complications. This systematic r

关键词： perinatal complications machine learning pregnancy artificial intelligence predictive tool prediction model

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Unprecedented bacterial community richness in soybean nodules vary with cultivar and water status

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MICROBIOME 2019年第1期7卷 423-213页

作者： Sharaf, Hazem Rodrigues, Richard R. Moon, Jinyoung Zhang, Bo Mills, Kerri Williams, Mark A. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ Interdisciplinary PhD Program Genet Bioinformat & Blacksburg VA 24061 USA Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ Sch Plant & Environm Sci Blacksburg VA 24061 USA Oregon State Univ Dept Pharmaceut Sci Corvallis OR 97331 USA

BackgroundSoybean (Glycine max) and other legumes are key crops grown around the world, providing protein and nutrients to a growing population, in a way that is more sustainable than most other cropping systems. Diazotrophs inhabiting root nodules provide soybean with nitrogen required for growth. Despite the knowledge of culturable Bradyrhizobium spp. and how they can differ across cultivars, less is known about the overall bacterial community (bacteriome) diversity within nodules, in situ. This variability could have large functional ramifications for the long-standing scientific dogma related to the plant-bacteriome interaction. Water availability also impacts soybean, in part, as a result of water-deficit sensitive nodule diazotrophs. There is a dearth of information on the effects of cultivar and water status on in situ rhizobia and non-rhizobia populations of nodule microbiomes. Therefore, soybean nodule microbiomes, using 16S rRNA and nifH genes, were sampled from nine cultivars treated with different field water regimes. It was hypothesized that the nodule bacteriome, composition, and function among rhizobia and non-rhizobia would differ in response to cultivar and soil water ***16S rRNA and nifH showed dominance by Bradyrhizobiaceae, but a large diversity was observed across phylogenetic groups with <1% and up to 45% relative abundance in cultivars. Other groups primarily included Pseudomonadaceae and Enterobacteriaceae. Thus, nodule bacteriomes were not only dominated by rhizobia, but also described by high variability and partly dependent on cultivar and water status. Consequently, the function of the nodule bacteriomes differed, especially due to cultivar. Amino acid profiling within nodules, for example, described functional changes due to both cultivar and water ***, these results reveal previously undescribed richness and functional changes in Bradyrhizobiaceae and non-rhizobia within the soybean nodule microbiome. Th

关键词： Microbiome Bacterial Diversity Soybean Nodule Bradyrhizobium Pseudomonas Water Cultivar

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Anti- inflammatory marine cyclic peptide stylissatin A and its derivatives inhibit differentiation of murine preadipocytes

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CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS 2019年第38期55卷 5471-5474页

作者： Zhang, Menghua Sunaba, Taiki Sun, Yiting Sasaki, Kazunori Isoda, Hiroko Kigoshi, Hideo Kita, Masaki Univ Tsukuba Grad Sch Pure & Appl Sci Tsukuba Ibaraki 3058571 Japan Univ Tsukuba Sch Integrat & Global Majors SIGMA PhD Program Human Biol Tsukuba Ibaraki 3058577 Japan Nagoya Univ Grad Sch Bioagr Sci Nagoya Aichi 4648601 Japan Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol Interdisciplinary Res Ctr Catalyt Chem Tsukuba Ibaraki 3058565 Japan Univ Tsukuba Grad Sch Life & Environm Sci Tsukuba Ibaraki 3058577 Japan Univ Tsukuba Alliance Res North Africa ARENA Tsukuba Ibaraki 3058577 Japan

Stylissatin A, an anti-inflammatory cyclic heptapeptide, and its derivatives potently inhibited the differentiation of preadipocytes and reduced triglyceride accumulation in mature adipocytes, with little cytotoxicity. Our studies might contribute to the development of leads for new anti-inflammatory and anti-obesity agents.

