检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

Classifying Alzheimer's Disease Neuropathology Using Clinical and MRI Measurements

JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE 2024年第3期100卷 843-862页

作者： Zhuang, Xiaowei Cordes, Dietmar Bender, Andrew R. Nandy, Rajesh Oh, Edwin C. Kinney, Jefferson Caldwell, Jessica Z. K. Cummings, Jeffrey Miller, Justin Cleveland Clin Lou Ruvo Ctr Brain Hlth Las Vegas NV USA Univ Nevada Interdisciplinary Neurosci PhD Program Las Vegas NV USA Univ Nevada Lab Neurogenet & Precis Med Las Vegas NV USA Univ Colorado Boulder Boulder CO USA Univ North Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Sch Publ Hlth Dept Biostat & Epidemiol Ft Worth TX USA Univ Nevada Sch Med Dept Internal Med Las Vegas NV USA Univ Nevada Sch Integrated Hlth Sci Chambers Grundy Ctr Transformat Neurosci Dept Brain Hlth Las Vegas NV USA

Background: Computer-aided machine learning models are being actively developed with clinically available biomarkers to diagnose Alzheimer's disease (AD) in living persons. Despite considerable work with cross-sectional in vivo data, many models lack validation against postmortem AD neuropathological data. Objective: Train machine learning models to classify the presence or absence of autopsy-confirmed severe AD neuropathology using clinically available features. Methods: AD neuropathological status are assessed at postmortem for participants from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC). Clinically available features are utilized, including demographics, Apolipoprotein E(APOE) genotype, and cortical thicknesses derived from ante-mortem MRI scans encompassing AD meta regions of interest (meta-ROI). Both logistic regression and random forest models are trained to identify linearly and nonlinearly separable features between participants with the presence (N=91, age-at-MRI = 73.6 +/- 9.24, 38 women) or absence (N=53, age-at-MRI = 68.93 +/- 19.69, 24 women) of severe AD neuropathology. The trained models are further validated in an external data set against in vivo amyloid biomarkers derived from PET imaging (amyloid-positive: N=71, age-at-MRI = 74.17 +/- 6.37, 26 women;amyloid-negative: N=73, age-at-MRI = 71.59 +/- 6.80, 41 women). Results: Our models achieve a cross-validation accuracy of 84.03% in classifying the presence or absence of severe AD neuropathology, and an external-validation accuracy of 70.14% in classifying in vivo amyloid positivity status. Conclusions: Our models show that clinically accessible features, including APOE genotype and cortical thinning encompassing AD meta-ROIs, are able to classify both postmortem confirmed AD neuropathological status and in vivo amyloid status with reasonable accuracies. These results suggest the potential utility of AD meta-ROIs in determining AD neuropathological status in living persons.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease-meta-ROIs APOE genotype in vivo amyloid status machine learning severe AD neuropathology

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Moderate and Severe Acute Normobaric Hypoxia and the 3-Repetition Deadlift, Hand-Release Push-Up, and Leg Tuck Events From the Army Combat Fitness Test

引用

MILITARY MEDICINE 2023年第3-4期188卷 E753-E760页

作者： Jenkins, Jasmin R. Salmon, Owen F. Smith, Cory M. Univ Texas El Paso Coll Hlth Sci Interdisciplinary Hlth Sci PhD Program El Paso TX 79968 USA Univ Texas El Paso Coll Hlth Sci Human & Environm Physiol Lab El Paso TX 79968 USA

