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Entertaining the Forgotten Southern Governors and the Performance of Populism

TDR-THE DRAMA REVIEW-THE JOURNAL OF PERFORMANCE STUDIES 2021年第1期65卷 144-166页

作者： Twardowski, Weston Fine, Gary Alan Northwestern Univ Interdisciplinary PhD Theatre & Drama Program Evanston IL 60208 USA Northwestern Univ Sociol Evanston IL 60208 USA Northwestern Univ Interdisciplinary PhD Theatre & Drama Evanston IL 60208 USA Univ Georgia Sociol Athens GA 30602 USA

During the late 1920s and '30s, performative populism played a major role in the politics of the American Deep South. In the gubernatorial campaigns of three of the most prominent populist politicians of the era-Huey Long, Theodore Bilbo, and Eugene Talmadge-performance skills and entertainment were key strategies for gaining voter support and crafting personas within a popular imaginary.

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Religion, spirituality, and mental illness among working professionals: an in-depth interview study

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MENTAL HEALTH RELIGION & CULTURE 2021年第9期24卷 931-947页

作者： Elliott, Marta Reuter, Jordan C. Univ Nevada Dept Sociol Reno NV 89557 USA Univ Nevada Interdisciplinary Social Psychol PhD Program Reno NV 89557 USA

Religion and spirituality (R/S) tend to be associated with emotional wellbeing, but less is known about how they function in the lives of people with mental illness. This paper presents an analysis of in-depth interviews with 26 adults who self-identified as working professionals with a mental illness. Four themes emerged regarding how R/S was experienced as beneficial to mental health, and three themes regarding how it was problematic. The benefits included providing a sense of belonging, a sense of purpose, supportive relationships with R/S figures, and therapeutic R/S practices, whereas problematic aspects included religion as a risky refuge, religious struggles, and abuse in religious settings. In addition, 21 of 26 reported transitions related to their mental illness including switching between religions, leaving religion, and becoming more spiritual, leaving R/S altogether, and religious conversion. The results are discussed, and implications are drawn for R/S practitioners as well as for future research.

关键词： Religion spirituality mental health mental illness

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Gene regulatory network inference in single-cell biology

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CURRENT OPINION IN SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2021年 26卷 87-97页

作者： Akers, Kyle Murali, T. M. Virginia Tech Interdisciplinary PhD Program Genet Bioinformat & Blacksburg VA 24061 USA Virginia Tech Dept Comp Sci Blacksburg VA 24061 USA

Gene regulatory networks record relationships between transcription factors and the genes whose expression they control. Recent computational methods have been developed to predict these regulatory interactions based on gene expression data generated by single-cell sequencing technologies. In this review, we summarize these gene regulatory network inference algorithms, methods for evaluating predicted regulatory interactions, and approaches to simulate scRNA-seq data. We conclude by discussing developing trends in single-cell multiomics that we expect to influence future research on network inference.

关键词： Gene regulatory network Network inference Single-cell data RNA-sequencing data Multiomics data

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Impact of the Damaging Consequences of the Second Spectrum on the Stabilization of Nonlinear Timoshenko Systems

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ACTA APPLICANDAE MATHEMATICAE 2022年第1期180卷 1-23页

作者： Almeida Junior, D. S. Ramos, A. J. A. Soufyane, A. Freitas, M. M. Santos, M. L. Fed Univ Para PhD Program Math Augusto Correa St 01 BR-66075110 Belem Para Brazil Fed Univ Para Fac Math Interdisciplinary Innovat Lab LabX Raimundo Santana St S-N BR-68721000 Salinopolis Para Brazil Univ Sharjah Coll Sci Dept Math POB 27272 Sharjah U Arab Emirates

In this paper, we consider a one-dimensional coupled Timoshenko type system in the light of the second spectrum of frequency (no blow-up on second wave speed) with a single weakly nonlinear feedback acting only on the angular rotation. Without imposing any restrictive growth assumption near the origin on the damping term, we establish an explicit and general decay rate using a multiplier method and some properties of convex functions. This is made without classical equal wave speeds assumption. Before, we proved the well-posedness by using the Faedo-Galerkin method. Our results are new and considerable improve earlier results where the equal wave speeds played the role for getting the stability properties. In addition, in the conclusions section, we consider the same truncated version but with non-linear damping acting on the transversal displacement and we describe how the known mathematical techniques do not apply in order to obtain the exponential decay.

关键词： Timoshenko type systems Nonlinear damping Exponential decay Second spectrum Phase velocity

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Uncovering the functional basis of mantids that resemble plants

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 215-216页

作者： Wei Zhang David JLohman State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research School of Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Biology Department City College of New YorkCity University of New YorkNew York 10031 USA PhD Program in Biology City University of New YorkNew York 10016 USA Entomology Section National Museum of Natural HistoryManila 1000Philippines

Convergent evolution frequently causes one species to look like another to increase its ***“adaptive resemblance”takes many forms:edible species mimic noxious ones to avoid predation;camouflaged patterns allow an organism to blend into its environment;and being mistaken for an inedible object allows a prey species to masquerade as a twig or dead *** resemblance is relatively common in insects,which comprise around 60%of known species.

