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International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems

作者： Jiwon Ryu Jaesoon Choi Hee Chan Kim Interdisciplinary Program Bioengineering Major Graduate School Seoul National University Asan Institute for Life Sciences University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine and Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering Medical Research Center Seoul National University

ISBN: (纸本)9781467322478

Robot-assisted cardiac surgeries are effective for operations in limited spaces. Enhancement in safety functions based on automatic tracking of surgical instrument position to prevent inadvertent harmful events as cardiac tissue perforation and instrument collisions can be meaningful augmentation to current robot surgery system. A vision based instrument tracking scheme as a core algorithm to implement such assistive functions has been developed in this study. Through a chain of computer vision techniques, including classification of metallic properties using k-means clustering and instrument movement tracking using similarity measure, Euclidean distance calculation, and Kalman filter algorithm, an automatic tracking scheme has been proposed and the implemented system showed satisfactory performance in tests using real robot-assisted surgery videos. Trajectory comparisons of automatically detected data and ground truth data obtained by manually locating the center of mass of each instrument were used to quantitatively validate the system. The developed algorithm could provide valuable information to clinicians for safer operation.

关键词： Surgical instrument tracking Robot-assisted Surgery Multiple object tracking Collision warning

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Surface enhancements accelerate bone bonding to CPC-coated strain gauges†

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Journal of biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials 2001年第1期56卷

作者： Nicholas M. Cordaro John A. Szivek Don W. DeYoung Orthopaedic Research Laboratory Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Interdisciplinary Program University of Arizona Tucson Arizona 85724 University Animal Care University of Arizona Tucson Arizona 85721

Calcium phosphate ceramic (CPC)-coated strain gauges have been used for in vivo bone strain measurements for up to 18 weeks, but they require 6 to 9 weeks for sufficient bonding. Osteogenic protein-1 (OP-1), PepTite™ (a proprietary ligand), calcium sulfate dihydrate (CSD), transforming growth factor β-1 (TGF-β1 ), and an endothelial cell layer with and without TGF-β1 were used as surface enhancements to accelerate bone-to-CPC bonding. Young male Sprague–Dawley rats were implanted with unenhanced and enhanced CPC-coated gauges. Animals were allowed normal activity for 3 weeks and then calcein labeled. Femurs were explanted following euthanasia. A gauge was attached with cyanoacrylate to the opposite femur in the same position as the CPC-coated gauge. Bones were cantilever-loaded to assess strain transfer. They were sectioned and stained with mineralized bone stain (MIBS) and examined with transmitted and ultraviolet light. Mechanical testing indicated increased sensing accuracy for TGF-β1 and OP-1 enhancements to 105 ± 14% and 92 ± 12% versus 52 ± 44% for the unenhanced gauges. The PepTite™ and the endothelial-cell-layer-enhanced gauges showed lower sensing accuracy, and histology revealed a vascular layer near CPC particles. TGF-β1 increased bone formation when used prior to endothelial cell sodding. CSD prevented strain transfer to the femur. TGF-β1 and OP-1 surface enhancements produced accurate in vivo strain sensing on the rat femur after 3 weeks. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 56: 109–119, 2001

关键词： strain gauge calcium phosphate ceramics transforming growth factor β-1 osteogenic protein-1 endothelial cells

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Dopaminergic and Serotoninergic Neurotoxicity of Lanthanide Phosphate (Tbpo4) in Developing Zebrafish

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Chen, Siying Wang, Xiaohong Ye, Xiaolin Qin, Yingju Wang, Haiqing Liang, Zhenda Zhu, Lishan Zhou, Li Martyniuk, Christopher J. Yan, Bing Institute of Environ. Res. at Greater Bay Area Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta Ministry of Education Guangzhou University Guangzhou510006 China Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology Department of Physiological Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine UF Genetics Institute Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences in Neuroscience University of Florida GainesvilleFL32611 United States School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shandong University Shandong Jinan250100 China