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Journal of the Formosan Medical Association 2024年第2期123卷 159-178页

作者： Lee, Pei-Lin Wu, Yen-Wen Cheng, Hao-Min Wang, Cheng-Yi Chuang, Li-Pang Lin, Chou-Han Hang, Liang-Wen Yu, Chih-Chieh Hung, Chung-Lieh Liu, Ching-Lung Chou, Kun-Ta Su, Mao-Chang Cheng, Kai-Hung Huang, Chun-Yao Hou, Charles Jia-Yin Chiu, Kuo-Liang Center of Sleep Disorder National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei Taiwan School of Medicine College of Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Division of Cardiology Cardiovascular Medical Center Far Eastern Memorial Hospital New Taipei City Taiwan School of Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taipei Taiwan Division of Faculty Development Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan PhD Program of Interdisciplinary Medicine (PIM) National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan Department of Internal Medicine Cardinal Tien Hospital and School of Medicine College of Medicine Fu Jen Catholic University New Taipei City Taiwan Sleep Center Department of Thoracic Medicine Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Taiwan School of Medicine Chang Gung University Tauyan Taiwan Division of Respirology Department of Internal Medicine Far Eastern Memorial Hospital New Taipei City Taiwan School of Nursing & Graduate Institute of Nursing China Medical University Taichung Taiwan Sleep Medicine Center China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei Taiwan Cardiovascular Center MacKay Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan Institute of Biomedical Sciences Mackay Medical College Taipei Taiwan Division of Chest Departments of Internal Medicine MacKay Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan MacKay Medical College New Taipei City Taiwan Division of Clinical Respiratory Physiology Department of Chest Medicine Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan Sleep Center Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Respiratory Care Chang Gung University of Science and Technology Chiayi Taiwan Kao-Ho Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine E-Da Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan Division of Cardio

Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) is highly prevalent and may be linked to cardiovascular disease in a bidirectional manner. The Taiwan Society of Cardiology, Taiwan Society of Sleep Medicine and Taiwan Society of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine established a task force of experts to evaluate the evidence regarding the assessment and management of SDB in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), hypertension and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). The GRADE process was used to assess the evidence associated with 15 formulated questions. The task force developed recommendations and determined strength (Strong, Weak) and direction (For, Against) based on the quality of evidence, balance of benefits and harms, patient values and preferences, and resource use. The resulting 11 recommendations are intended to guide clinicians in determining which the specific patient-care strategy should be utilized by clinicians based on the needs of individual patients. © 2023 Formosan Medical Association

关键词： Atrial fibrillation Continuous positive airway pressure Heart failure Hypertension Sleep disordered breathing

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When Juveniles Commit Sexual Offenses: Considerations and Recommendations for Judges

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JUVENILE AND FAMILY COURT JOURNAL 2018年第2期69卷 37-48页

作者： Russell, Kristan N. Marsh, Shawn C. Univ Nevada Reno Interdisciplinary Social Psychol PhD Program Reno NV 89557 USA Univ Nevada Reno Judicial Studies Reno NV USA Univ Nevada Reno Judicial Studies Commun Studies & Social Psychol Reno NV USA

Considering sexual offenders' impact on victims, families, and communities, one cannot understate the importance of utilizing evidence-based dispositions with juvenile offenders adjudicated for sexual offenses. This proves difficult, however, as the body of literature regarding juvenile sexual offenders is complex and often misunderstood. Research on how juvenile sexual offenders experience - broadly construed - the juvenile justice process is particularly sparse. The research that is available about juvenile sexual offender treatment, recidivism, and outcomes in general tends to be mixed as to the best way to deal with this distinctly stigmatized population. Thus, the purpose of this review article is primarily educational in that we summarize the highlights of current research and thinking in regards to juvenile sexual offenders with which judges should be familiar, and subsequently offer practice recommendations. The ultimate goal in offering and applying these recommendations in juvenile court settings is to help alleviate potential collateral consequences, increase positive long-term outcomes for juveniles, and increase public safety.

关键词： juvenile sexual offenders recidivism registration treatment outcomes

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Examining the effect of a mindfulness based program for the improvement of cognitive function in an early stage of schizophrenia. A random controlled trial

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SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH 2020年 223卷 370-372页

作者： Langer, Alvaro I. Schmidt, Carlos Vergara, Rodrigo Mayol-Troncoso, Rocio Lecaros, Javiera Krogh, Edwin Vergara, Carolina Diaz, Marcela Rivera, Gerardo Aguirre-Baez, Rodrigo Gaspar, Pablo A. Univ Austral Chile Fac Med Inst Estudios Psicol Mind Body Lab Valdivia Chile Millennium Nucleus Improve Mental Hlth Adolescent Santiago Chile Millennium Inst Res Depress & Personal MIDAP Santiago Chile Univ Austral Chile Ctr Interdisciplinary Studies Nervous Syst CISNe Valdivia Chile Univ Barcelona Brain Cognit & Behav PhD Program Barcelona Spain Univ Metropolitana Ciencias Educ Fac Artes & Educ Fis Dept Kinesiol Santiago Chile Univ Chile Hosp Clin Clin Psiquiatr Univ Santiago Chile Univ Chile Fac Med Santiago Chile Univ Adolfo Ibanez Escuela Psicol Santiago Chile Univ Austral Chile Fac Med Inst Neurociencias Clin Mind Body Lab Valdivia Chile Serv Psiquiatria & Salud Mental Hosp El Pino Santiago Chile RM Clin Alemana Santiago Santiago Chile RM BNI Inst Milenio Neurociencias Santiago Chile