关键词： species functional mimic

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Living in Limbo: Aspiration-attainment Gap, Occupational Health Risks, and Intergenerational Mobility of Mexican Origin Migrant Farm Workers in El Paso, Texas

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JOURNAL OF POVERTY 2022年第1期26卷 73-91页

作者： Paat, Yok-Fong Saucedo, Carlos Marentes Rojas, Rosemary Munoz, Jennifer Molina, Alexis Andrea Yoshimoto, Mitsue Sanchez, Sheralyn Gonzalez, Anna M. De La Hoya, Rosemarie Univ Texas El Paso Dept Social Work El Paso TX 79968 USA Univ Texas El Paso Interdisciplinary Hlth Sci PhD Program El Paso TX 79968 USA Border Agr Workers Ctr El Paso TX USA

Using convenience and purposive sampling, this study examined the aspiration-attainment gap and occupational health risks that 40 Mexican origin migrant farm workers faced and the personal resources they drew from to overcome adversities. Data were collected from a community farm worker agency in El Paso, Texas in 2018. Overall, this study showed that participants confronted a series of social impediments and structural disadvantages (economic hardship, low wages, limited formal education, lack of work experience besides farming, systemic deprivation, discrimination, and dangerous workplace). Optimism, familism, spirituality, and perseverance were among the strategies they relied on to foster resilience and bridge the aspiration-attainment gap.

关键词： Mexican farm workers migrants intergenerational mobility

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Effect of weaning strategy and backgrounding management on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and mRNA expression in the longissimus muscle of beef steers

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JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2023年第101期101卷 skad074页

作者： Pittaluga, Alejandro M. Kieffer, Justin Relling, Alejandro E. Ohio State Univ Dept Anim Sci Wooster OH 44691 USA Ohio State Univ Dept Anim Sci Interdisciplinary PhD Program Nutr Columbus OH 43210 USA

We evaluate the effect of the weaning strategy (WS;early, 130 +/- 21 d vs. normal, 187 +/- 20 d) and backgrounding management (BGM) on growth, carcass characteristics, and relative mRNA expression in the longissimus muscle (LM) of beef steers. One hundred and twenty Angus x SimAngus-crossbred steers (body weight (BW) = 130 +/- 11.2 kg) were used in a randomized complete block design. Steers, blocked by age and BW, were randomly assigned to one treatment (2 x 2 factorial). Treatments consisted of early weaned (EW) or normal weaned (NW) steers subsequently backgrounded (BG) on either a forage-based (FB) or concentrates-based (CB) diet. The EW steers (d 0) were ad libitum-fed a grain-based diet for 49 d until nursing calves were NW. Steers were ad libitum-fed either a FB diet for 214 d or a CB diet for 95 d afterward. Steers were finished on a high-grain diet until harvested at an estimated constant 12th-rib fat thickness (1.5 cm). Expression of mRNA in the LM was measured over time. Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED in SAS. The EW steers were heavier (P < 0.01) at the beginning of the backgrounding and finishing period. When the finishing phase began, steers FB were heavier (P < 0.01) than CB steers. There was a tendency for a WS x BGM interaction (P = 0.08) for final BW, where NW-FB steers were heavier than the steers on the other three treatments, which do not differ between them. In the finishing phase, steers BG on a FB diet had greater dry matter intake and average daily gain, but lower gain-to-feed ratio (P < 0.01). There was a WS x BGM interaction (P = 0.03) for days on feed (DOF) in the finishing diet, where backgrounding steers in a FB diet decreased DOF required to reach the harvesting target among EW steers, but not within NW steers. No interactions or treatment effects (P >= 0.17) were detected for marbling score (MS). For ZFP423, EW steers showed a greater mRNA expression on d 112 and a lower expression on d 255 than NW steers (P < 0.01). In d 57, steer

关键词： backgrounding management early weaning longissimus muscle marbling score

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Identifying threshold of CT-defined muscle loss after radiotherapy for survival in oral cavity cancer using machine learning

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EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY 2024年 1-11页

作者： Lee, Jie Lin, Jhen-Bin Lin, Wan-Chun Jan, Ya-Ting Leu, Yi-Shing Chen, Yu-Jen Wu, Kun-Pin Mackay Mem Hosp Dept Radiat Oncol Taipei Taiwan MacKay Med Coll Dept Med New Taipei City Taiwan Changhua Christian Hosp Dept Radiat Oncol Changhua Taiwan Natl Yang Ming Chiao Tung Univ Inst Biomed Informat Taipei Taiwan Mackay Mem Hosp Dept Radiol Taipei Taiwan Mackay Mem Hosp Dept Otolaryngol & Head Neck Surg Taipei Taiwan Natl Yang Ming Chiao Tung Univ PhD Program Interdisciplinary Med Taipei Taiwan

