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Acute Pain Impairs Retention of Locomotor Learning, Regardless of the Context of Retention Testing

Journal of neurophysiology 2025年第6期133卷 2025 May 14页

作者： Samuel R Jackson Ryan T Pohlig Susanne M Morton Department of Physical Therapy University of Delaware Newark DE USA. Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Biomechanics & Movement Science University of Delaware Newark DE USA. Department of Epidemiology University of Delaware Newark DE USA.

Our group and others have shown that the presence of an acute painful stimulus may interfere with retention of motor learning. Conversely, other evidence suggests this effect may not be truly due to pain, but due to a change in context when testing retention; i.e., testing retention in a non-painful context when learning occurred in a painful context. Yet to our knowledge, no study has directly compared retention of learning acquired under painful conditions with versus without a context change. To answer this question, we tested 30 young healthy adults on a locomotor learning and retention paradigm. All participants walked on a treadmill with a monitor displaying distorted real-time visual feedback of step lengths to induce learning of an asymmetric stepping pattern. Retention was assessed 24 hours later. Participants were randomized into one of three groups: one received no intervention; one received a painful stimulus during learning on day 1 only; and one received the same painful stimulus during both learning on day 1 and retention testing on day 2. Pain was induced by applying a combination of topical capsaicin cream and superficial heat to the skin of one leg. We found that while all groups successfully learned the asymmetric pattern, retention was reduced in both groups that experienced pain during learning, regardless of the pain context during retention testing. These findings indicate that pain experienced during acquisition of a motor skill has a unique and deleterious effect on retention of that motor skill, which could negatively impact rehabilitation efforts.

关键词： Motor learning consolidation gait locomotion pain interference walking

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Effects of contact/collision sport history on gait in early-to mid-adulthood

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Journal of Sport and Health science 2023年第3期12卷 398-405页

作者： Katherine J.Hunzinger Jaclyn B.Caccese Rebekah Mannix William P.MeehanⅢ Jocelyn F.Hafer C.Buz Swanik Thomas A.Buckley Department of Biostatistics Epidemiologyand InformaticsUniversity of Pennsylvania Perelman School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Penn Injury Science Center University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences The Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbusOH 43210USA Division of Emergency Medicine Boston Children's HospitalBostonMA 02115USA Departments of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA The Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention WalthamMA 02453USA Division of Sports Medicine Department of OrthopedicsBoston Children's HospitalBostonMA 02453USA Department of Pediatrics and Orthopedics Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02453USA Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology University of DelawareNewarkDE 02453USA Interdisciplinary Program in Biomechanics and Movement Science University of DelawareNewarkDE 02453USA

Background:To determine the effect of contact/collision sport participation on measures of single-task(ST)and dual-task(DT)gait among early-to middle-aged ***:The study recruited 113 adults(34.88±11.80 years,(mean±SD);53.0%female)representing 4 *** included(a)former non-contact/collision athletes and non-athletes who are not physically active(n=28);(b)former non-contact/collision athletes who are physically active(n=29);(c)former contact/collision sport athletes who participated in high-risk sports and are physically active(n=29);and(d)former rugby players with prolonged repetitive head impact exposure history who are physically active(n=27).Gait parameters were collected using inertial measurement units during ST and DT *** cost was calculated for all gait parameters(double support,gait speed,and stride length).Groups were compared first using one-way analysis of *** a multiple regression was performed for participants in the highrisk sport athletes and repetitive head impact exposure athletes groups only to predict gait outcomes from contact/collision sport career ***:There were no significant differences between groups on any ST,DT,or DT cost outcomes(p>0.05).Contact/collision sport duration did not predict any ST,DT,or DT cost gait ***:Years and history of contact/collision sport participation does not appear to negatively affect or predict neurobehavioral function in early-to mid-adulthood among physically active individuals.

关键词： Exercise Neurodegenerative disease Postural control Rugby Subconcussive impacts

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Factors associated with pain resolution in those with knee pain: the MOST study

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Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2021年第12期29卷 1666-1672页

作者： Felson, D. Rabasa, G. Jafarzadeh, S.R. Nevitt, M. Lewis, C.E. Segal, N. White, D.K. Section of Rheumatology Boston University School of Medicine Boston MA United States University of Manchester and the NIHR Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Centre Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Manchester United Kingdom University of California at San Francisco San Francisco CA United States University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL United States University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City KS United States Department of Physical Therapy College of Health Sciences University of Delaware Newark DE United States Biomechanics and Movement Science Interdisciplinary Program University of Delaware Newark DE United States