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Performance of a multi-sensor implantable defibrillator algorithm for heart failure monitoring in the presence of atrial fibrillation

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EUROPACE 2023年第9期25卷 euad261页

作者： Boriani, Giuseppe Bertini, Matteo Manzo, Michele Calo, Leonardo Santini, Luca Savarese, Gianluca Dello Russo, Antonio Santobuono, Vincenzo Ezio Lavalle, Carlo Viscusi, Miguel Amellone, Claudia Calvanese, Raimondo Santoro, Amato Rapacciuolo, Antonio Ziacchi, Matteo Arena, Giuseppe Imberti, Jacopo F. Campari, Monica Valsecchi, Sergio D'Onofrio, Antonio Univ Modena & Reggio Emilia Dept Biomed Metab & Neural Sci Cardiol Div Modena Italy Univ Ferrara S Anna Univ Hosp Cardiol Dept Ferrara Italy OO RR San Giovanni Dio Ruggi Aragona Cardiol Dept Salerno Italy Policlin Casilino Div Cardiol Rome Italy Giovan Battista Grassi Hosp Div Cardiol Rome Italy S Giovanni Battista Hosp Div Cardiol Foligno Italy Marche Polytech Univ Cardiol & Arrhythmol Clin Ancona Italy Univ Bari Aldo Moro Policlin Bari Univ Cardiol Unit Interdisciplinary Dept Med Bari Italy Sapienza Univ Rome Dept Clin Internal Anesthesiol & Cardiovasc Sci Rome Italy S Anna & S Sebastiano Hosp Cardiol Dept Caserta Italy Maria Vittoria Hosp Div Cardiol Turin Italy ASL NA1 Osped Mare Cardiol Dept Naples Italy AOU Senese Div Cardiol Siena Italy Federico II Univ Naples Dept Adv Biomed Sci Naples Italy Univ Bologna S Orsola Univ Hosp Cardiothorac & Vasc Dept Cardiol Unit Bologna Italy Osped Civile Apuane Cardiol Dept Massa MS Italy Univ Modena & Reggio Emilia Clin & Expt Med PhD Program Modena Italy Boston Sci Rhythm Management Div Milan Italy Monaldi Hosp Unita Operat Elettrofisiol Studio & Terapia Aritmi Naples Italy

Aims The HeartLogic Index combines data from multiple implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) sensors and has been shown to accurately stratify patients at risk of heart failure (HF) events. We evaluated and compared the performance of this algorithm during sinus rhythm and during long-lasting atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods and results HeartLogic was activated in 568 ICD patients from 26 centres. We found periods of =30 consecutive days with an atrial highrate episode (AHRE) burden <1 h/day and periods with an AHRE burden =20 h/day. We then identified patients who met both criteria during the follow-up (AHRE group, n = 53), to allow pairwise comparison of periods. For control purposes, we identified patients with an AHRE burden <1 h throughout their follow-up and implemented 2:1 propensity score matching vs. the AHRE group (matched non-AHRE group, n = 106). In the AHRE group, the rate of alerts was 1.2 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.0-1.5]/patient-year during periods with an AHRE burden <1 h/day and 2.0 (95% CI: 1.5-2.6)/patient-year during periods with an AHRE-burden =20 h/day (P = 0.004). The rate of HF hospitalizations was 0.34 (95% CI: 0.15-0.69)/patient-year during IN-alert periods and 0.06 (95% CI: 0.02-0.14)/patient-year during OUT-of-alert periods (P < 0.001). The IN/OUT-ofalert state incidence rate ratio of HF hospitalizations was 8.59 (95% CI: 1.67-55.31) during periods with an AHRE burden <1 h/day and 2.70 (95% CI: 1.01-28.33) during periods with an AHRE burden =20 h/day. In the matched non-AHRE group, the rate of HF hospitalizations was 0.29 (95% CI: 0.12-0.60)/patient-year during IN-alert periods and 0.04 (95% CI: 0.02-0.08)/ patient-year during OUT-of-alert periods (P < 0.001). The incidence rate ratio was 7.11 (95% CI: 2.19-22.44). Conclusion Patients received more alerts during periods of AF. The ability of the algorithm to identify increased risk of HF events was confirmed during AF, despite a lower IN/OUT-of-alert incidence rate ratio i