Introduction The newly implemented Army Combat Fitness Test (ACFT) of the U.S. Army seeks to revolutionize the Army's fitness culture and reduce the rate of preventable injuries among soldiers. The initial rollout of the ACFT has been met with several challenges, including a gender-neutral scoring system. The ACFT has undergone several revisions to adapt to the present state of U.S. Army physical fitness;however, the test faces several more obstacles as more data become available. The ACFT was designed to measure combat readiness, a useful tool for units facing deployment or a change in duty station to a high-altitude environment. Reduced oxygen availability (hypoxia) at high altitude influences many physiological functions associated with physical fitness, such that there is an increased demand for oxygen in exercising muscle. Therefore, the purpose was to investigate the effects of normoxic and two levels of hypoxia exposure (moderate and severe;fraction of inspired oxygen [FiO(2)]: 16.0% and 14.3%) during the 3-repetition deadlift (MDL), hand-release push-up (HRP), and leg tuck (LTK) events of the ACFT. Materials and Methods Fourteen recreationally active men (n = 10) and women (n = 4) soldier analogs (27.36 +/- 1.12 years, height 1.71 +/- 2.79 m, weight 80.60 +/- 4.24 kg) completed the MDL, HRP, and LTK at normoxia and acute normobaric moderate (MH;FiO(2) 16%) and severe (SH;FiO(2) 14.3%) hypoxic exposure. Scores and performance were recorded for each event, and heart rate (HR) and total body oxygen saturation (SpO(2)) were monitored throughout. Repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess differences in modified ACFT scores, performance, HR, and SpO(2) among hypoxic conditions, with follow-up one-way ANOVA and paired t-test when appropriate. Results Total body oxygen saturation was decreased at MH and SH conditions compared to normoxia but did not vary between ACFT events. Heart rate was not influenced by altitude but did increase in respon

关键词：

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Effect of grain inclusion rates in diets provided to early-weaned calves and steroidal implants utilization on growth performance and carcass characteristics of beef steers

引用

TRANSLATIONAL ANIMAL SCIENCE 2023年第1期7卷 txad068页

作者： Pittaluga, Alejandro M. Kieffer, Justin Relling, Alejandro E. Ohio State Univ Dept Anim Sci Columbus OH 43210 USA Ohio State Univ Dept Anim Sci Interdisciplinary PhD Program Nutr Wooster OH 44692 USA

One hundred and twenty-one Angus x SimAngus-crossbred steers (body weight (BW) = 159 & PLUSMN;22 kg) were used to evaluate the effects of different grain inclusion (GI) rates in diets provided to early-weaned calves and steroidal implants (SI) utilization on growth performance and carcass characteristics, particularly intramuscular fat deposition, of beef steers. The experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design with a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments, consisting of two GI rates (35% vs. 58%, dry matter (DM) basis), each one associated or not to steroidal implant utilization (no implants vs. 80 mg trenbolone acetate (TA) + 16 mg estradiol followed by 120 mg TA + 24 mg of estradiol). After being early-weaned (124 & PLUSMN;14 d of age), steers were offered an average of 4.5 kg/d (DM basis) of a concentrate-based diet with a greater or lesser GI rate for 60 d. After being fed a concentrate-based diet with different GI rates for 60 d, steers were fed a common backgrounding diet for 56 d and subsequently fed a common high-grain diet until harvested at a constant final BW (620 kg). Steers were not implanted until the beginning of the backgrounding phase and then re-implanted when initiating the finishing phase. Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED in SAS. There were no GI x SI interactions (P & GE;0.62) for any of the growth performance parameters throughout the experimental period. Implanted steers tended to have a greater average daily gain (P = 0.10) during the finishing phase than nonimplanted steers. For the 12th rib fat thickness and yield grade (YG), a GI x SI interaction (P = 0.03) and a tendency for a GI x SI interaction (P = 0.10) was detected, respectively. Nonimplanted steers fed diets with greater GI rates presented the greatest 12th rib fat thickness and tended to have the greatest YG among treatments. No other interactions (P & GE;0.33) were observed for the hot carcass weight, Longissimus muscle (LM) area, quality grade, marbling s

关键词： beef corn energy feedlot management quality

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Post-traumatic intra-orbital meningoencephalocele in adults: technical note on a rare entity and review of the literature

引用

NEUROSURGICAL REVIEW 2022年第1期46卷 1-11页

作者： Cammarata, Giacomo Altieri, Roberto Certo, Francesco Petrella, Luca Basile, Angelo Pizzo, Aurora Crimi, Salvatore Battaglia, Salvatore Bianchi, Alberto Barbagallo, Giuseppe Polyclin G Rodolico S Marco Univ Hosp Dept Neurol Surg Viale Carlo Azeglio Ciampi 1 I-95121 Catania Italy Univ Catania Interdisciplinary Res Ctr Brain Tumors Diag & Trea Catania Italy Univ Turin Dept Neurosci Rita Levi Montalcini PhD Program Turin Italy Univ Catania Polyclin G Rodolico San Marco Univ Hosp Dept Gen Surg Sect Maxillo Facial Surg Catania Italy