Objectives: To determine how many persons with knee pain have subsequent pain resolution and what factors are associated with resolution, focusing especially on types of physical activity. Methods: Using data from MOST, an NIH funded longitudinal cohort study of persons with or at risk of knee osteoarthritis, we studied participants who at baseline reported knee pain on most days at both a telephone interview and clinic visit. We defined pain resolution if at 30 and 60 month exams, they reported no knee pain on most days and compared these participants to those who reported persistent pain later. In logistic regression analyses, we examined the association of baseline risk factors including demographic factors, BMI, depressive symptoms, isokinetic quadriceps strength and both overall physical activity (using the PASE survey) and specific activities including walking, gardening, and different intensities of recreational activities with pain resolution. Results: Of 1,304 participants with knee pain on most days at baseline, 265 (20.3%) reported no knee pain at 30 and 60 months. Lower BMI and stronger quadriceps were associated with higher odds of pain resolution while overall physical activity was not. Of activities, walking decreased the odds of pain resolution (adjOR = 0.86 (95% CI 0.76, 0.98)), but gardening (adjOR = 1.59 (1.16, 2.18)) and moderate intensity recreational activities ((adjOR = 1.24 (1.05, 1.46)) increased it. Conclusion: Pain resolution is common in those with knee pain. Factors increasing the odds of pain resolution include lower BMI, greater quadriceps strength and gardening and moderately intensive recreational activities. © 2021

关键词： Knee pain Obesity Physical activity Quadriceps strength

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Reproducible biomarkers: Leveraging nonlinear descriptors in the face of non-ergodicity

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Mangalam, Madhur Sadri, Arash Hayano, Junichiro Watanabe, Eiichi Kiyono, Ken Kelty-Stephen, Damian G. Division of Biomechanics and Research Development Department of Biomechanics Center for Research in Human Movement Variability University of Nebraska at Omaha OmahaNE68182 United States Lyceum Scientific Charity Tehran Iran Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Research Program Students’ Scientific Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences TehranP94V+8MF Iran Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya City University Aichi Nagoya467-8601 Japan Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine Fujita Health University Bantane Hospital Aichi Nagoya454-0012 Japan Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Osaka560-8531 Japan Department of Psychology State University of New York at New Paltz New PaltzNY12561 United States

Any reliable biomarker has to be specific, generalizable, and reproducible across individuals and contexts. The exact values of such a biomarker must represent similar health states in different individuals and at different times within the same individual to result in the minimum possible false-positive and false-negative rates. The application of standard cut-off points and risk scores across populations hinges upon the assumption of such generalizability. Such generalizability, in turn, hinges upon this condition that the phenomenon investigated by current statistical methods is ergodic, i.e., its statistical measures converge over individuals and time within the finite limit of observations. However, emerging evidence indicates that biological processes abound with non-ergodicity, threatening this generalizability. Here, we present a solution for how to make generalizable inferences by deriving ergodic descriptions of non-ergodic phenomena. For this aim, we proposed capturing the origin of ergodicity-breaking in many biological processes: cascade dynamics. To assess our hypotheses, we embraced the challenge of identifying reliable biomarkers for heart disease and stroke, which, despite being the leading cause of death worldwide and decades of research, lacks reliable biomarkers and risk stratification tools. We showed that raw R-R interval data and its common descriptors based on mean and variance are non-ergodic and non-specific. On the other hand, the cascade-dynamical descriptors, the Hurst exponent encoding linear temporal correlations, and multifractal nonlinearity encoding nonlinear interactions across scales described the non-ergodic heart rate variability ergodically and were specific. This study inaugurates applying the critical concept of ergodicity in discovering and applying digital biomarkers of health and disease. © 2023, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Risk perception

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A Mechanized Pediatric Elbow Joint Powered by a De-Based Artificial Skeletal Muscle*

A Mechanized Pediatric Elbow Joint Powered by a De-Based Art...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： A. Behboodi C. DeSantis J. Lubsen S.C.K. Lee Venture Development Center University of Delaware Newark DE USA Mechanical Engineering Department University of Delaware Newark DE USA Departments of Physical Therapy Biomedical Engineering and Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Biomechanics and Movement Science University of Delaware Newark DE USA

ISBN: (数字)9781728119908

ISBN: (纸本)9781728119915

To increase the acceptability of exoskeletons, there is growing attention toward finding an alternative soft actuator that can safely perform at close vicinity of the human body. In this study, we investigated the capability of the dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs), for muscle-like actuation of rehabilitation robots. First, an artificial skeletal muscle was configured using commercially available stacked DEAs arranged in a 3×4 array of three parallel fibers consisting of four DEAs connected in series. The shortening and force generation capabilities of this artificial muscle were then measured. An alternate 3×5 version of this muscle was mounted on the forearm of an upper extremity phantom model to actuate its elbow joint. The actuation capability of this muscle was then tested under various tensile loads, 1 N to 4 N, placed at the center of mass of the forearm+hand of the phantom model. The active range of motion and angular velocity of the phantom model's tip of the hand were measured using a motion capture system. The 3×4 artificial muscle produced 30.47 N of force and 5.3 mm of maximum shortening. The 3×5 artificial muscle was capable of actuating the elbow flexion 19.5 o with 16.2 o /s angular velocity in the sagittal plane, under a 1 N tensile load. The active range of motion was substantially reduced as the tensile loads increased, which limits the capability of these muscles in the current upper extremity exoskeleton design.