关键词： Heart failure ICD CRT Atrial fibrillation Risk stratification

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The Impact of Consuming Healthy Cookies Enriched with Linoleic Acid for Two Weeks on Blood Fatty Acid Profiles (P08-099-19)

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Current Developments in Nutrition 2019年第SUPPL 1期3卷 3131189-3131189页

作者： Cole, Rachel Angelotti, Austin Belury, Martha OSU Interdisciplinary PhD Program in Nutrition The Ohio State University The Ohio State University

AbstractObjectivesIncreasing linoleic acid (LA) in the diet through supplementation with LA-rich oils can increase muscle mass and decrease fat mass in adults. Unfortunately, many US dietary oils once high in LA are now high in oleic acid (OA) and low in LA, making it challenging for adults to increase LA intake. This study examines the extent in which consumption of healthy cookies enriched with LA for two weeks can increase plasma, erythrocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) LA levels. MethodsIn a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled study, healthy adults ( N = 84) were randomly assigned to consume one healthy cookie rich in LA or one healthy cookie rich in OA (placebo) per day for two weeks. The healthy cookies were high in unsaturated fat with 10 grams of either grapeseed oil (high in LA) or safflower oil (high in OA). Additionally, the healthy cookies were 100% whole grain and had about one half the amount of added sugar compared to traditional cookie recipes. Fasting blood was taken before (pre) and after (post) healthy cookie consumption. Fatty acids in the plasma, erythrocytes and PBMC were analyzed using gas chromatography. Because LA supplementation has been shown to reduce inflammation, plasma levels of total and high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin and tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNFr2) were assessed. A t-test of post values at a 5% significance level was used to determined differences between the two groups. ResultsOf the 84 participants enrolled, 42 were randomly assigned to each group and all but one participant completed the study. 66% ( n = 55) of the participants were female. The mean age was 32.6 years and the mean BMI was 25.8. After two weeks of consuming one healthy cookie per day, LA was significantly higher in plasma, erythrocytes and PBMC in the group consuming the LA-rich healthy cookies compared to the group consuming the placebo healthy cookies. Levels of total and HMW adiponectin and TNFr2 were not differe

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Molecular Fingerprints for a Novel Enzyme Family in Actinobacteria with Glucosamine Kinase Activity

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MBIO 2019年第3期10卷 e00239-19页

作者： Manso, Jose A. Nunes-Costa, Daniela Macedo-Ribeiro, Sandra Empadinhas, Nuno Barbosa Pereira, Pedro Jose Univ Porto IBMC Porto Portugal Univ Porto i3S Porto Portugal Univ Coimbra CNC Ctr Neurosci & Cell Biol Coimbra Portugal Univ Coimbra PhD Program Expt Biol & Biomed PDBEB Coimbra Portugal Univ Coimbra IIIUC Inst Interdisciplinary Res Coimbra Portugal

Actinobacteria have long been the main source of antibiotics, secondary metabolites with tightly controlled biosynthesis by environmental and physiological factors. Phosphorylation of exogenous glucosamine has been suggested as a mechanism for incorporation of this extracellular material into secondary metabolite biosynthesis, but experimental evidence of specific glucosamine kinases in Actinobacteria is lacking. Here, we present the molecular fingerprints for the identification of a unique family of actinobacterial glucosamine kinases. Structural and biochemical studies on a distinctive kinase from the soil bacterium Streptacidiphilus jiangxiensis unveiled its preference for glucosamine and provided structural evidence of a phosphoryl transfer to this substrate. Conservation of glucosamine-contacting residues across a large number of uncharacterized actinobacterial proteins unveiled a specific glucosamine binding sequence motif. This family of kinases and their genetic context may represent the missing link for the incorporation of environmental glucosamine into the antibiotic biosynthesis pathways in Actinobacteria and can be explored to enhance antibiotic production. IMPORTANCE The discovery of novel enzymes involved in antibiotic biosynthesis pathways is currently a topic of utmost importance. The high levels of antibiotic resistance detected worldwide threaten our ability to combat infections and other 20th-century medical achievements, namely, organ transplantation or cancer chemotherapy. We have identified and characterized a unique family of enzymes capable of phosphorylating glucosamine to glucosamine-6-phosphate, a crucial molecule directly involved in the activation of antibiotic production pathways in Actinobacteria, nature's main source of antimicrobials. The consensus sequence identified for these glucosamine kinases will help establish a molecular fingerprint to reveal yetuncharacterized sequences in antibiotic producers, which should have an importan