Post-traumatic orbital meningoencephaloceles related to orbital roof fractures are a challenging clinical entity because of their rarity and difficult differential diagnosis. We report a case of post-traumatic intra-orbital meningoencephalocele in a 69-year-old man, secondary to a likely trapdoor mechanism, treated with a modified one-piece orbitozygomatic craniotomy. We also performed an extensive literature review of traumatic Intra-Orbital Encephalocele related to Orbital Roof Fracture focused on adult patients on electronic databases including Scopus, MEDLINE/PubMed, and Google Scholar. Patient well recovered after surgery with immediate exophthalmos resolution and discharged without visual or neurological deficits. The literature review included 22 papers with a total of 28 patients: 22 males (78.6%) and 6 females (21.4%), with a median age of 34.7 years. Twenty-six patients (92.9%) reported ocular injuries, with associated intracranial complications in 16 cases (61.5%). Twenty-seven patients (96.4%) were surgically treated, 18 of those underwent unilateral or bilateral frontal approach. Most orbital roof fractures can be managed nanoperatively if asymptomatic. Indeed, when the intra-orbital volume decreases, for example due to an encephalocele, the intra-orbital pressure could increase and determine an orbital compartment syndrome. In our case, we performed a one-piece modified orbitozygomatic approach, which has several advantages in comparison to the frequent unilateral or bilateral frontal craniotomy like the better exposure of the brain and orbit and a minimum brain retraction.

关键词： Traumatic orbital meningoencephalocele Intra-orbital meningoencephalocele Orbital roof fractures Orbitozygomatic craniotomy

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

The ties that mobilize us: Networks, intergroup contact, and participation in the Black Lives Matter movement

引用

ANALYSES OF SOCIAL ISSUES AND PUBLIC POLICY 2021年第1期21卷 541-556页

作者： Hong, Pamela M. Peoples, Clayton D. Indiana Univ Dept Sociol Bloomington IN USA Univ Nevada Dept Sociol Mail Stop 300 Reno NV 89557 USA Univ Nevada Interdisciplinary PhD Program Social Psychol Mail Stop 300 Reno NV 89557 USA

Scholarship on peoples' involvement in social movements shows that social networks predict movement participation. Research in this area has traditionally focused on connections to activists-but other kinds of social relationships, such as intergroup contact, may matter as well. In this study, unique data were collected from both a student sample and a general sample of the population to examine how intergroup contact-namely, social ties with African Americans-affects whites' participation in the Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement. In both samples, intergroup contact is a significant predictor of participation in BLM, net of other factors. The study's findings suggest that social ties outside of activist networks can matter greatly for movement participation;they also suggest that intergroup contact can affect more than just attitudes-it can spur collective action.

关键词：

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

How to Catch 'Em All? An Investigation of Personality and Gameplay Styles in Pokemon GO

引用

PRESENCE-VIRTUAL AND AUGMENTED REALITY 2020年 29卷 23-36页

作者： Kapoor, Hansika Tagat, Anirudh Karandikar, Sampada Ticku, Arunima Monk Prayogshala Dept Psychol Mumbai Maharashtra India Univ Connecticut Neag Sch Educ Storrs CT USA Univ Nevada Interdisciplinary Social Psychol PhD Program Reno NV 89557 USA

Pokemon GO is a 2016, augmented reality (AR) video game requiring players to move around in the real world and catch Pokemon to complete their collection. Examining different gameplay styles and user psychology in AR games can provide important insights for gameplay design. As multiple self- and other-beneficial strategies can be used to advance in the game, the present study investigated personality and behavioral correlates of four kinds of gameplay: independent, social-dependent, active, and invested. A multinational sample of current Pokemon GO players was recruited (N = 516, M-age = 28.83 years, SD = 9.25) and responded to measures of bright and dark personality traits, as well as a questionnaire on Pokemon GO gameplay behaviors. Results indicated that older players and those with multiple accounts were more likely to engage in most forms of gameplay;further, women were less likely to be active players. Among personality traits, psychopathy was a strong predictor of independent, social-dependent, and invested gameplay;agreeableness explained social-dependent strategies in line with social exchange theory;conscientiousness was associated with being a regular player;and fairness contributed to spending more money on the game (invested gameplay). Limitations and suggestions for future research are discussed.