Rare earth elements (REEs) are exploited for global use in manufacturing. Such activities result in their release into the environment and the transformation into more stable phosphate deposition. The objective of this study was to evaluate molecular and behavioral changes of zebrafish exposed to the synthesized terbium phosphate (TbPO4) at concentrations of 10, 20, and 50 mg/L and to determine its potential for neurotoxicity. Metabolomic profiling and assessment of transcripts and proteins were conducted to uncover the molecular mechanisms underlying TbPO4 with emphasis on neurotransmitter systems. Exposure to 20 mg/L TbPO4 induced larval hyperactivity and perturbed the cholinergic system in zebrafish. Based on metabolomics, dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT), and many of their precursors and metabolites were decreased in abundance by TbPO4. In addition, the expression levels of transcripts related to the synthesis, transport, receptor binding, and metabolism of DA and 5-HT were analyzed at the mRNA and protein levels. Transcript and protein levels for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the rate-limiting enzyme for DA synthesis, were down-regulated in larval fish. Monoamine oxidase (MAO), an enzyme that catabolizes monoamines DA and 5-HT, also reduced mRNA abundance. We hypothesize that DA synthesis and monoamine metabolism are associated with behavioral alterations. In addition, a mechanism for the disruption of neurotransmitter systems by TbPO4 may be the apoptosis of neurons. This study elucidates putative mechanisms and exposure risks to wildlife and humans by characterizing phosphatic REE-induced neurotoxicity in developing zebrafish. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Rare earth elements

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Biomaterials: Nanowell-Trapped Charged Ligand-Bearing Nanoparticle Surfaces: A Novel Method of Enhancing Flow-Resistant Cell Adhesion (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 7/2013)

引用

Advanced Healthcare Materials 2013年第7期2卷

作者： Phat L. Tran Jessica R. Gamboa Katherine E. McCracken Mark R. Riley Marvin J. Slepian Jeong-Yeol Yoon Biomedical Engineering Graduate Interdisciplinary Program and Department of Biomedical Engineering The University of Arizona Tucson Arizona 85721 USA Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering The University of Arizona Tucson Arizona 85721 USA Sarver Heart Center and Department of Medicine College of Medicine The University of Arizona Tucson Arizona 85721 USA

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Local Divergence-Free Immersed Finite Element-Difference Method Using Composite B-Splines

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Li, Lianxia Gruninger, Cole Lee, Jae H. Griffith, Boyce E. Department of Mathematics University of North Carolina Chapel HillNC United States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of North Carolina Chapel HillNC United States Carolina Center for Interdisciplinary Applied Mathematics University of North Carolina Chapel HillNC United States Computational Medicine Program University of North Carolina School of Medicine Chapel HillNC United States McAllister Heart Institute University of North Carolina School of Medicine Chapel HillNC United States

In the class of immersed boundary (IB) methods, the choice of the regularized delta function plays a crucial role in transferring information between fluid and solid domains through interpolation and spreading operators. Most prior work using the IB method has used isotropic kernels that do not preserve the divergence-free condition of the velocity field, leading to loss of incompressibility of the solid when interpolating the Eulerian velocity to Lagrangian markers. To address this issue, in simulations involving large deformations of incompressible hyperelastic structures immersed in fluid, researchers often use a volumetric stabilization approach such as adding a volumetric energy term and using modified invariants in the constitutive model of the immersed structure. Composite B-spline (CBS) kernels offer an alternative approach by inherently maintaining the discrete divergence-free property. This work evaluates the performance of CBS kernels in terms of their volume conservation and accuracy, comparing them with several traditional isotropic kernel functions using a construction introduced by Peskin (referred to as IB kernels) and B-spline (BS) kernels. Benchmark tests include pressure-loaded and shear-dominated flows, such as an elastic band under differential pressure loads, a pressurized membrane, a compressed block, Cook’s membrane, a slanted channel flow, and a modified Turek-Hron problem. Additionally, we validate our methodology using a complex fluid-structure interaction model of bioprosthetic heart valve dynamics in a pulse duplicator. Results demonstrate that CBS kernels achieve superior volume conservation compared to conventional isotropic kernels, eliminating the need for additional volumetric stabilization techniques typically required to address instabilities arising from volume conservation errors. Further, CBS kernels achieve convergence on coarser fluid grids, while IB and BS kernels need finer grids for comparable accuracy. Unlike IB and BS ke

关键词： Delta functions

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Radiation tolerance study of scintillation properties with 6 MeV electron beam on inorganic scintillators

Radiation tolerance study of scintillation properties with 6...