Objectives Muscle loss after radiotherapy is associated with poorer survival in patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC). However, the threshold of muscle loss remains unclear. This study aimed to utilize explainable artificial intelligence to identify the threshold of muscle loss associated with survival in OCSCC. Materials and methods We enrolled 1087 patients with OCSCC treated with surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy at two tertiary centers (660 in the derivation cohort and 427 in the external validation cohort). Skeletal muscle index (SMI) was measured using pre- and post-radiotherapy computed tomography (CT) at the C3 vertebral level. Random forest (RF), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and Categorical Boosting (CatBoost) models were developed to predict all-cause mortality, and their performances were evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC). Muscle loss threshold was identified using the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method and validated using Cox regression analysis. Results In the external validation cohort, the RF, XGBoost, and CatBoost models achieved favorable performance in predicting all-cause mortality (AUC: 0.898, 0.859, and 0.842). The SHAP method demonstrated that SMI change after radiotherapy was the most important feature for predicting all-cause mortality and consistently identified SMI loss >= 4.2% as the threshold in all three models. In multivariable analysis, SMI loss >= 4.2% was independently associated with increased all-cause mortality risk in both cohorts (derivation cohort: hazard ratio: 6.66, p < 0.001;external validation cohort: hazard ratio: 8.46, p < 0.001). Conclusion This study can assist clinicians in identifying patients with considerable muscle loss after treatment and guide interventions to improve muscle mass. Key Points Question Muscle loss after radiotherapy is associated with poorer survival in patients with oral cavity cancer;however, the threshold of muscle loss remains unclear. Findings

关键词： Oral cavity cancer Muscle loss Radiotherapy Explainable artificial intelligence Computed tomography

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Modern Money and the War Treasury

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JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ISSUES 2021年第4期55卷 1034-1065页

作者： Levey, Sam Univ Missouri Econ Interdisciplinary PhD Program Publ Adm Kansas City MO 64110 USA Global Inst Sustainable Prosper Kansas City MO 64110 USA

Using historical sources, I attempt to piece together the economic worldview held by the United States Treasury Department during World War II. Analyzing the Treasury's view of taxation, bond sales, and interest rates, this article considers whether and in what ways this worldview is compatible with Modern Monetary Theory. I conclude that in most regards, the two align closely, the differences being primarily attributable to the peculiarities of war finance. Finding a less clear view of national debt, an interpretation is offered based on Treasury's statements. Additional evidence shows that this view had a small but significant foothold in the era's news outlets.

关键词： war finance mobilization U S Treasury History of Economic Thought World War II Modern Monetary Theory

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The Artificial Third: A Broad View of the Effects of Introducing Generative Artificial Intelligence on Psychotherapy

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JMIR MENTAL HEALTH 2024年 11卷 e54781页

作者： Haber, Yuval Levkovich, Inbar Hadar-Shoval, Dorit Elyoseph, Zohar Bar Ilan Univ PhD Program Hermeneut & Cultural Studies Interdisciplinary Studies Unit Ramat Gan Israel Tel Hai Acad Coll Kiryat Shmona Israel Max Stern Yezreel Valley Coll Dept Psychol & Educ Counseling Emek Yezreel Israel Imperial Coll London Fac Med Dept Brain Sci Fulham Palace Rd London W6 8RF England Max Stern Yezreel Valley Coll Ctr Psychobiol Res Dept Psychol & Educ Counseling Emek Yezreel Israel

This paper explores a significant shift in the field of mental health in general and psychotherapy in particular following generative artificial intelligence's new capabilities in processing and generating humanlike language. Following Freud, this lingo-technological development is conceptualized as the "fourth narcissistic blow" that science inflicts on humanity. We argue that this narcissistic blow has a potentially dramatic influence on perceptions of human society, interrelationships, and the self. We should, accordingly, expect dramatic changes in perceptions of the therapeutic act following the emergence of what we term the artificial third in the field of psychotherapy. The introduction of an artificial third marks a critical juncture, prompting us to ask the following important core questions that address two basic elements of critical thinking, namely, transparency and autonomy: (1) What is this new artificial presence in therapy relationships? (2) How does it reshape our perception of ourselves and our interpersonal dynamics? and (3) What remains of the irreplaceable human elements at the core of therapy? Given the ethical implications that arise from these questions, this paper proposes that the artificial third can be a valuable asset when applied with insight and ethical consideration, enhancing but not replacing the human touch in therapy.

关键词： psychoanalysis generative artificial intelligence psychotherapy large language models narcissism narcissist narcissistic perception perceptions critical thinking transparency autonomy mental health interpersonal LLM LLMs language model language models artificial intelligence generative AI ethic ethics ethical

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