关键词： Augmented reality

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Post-pandemic transit commute: Lessons from focus group discussions on the experience of essential workers during COVID-19

引用

JOURNAL OF TRANSPORT GEOGRAPHY 2024年 116卷

作者： Abu Ashour, Lamis Shen, Qing Moudon, Anne Cai, Mingming Wang, Yiyuan Brown, Melissa Univ Washington Interdisciplinary PhD Program Urban Design & Plan Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Dept Urban Design & Planning Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Transportat Serv Seattle WA 98105 USA

Public transit services, which provide a critical lifeline for many essential workers, were severely interrupted during the COVID-19 pandemic. As institutions gradually return to normal in-person operations, it is critical to understand how the pandemic affected essential workers' commute and what it will take to ensure the effective recovery of transit ridership and enhance the long-term resiliency and equity of public transportation systems for those who need it the most. This study used focus group discussions with essential workers who were pre- pandemic transit riders to understand how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted their commute perceptions, experiences, motives, and challenges and explore the potential changes in their travel behavior post-pandemic. We used NVivo 12 Pro to conduct a thematic analysis of the transcripted discussion data and examined patterns of commute mode change with respect to participants' attributes, including job type, home location, and gender. The results show that public transit had multiple reliability and frequency challenges during the pandemic, which resulted in most participants switching away from public transportation. With the increased availability of hybrid remote work and pandemic-related parking policies, driving emerged as a safer and more affordable commute mode for many pre-pandemic transit riders, rendering transit services less efficient for those who continued to rely on it. Planning for post-COVID resilient and reliable mobility requires a major rethinking of providing an efficient and effective transport system and a more fundamental approach to long-term public transport policy. To recover transit ridership, transit agencies need to ensure transit service availability and provide reliable transit information through smartphone apps. Similarly, transit agencies need to coordinate with other employers to provide free or heavily subsidized transit passes, to facilitate the recovery of transit demand effectively.

关键词： Essential workers Commute Public transit Focus group discussions COVID-19 pandemic Post-pandemic

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Nonsovereign Racecraft: How Colonialism, Debt, and Disaster are Transforming Puerto Rican Racial Subjectivities

引用

AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST 2021年第3期123卷 509-525页

作者： Godreau, Isar Bonilla, Yarimar Univ Puerto Rico Inst Interdisciplinary Res Cayey PR 00736 USA Hunter Coll Dept Africana Puerto Rican & Latino Studies New York NY USA CUNY Grad Ctr PhD Program Anthropol New York NY USA

Using the concept of "racecraft" to describe the state production of racial subjectivities, we argue that this process has been increasingly compromised in Puerto Rico by a lack of sovereignty and by the current socioeconomic crisis. We argue that the state-sponsored idea that Puerto Rican white and mixed-race identities operate separately from the US racial framework is receding. Based on the unconventional use of an open-ended question for racial identification in a survey administered to over one thousand Puerto Ricans, we found: a reluctance to identify racially, an awareness of a normative "whiteness" that excludes Puerto Ricans, and a tendency to embrace US federal categories such as "Hispanic" and "Latino." We interpret these results as evidence of a Puerto Rican racial state in decline, arguing that the island's debt crisis and compounding disasters have not only eroded the political and economic realms of statecraft but the racial one as well.

关键词： census colonialism race identity statecraft racial state Puerto Rico

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Consuming a Linoleate-Rich Diet Increases Concentrations of Tetralinoleoyl Cardiolipin in Mouse Liver and Alters Hepatic Mitochondrial Respiration

引用

JOURNAL OF NUTRITION 2024年第3期154卷 856-865页

作者： Mahler, Connor A. Snoke, Deena B. Cole, Rachel M. Angelotti, Austin Sparagna, Genevieve C. Baskin, Kedryn K. Ni, Ai Belury, Martha A. Indiana Biosci Res Inst Lilly Diabet Res Ctr Indianapolis IN USA Univ Vermont Dept Med Larner Coll Med Burlington VT USA Ohio State Univ Interdisciplinary PhD Program Nutr Columbus OH USA Ohio State Univ Dept Food Sci & Technol Columbus OH 43210 USA Univ Colorado Dept Med Div Cardiol Anschutz Med Campus Aurora CO USA Ohio State Univ Dorothy M Davis Heart & Lung Res Inst Diabet & Metab Res Ctr Coll MedDept Physiol & Cell Biol Columbus OH USA Ohio State Univ Coll Publ Hlth Biostat Columbus OH USA