引用

IEEE Symposium on Nuclear Science (NSS/MIC)

作者： C. Park S. Kim J. Seo M. Alima H. Kim H. Park K. Lee S. Cho J.-Y. Yeom Global Health Technology Research Center Korea University Seongbuk-Gu Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health Korea University Seongbuk-Gu Republic of Korea Department of Health and Safety Convergence Science Korea University Seongbuk-Gu Republic of Korea Department of Bioengineering Korea University Seongbuk-Gu Republic of Korea Department of Radiation Oncology Chonnam National University Medical School Dong-Gu Republic of Korea School of Biomedical Engineering Korea University Seongbuk-Gu Republic of Korea

The radiation tolerance of several inorganic scintillators was investigated to ensure their reproducibility in electron beam exposure. LuAG:Pr, GPS:Ce, LYSO:Ce, GAGG:Ce single, and GAGG:Ce ceramic scintillators were prepared with all faces polished mechanically and thermally annealed. Electron beam exposures at 50, 100, 500, 1000, and 3000 Gy were conducted using a 6 MeV clinical electron beam from a Varian Novalis Tx linear accelerator with a 270-degree bending magnet. Energy spectra were acquired by exciting a 137 Cs source coupled to a photomultiplier tube (PMT) kept in the dark box with a biased high voltage of -900 V. The relative light output of GPS:Ce and LuAG:Pr compared to the baseline decreased steadily after electron beam exposure, recording 66.2% and 56.9%, respectively, at a dose of 3 kGy. The transmittance and photoluminescence of these scintillators also deteriorated with increasing crystallographic defects. In contrast, LYSO:Ce and GAGG:Ce scintillators demonstrated high tolerance to electron beams. Thermal annealing was shown to restore the scintillation properties of the degraded scintillators. These findings provide valuable insights into the radiation tolerance of inorganic scintillators and have implications for the design of radiation detectors for various applications, including radiation therapy and aerospace. Using inorganic scintillators in radiation therapy is particularly critical for estimating radiation exposure. The potential of these scintillators in aerospace applications will also be explored based on the promising results of this study.

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Research highlights

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Lab on a Chip 2013年第10期13卷 1842-1845页

作者： João Ribas Mark W. Tibbitt Mehmet R. Dokmeci Ali Khademhosseini Center for Biomedical Engineering Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA PhD Program in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology and Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC) University of Coimbra 3004-517 Coimbra Portugal Biocant–Center of Innovation and Biotechnology 3060-197 Cantanhede Portugal Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80303 USA Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering Harvard University Boston Massachusetts 02115 USA World Premier International–Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR) Tohoku University Sendai 980-8577 Japan

A graphical abstract is available for this content

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High-temperature strain-mediated oxidation of 2D MoS2

引用

Materials and Design 2023年 236卷

作者： Rouhan, Mehdi Hobley, Jonathan Lin, Kuang-I Hofmann, Mario Yao, Yu-Chi Chang, Yung-Huang Carpick, Robert William Schall, J. David Jeng, Yeau-Ren Department of Biomedical Engineering National Cheng Kung University 1 University Road Tainan City70101 Taiwan Core Facility Center National Cheng Kung University 1 University Road Tainan City70101 Taiwan Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei106 Taiwan Bachelor Program in Interdisciplinary Studies National Yunlin University of Science and Technology 123 University Road Yunlin64002 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics University of Pennsylvania 220 S. 33rd St. PhiladelphiaPA19104-6315 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University GreensboroNC27411 United States Tainan70101 Taiwan

MoS2 is 2D material applicable for electronics, photo-detectors, light-emitting diodes, and solar cells. Since these applications operate at elevated temperatures, determining and controlling the environmental stability of MoS2 is essential. This study uses Raman spectroscopic experiments at elevated temperatures to observe reversible and irreversible changes in 2D MoS2 films with varying thickness, morphology, and substrate to explore the limits of its thermal stability. Molecular dynamics simulations and in-situ X-ray diffraction confirm that thermal expansion causes the Raman reversible spectral shifts. Further analysis reveals irreversible spectral shifts associated with oxidation and strain effects caused by oxidation with two distinct modes. The former is due to the general homogenous thinning of layers from the top layer down through randomly spaced sulfur vacancies. The latter is due to inhomogeneous oxidation, which known to occur as localized pitting at grain boundaries, void formation from nucleation centers, or stress corrosion cracking starting from edges under strain. Segregation of doping and strain contributions confirms higher strain in the edges. Annealing increases the spread of the strain distribution. These results highlight the critical role of strain, resulting from thermal expansion coefficient mismatch between substrates and 2D MoS2 films, on their environmental stability. © 2023 The Authors