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State of the Prescription Process for Dynamic Ankle-Foot Orthoses

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Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports 2018年第1期6卷 55-61页

作者： Koller, Corey Arch, Elisa S. Biomechanics and Movement Science Interdisciplinary Program University of Delaware Newark DE United States Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology University of Delaware Newark DE United States

Purpose of Review: Dynamic ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) are assistive devices that can be prescribed to individuals with mobility limitations to support and align joints. Dynamic AFOs are a category of passive AFOs that can control ankle motion to address both ankle joint range of motion limitations and ankle muscle weakness. This control of motion is achieved through the dynamic AFO’s functional characteristics, namely bending stiffness, which need to be customized to each individual’s needs. However, current conventions for customizing dynamic AFOs for each individual are variable and often not clearly documented. The purpose of this review was to synthesize the current state of customizing functional characteristics of dynamic AFOs to provide a foundation for ultimately optimizing the prescription of AFOs. Recent Findings: Dynamic AFO bending stiffness, bending axis, alignment, and footplate design were identified as key functional characteristics that can be customized. Studies showed that customizing these dynamic AFO functional characteristics has the ability to alter gait, and customizing multiple functional characteristics at once is key to improving individual outcomes. Summary: Researchers have continued to expand their knowledge on how dynamic AFO functional characteristics can impact individual outcomes. Continued research should work towards developing guidelines for prescribing dynamic AFO functional characteristics based on individuals’ level of needs. Additionally, researchers and clinicians need to work together to ultimately translate these scientific findings into clinical practice. © 2018, Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

关键词： Alignment Ankle-foot orthosis Axis Footplate Stiffness

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Postural control deficits identify lingering post-concussion neurological deficits

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Journal of Sport and Health science 2016年第1期5卷 61-69页

作者： Thomas A.Buckley Jessie R.Oldham Jaclyn B.Caccese Department of Kinesiology andApplied Physiology Interdisciplinary Program in Biomechanics and Movement Science 150 Human Performance Laboratory University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 USA Interdisciplinary program in Biomechanics and Movement Science University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 USA

Concussion,or mild traumatic brain injury,incidence rates have reached epidemic levels and impaired postural control is a cardinal *** purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the linear and non-linear assessments of post-concussion postural *** current acute evaluation for concussion utilizes the subjective balance error scoring system(BESS) to assess postural *** the sensitivity of the overall test battery is high,the sensitivity of the BESS is unacceptably low and,with repeat administration,is unable to accurately identify *** measures of postural control,utilizing traditional linear assessments,have identified impairments in postural control well beyond BESS *** assessments of quiet stance and gait have identified lingering impairments for at least 1 month ***,the application of non-linear metrics to concussion recovery have begun to receive limited attention with the most commonly utilized metric being approximate entropy(Ap En).Ap En,most commonly in the medial-lateral plane,has successfully identified impaired postural control in the acute post-concussion timeframe even when linear assessments of instrumented measures are equivalent to healthy pre-injury values;unfortunately these studies have not gone beyond the acute phase of *** study has identified lingering deficits in postural control,utilizing Shannon and Renyi entropy metrics,which persist at least through clinical recovery and return to ***,limited evidence from two studies suggest that individuals with a previous history of a single concussion,even months or years prior,may display altered Ap En ***,non-linear metrics provide a fertile area for future study to further the understanding of postural control impairments acutely post-concussion and address the current challenge of sensitive identification of recovery.

关键词： Balance Concussion Mild traumatic brain injury Postural control Variability

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Carbon fiber based custom orthoses for augmenting net ankle moment in gait

Carbon fiber based custom orthoses for augmenting net ankle ...

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SAMPE 2013 Conference and Exhibition: Education and Green Sky - Materials Technology for a Better World

作者： Khattra, Narinder S. Tierney, John J. Yarlagadda, Shridhar Shevchenko, Nicholas Gillespie Jr., John W. Schrank, Elisa S. Stanhope, Steven J. Center for Composite Materials University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 United States Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 United States Biomechanics and Movement Science Interdisciplinary Program University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781934551158

Passive-dynamic ankle-foot orthoses (PD-AFOs) are a common form of assistive braces prescribed to improve gait of patients having impaired ankle joint function. The PD-AFO structural bending response is used to compensate for a patient's reduced ankle moment. This work focuses on the design and analysis of a carbon fiber based composite PD-AFO that provides a thin, lighter weight alternative to the more commonly used plastic based PD-AFOs. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate feasibility of designing composite PD-AFOs having desired bending stiffness. A custom, 3D surface model of the brace is used to create the overall geometry. The composite lay-up and associated stiffness of the composite PD-AFO is determined numerically, as a function of ankle angle for the foot-flat phase of the gait cycle. It is shown that the brace can be designed to augment the lost natural ankle stiffness of a patient to match that of a healthy person. The results indicate that the geometry of a PD-AFO, composite lay-up and the material properties are key factors in achieving the desired stiffness characteristics. Copyright 2013 by Aurora Flight sciences.

关键词： Carbon fibers

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A predictive model-I: predicting the effect of stimulation frequency and pattern on fatigue and a predictive model-II: predicting the effect of resting times on fatigue

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IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering 2003年第1期11卷 86-86页

作者： Jun Ding Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Biomechanics and Movement Science University of Delaware Newark DE USA

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