Background: Hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction is a major cause of fat accumulation in the liver. Individuals with fatty liver conditions have hepatic mitochondrial structural abnormalities and a switch in the side chain composition of the mitochondrial phospholipid, cardiolipin, from poly- to monounsaturated fatty acids. Linoleic acid (LA), an essential dietary fatty acid, is required to remodel nascent cardiolipin (CL) to its tetralinoleoyl cardiolipin (L4CL, CL with 4 LA side chains) form, which is integral for mitochondrial membrane structure and function to promote fatty acid oxidation. It is unknown, however, whether increasing LA in the diet can increase hepatic L4CL concentrations and improve mitochondrial respiration in the liver compared with a diet rich in monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids. Objectives: The main aim of this study was to test the ability of a diet fortified with LA-rich safflower oil (SO), compared with the one fortified with lard (LD), to increase concentrations of L4CL and improve mitochondrial respiration in the livers of mice. Methods: Twenty-four (9-wk-old) C57 BL/J6 male mice were fed either the SO or LD diets for similar to 100 d, whereas food intake and body weight, fasting glucose, and glucose tolerance tests were performed to determine any changes in glycemic control. Results: Livers from mice fed SO diet had higher relative concentrations of hepatic L4CL species compared with LD diet-fed mice (P value = 0.004). Uncoupled mitochondria of mice fed the SO diet, compared with LD diet, had an increased baseline oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and succinate-driven respiration (P values = 0.03 and 0.01). SO diet-fed mice had increased LA content in all phospholipid classes compared with LD-fed mice (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Our findings reveal that maintaining or increasing hepatic L4CL may result in increased OCR in uncoupled hepatic mitochondria in healthy mice whereas higher oleate content of CL reduced mitochondrial function sho

关键词： Linoleic acid cardiolipin mitochondria liver diet

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Evaluation of the association between plasma glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, respiratory quotient, and intramuscular fat deposition in feedlot cattle fed different levels of dry matter intake

引用

TRANSLATIONAL ANIMAL SCIENCE 2022年第3期6卷 txac089页

作者： Ortiz-Fraguada, M. Y. Relling, A. E. Ohio State Univ Dept Anim Sci Wooster OH 44691 USA Interdisciplinary PhD Program Nutr Wooster OH 44691 USA

The objectives of this trial were to evaluate the association between different levels of dry matter intake (DMI) on gas exchange, plasma glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) concentration, and intramuscular (IM) fat deposition. We used 60 individually fed backgrounded Angus x SimAngus-crossbred steers (n = 30) in a randomized complete block design. Steers (paired by body weight [BW] and gain to feed ratio [G:F]) were randomly allocated to one of the following treatments: ad libitum intake (AI) or restricted intake (RI;the same diet fed at 85% of the AI) of a finishing diet. The diet contained 61% cracked corn, 9% corn silage, 15% distillers' dried grains with solubles, 5% soyhulls, and 10% of a protein-mineral-vitamin premix. Measurements of CO2 emission and consumption of O-2, and respiratory quotient (RQ) were taken using the GreenFeed system (n = 15/treatment). Plasma and gas samples were collected 10 d before slaughter, 1 h before and 2 h after feeding. Plasma glucose, non-esterified fatty acids, GIP, and insulin concentration and gasses (O-2,O- CO2, and RQ) were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS evaluating the fixed effect of treatment, time (repeated measurement) and their interaction, and the random effect of the block. Final BW and carcass characteristics were analyzed with a similar model, without the time statement and its interaction. Compared with RI, AI steers had greater (P < 0.01) DMI and average daily gain (ADG). Steers on AI had greater final BW (P = 0.02), tended to have a greater ribeye area (P = 0.09), and had lower plasma GIP concentration (P = 0.04). There was no treatment effect (P >= 0.11) on G:F, subcutaneous backfat (BF), and IM fat, O-2 consumption, CO2 emission, and RQ. Plasma glucose concentration of AI steers was greater before and after feeding than RI (P < 0.05). In conclusion, feeding steers ad libitum increased DMI, ADG, and plasma glucose and GIP concentration but does not affect G:F, BF, IM fat, CO2 emission

关键词： beef cattle energy intake glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide intramuscular fat deposition respiratory quotient restricted intake

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：