关键词： Streptacidiphilus jiangxiensis Streptomycetaceae X-ray crystallography antibiotic production small-angle X-ray scattering

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Uncovering the Modulatory Interactions of Brain Networks in Cognition with Central Thalamic Deep Brain Stimulation Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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NEUROSCIENCE 2020年第0期440卷 65-84页

作者： Li, Ssu-Ju Lo, Yu-Chun Lai, Hsin-Yi Lin, Sheng-Huang Lin, Hui-Ching Lin, Ting-Chun Chang, Ching-Wen Chen, Ting-Chieh Hsieh, Christine Chin-Jung Yang, Shih-Hung Chiu, Feng-Mao Kuo, Chao-Hung You-Yin, Chen Natl Yang Ming Univ Dept Biomed Engn 155Sec 2Linong St Taipei 11221 Taiwan Taipei Med Univ Coll Med Sci & Technol PhD Program Neural Regenerat Med 250 Wu Xing St Taipei 11031 Taiwan Zhejiang Univ Sch Med Interdisciplinary Inst Neurosci & Technol Dept NeurolAffiliated Hosp 2Key Lab Med Neurobi 866 Yuhangtang Rd Hangzhou 310029 Zhejiang Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Coll Biomed Engn & Instrument Sci Key Lab Biomed Engn Minist Educ 866 Yuhangtang Rd Hangzhou 310029 Zhejiang Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Sch Med Sir Run Run Shaw Hosp Dept Neurol 866 Yuhangtang Rd Hangzhou 310029 Zhejiang Peoples R China Buddhist Tzu Chi Med Fdn Hualien Tzu Chi Hosp Dept Neurol 707Sec 3Chung Yang Rd Hualien 97002 Taiwan Tzu Chi Univ Sch Med Dept Neurol 701Sec 3Zhongyang Rd Hualien 97004 Taiwan Natl Yang Ming Univ Dept & Inst Physiol 155Sec 2Linong St Taipei 11221 Taiwan Natl Yang Ming Univ Taiwan Int Grad Program Interdisciplinary Neurosc 128Sec 2Acad Rd Taipei 11529 Taiwan Acad Sinica 128Sec 2Acad Rd Taipei 11529 Taiwan Natl Cheng Kung Univ Dept Mech Engn 1 Univ Rd Tainan 70101 Taiwan Taipei Vet Gen Hosp Neurol Inst Dept Neurosurg 201Sec 2Shipai Rd Taipei 11217 Taiwan Univ Washington Dept Neurol Surg 1959 NE Pacific St Seattle WA 98195 USA

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a promising treatment for neurological and psychiatric disorders. It acts by altering brain networks and facilitating synaptic plasticity. For enhancing cognitive functions, the central thalamus (CT) has been shown to be a potential DBS target. The network-level mechanisms contributing to the effect exerted by DBS on the CT (CT-DBS) remain unknown. Combining CT-DBS with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), this study explored brain areas activated while applying CT-DBS in rats, using a newly developed neural probe that was compatible with MRI and could minimize the image distortion and resolve safety issues. Results showed activation of the anterior cingulate cortex, motor cortex, primary and secondary somatosensory cortices, caudate putamen, hypothalamus, thalamus, and hippocampus, suggesting that the corticostriatal, corticolimbic, and thalamocortical brain networks were affected. Behaviorally, the CT-DBS group required a shorter time than sham controls to learn a water-reward lever-pressing task and made more correct choices in a T-maze task. Concurrent with enhanced learning performance, bilateral CT-DBS resulted in alteration in the functional connectivity of brain networks determined by resting-state fMRI. Western blot analyses showed that the protein level of both dopamine D1 and alpha 4-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors was increased, and dopamine D2 receptor was decreased. These data suggest that CT-DBS can enhance cognitive performance as well as brain connectivity through the modulation of synaptic plasticity, such that CT is a target providing high potential for the remediation of acquired cognitive learning and memory disabilities. (C) 2020 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： central thalamus deep brain stimulation neural probe resting-state fMRI magnetic resonance compatibility functional connectivity

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