关键词： Raman spectroscopy

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An immersed peridynamics model of fluid-structure interaction accounting for material damage and failure

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Kim, Keon Ho Bhalla, Amneet P.S. Griffith, Boyce E. Department of Mathematics University of North Carolina Chapel HillNC United States Department of Mechanical Engineering San Diego State University San DiegoCA United States Departments of Mathematics Applied Physical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering University of North Carolina Chapel HillNC United States Carolina Center for Interdisciplinary Applied Mathematics University of North Carolina Chapel HillNC United States Computational Medicine Program University of North Carolina Chapel HillNC United States McAllister Heart Institute University of North Carolina Chapel HillNC United States

This paper develops and benchmarks an immersed peridynamics method to simulate the deformation, damage, and failure of hyperelastic materials within a fluid-structure interaction framework. The immersed peridynamics method describes an incompressible structure immersed in a viscous incompressible fluid. It expresses the momentum equation and incompressibility constraint in Eulerian form, and it describes the structural motion and resultant forces in Lagrangian form. Coupling between Eulerian and Lagrangian variables is achieved by integral transforms with Dirac delta function kernels, as in standard immersed boundary methods. The major difference between our approach and conventional immersed boundary methods is that we use peridynamics, instead of classical continuum mechanics, to determine the structural forces. We focus on non-ordinary state-based peridynamic material descriptions that allow us to use a constitutive correspondence framework that can leverage well-characterized nonlinear constitutive models of soft materials. The convergence and accuracy of our approach are compared to both conventional and immersed finite element methods using widely used benchmark problems of nonlinear incompressible elasticity. We demonstrate that the immersed peridynamics method yields comparable accuracy with similar numbers of structural degrees of freedom for several choices of the size of the peridynamic horizon. We also demonstrate that the method can generate grid-converged simulations of fluid-driven material damage growth, crack formation and propagation, and rupture under large deformations. © 2022, CC BY-SA.

关键词： Continuum mechanics

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Extracellular Matrix Protein Composition Dynamically Changes During Murine Forelimb Development

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Jacobson, Kathryn R. Saleh, Aya M. Lipp, Sarah N. Tian, Chengzhe Watson, Audrey R. Luetkemeyer, Callan M. Ocken, Alexander R. Spencer, Sabrina L. Kinzer-Ursem, Tamara L. Calve, Sarah Purdue University Interdisciplinary Life Science Program Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States The Indiana University School of Medicine IndianapolisIN46202 United States Department of Biochemistry University of Colorado Boulder BoulderCO80303 United States BioFrontiers Institute University of Colorado Boulder BoulderCO80303 United States Austrian Academy of Sciences Vienna Austria Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Colorado Boulder BoulderCO80309 United States Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering United States

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is an integral part of multicellular organisms, connecting different cell layers and tissue types. During morphogenesis and growth, tissues undergo substantial reorganization. While it is intuitive that the ECM remodels in concert, little is known regarding how matrix composition and organization change during development. Here, we quantified ECM protein dynamics in the murine forelimb during appendicular musculoskeletal morphogenesis (embryonic days 11.5-14.5) using tissue fractionation, bioorthogonal non-canonical amino acid tagging, and mass spectrometry. Our analyses indicated that ECM protein (matrisome) composition in the embryonic forelimb changed as a function of development and growth, was distinct from other developing organs (brain), and was altered in a model of disease (osteogenesis imperfecta murine). Additionally, the tissue distribution for select matrisome were assessed via immunohistochemistry in the wild-type embryonic and postnatal musculoskeletal system, which did not directly correlate with single-cell transcriptomic expression profiles, indicating the importance for investigating the proteome in addition to the transcriptome. This resource will guide future research investigating the role of the matrisome during complex tissue development. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Mass spectrometry

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